Term IRI Term label Parent term IRI Parent term label Alternative term Definition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OAE_0001551 brain AE http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OAE_0000001 adverse event brain disorder AE an adverse event that occurs in brain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000027 data item http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000030 information content entity data a data item is an information content entity that is intended to be a truthful statement about something (modulo, e.g., measurement precision or other systematic errors) and is constructed/acquired by a method which reliably tends to produce (approximately) truthful statements. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0000040 drug role http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000023 role drug a role borne by a molecular entity and is realized in a process of absorption by an organism alters, or effects (or is assumed to effect) a function(s) which inhere in an organism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0000070 assay http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ERO_0000007 technique scientific observation A planned process with the objective to produce information about some evaluant http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0000094 material processing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ERO_0000007 technique material transformation A planned process which results in physical changes in a specified input material http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0200000 data transformation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0000011 planned process data processing A planned process that produces output data from input data. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0500000 study design http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000030 information content entity experimental design A plan specification comprised of protocols (which may specify how and what kinds of data will be gathered) that are executed as part of an investigation and is realized during a study design execution. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0500026 eligibility criterion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000030 information content entity eligibility rule an eligibility criterion (rule) is_a selection criterion which defines and states the requirements (positive or negative) for an entity to be considered as suitable for a given task or participation in a process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0500027 inclusion criterion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0500026 eligibility criterion inclusion rule an inclusion criterion (rule) is_a *eligibility criterion* which defines and states a condition which, if met, makes an entity suitable for a given task or participation in a given process. For instance, in a study protocol, inclusion criteria indicate the conditions that prospective subjects MUST meet to be eligible for participation in a study. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBCS_0000011 measurement scale http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000030 information content entity scale of measure An information content entity that represents a type of scale on which a variable is measured, including nominal, ordinal, interval, ratio. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBCS_0000052 Incidence rate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000161 rate incidence A data item that refers to the number of new events that have occurred in a specific time interval divided by the population at risk at the beginning of the time interval. The result gives the likelihood of developing an event in that time interval. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBCS_0000055 prevalence rate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000161 rate prevalence A data item that refers to the number of individuals with a given disease at a given point in time divided by the population at risk at a specified point in time or over a specified period of time. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBCS_0000103 mann-whitney U test http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBCS_0000001 statistical data analysis Wilcoxon rank-sum test A non-parametric test of the null hypothesis that two populations are the same against an alternative hypothesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBCS_0000150 standardized mortality ratio http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBCS_0000220 derived data from inferential statistical analysis SMR A data item which is the ratio of observed deaths in the study group to expected deaths in the general population. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBCS_0000220 derived data from inferential statistical analysis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000027 data item inferential statistic A data item that is derived from an inferential statistical data analysis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CTO_0000201 clinical trial phase http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000019 quality clinical trial stage The quality of a clinical trial that studies a drug or biological product. The phase is based on the study's objective, the number of participants, and other characteristics. According to USA FDA, there are five phases: Early Phase 1 (formerly listed as Phase 0), Phase 1, Phase 2, Phase 3, and Phase 4. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CTO_0000203 clinical trial phase 1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CTO_0000201 clinical trial phase Phase I A clinical trial phase that represents the first-in-man trial, which tests within a small group of people (typically 20-80) to evaluate safety, determine safe dosage ranges, and begin to identify side effects. A drug's side effects could be subtle or long term, or may only happen with a few people, so phase 1 trials are not expected to identify all side effects. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CTO_0000204 clinical trial phase 2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CTO_0000201 clinical trial phase Phase II A clinical trial phase that is designed to study a biomedical or behavioral intervention in a larger group of people (several hundred), to evaluate the drug's effectiveness for a particular indication in patients with the disease or condition under study, and to determine the common short-term side effects and risks associated with the intervention. [def-source: NCI] http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CTO_0000205 clinical trial phase 3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CTO_0000201 clinical trial phase Phase III A clinical trial phase that is designed to investigate the efficacy of the biomedical or behavioral intervention in large groups of human subjects (from several hundred to several thousand), to confirm efficacy, to monitor adverse reactions to the new medication or treatment regimen with respect to long-term use and by comparing the intervention to other standard or experimental interventions as well as to a placebo. [def-source: NCI] http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CTO_0000206 clinical trial phase 4 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CTO_0000201 clinical trial phase Phase IV A clinical trial phase that is designed for a randomized, controlled trial to evaluate the long-term safety and efficacy of a drug for a given indication. Often they are designed to study side effects that may have become apparent after the phase III study was completed. [def-source: NCI] http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CTO_0000220 clinical trial http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0000011 planned process interventional trial a clinical trial is a medical interventional study where participants are assigned prospectively to an intervention or interventions according to a protocol to evaluate the safety and efficacy of the intervention(s) on biomedical or other health related outcomes. The Interventions include but are not restricted to drugs, cells and other biological products, surgical procedures, radiologic procedures, devices, behavioral treatments, process-of-care changes, preventive care, etc. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OAE_0000001 adverse event http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGMS_0000061 pathological bodily process adverse reaction a pathological bodily process that occurs after a medical intervention. An adverse event is likely caused by the medical intervention; however, such a causal association is not required to be an adverse event. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ADO_0000053 episodic memory impairment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ADO_0000001 cognitive symptom memory impairment A mental impairment in the ability to learn and retain new information, or recall information about a specific event that has occurred at a specific time and place. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/INO_0000032 regulation of transcription http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/INO_0000157 regulation regulation of gene transcription a gene expression regulation process that involves the regulation of a gene transcription. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MF_0000016 human being http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000040 material entity person A member of the species Homo Sapiens. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ERO_0001071 cerebro-spinal tap http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0000659 specimen collection Spinal tap A technique used to collect cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from an organism, which involves inserting a needle between the third and fourth lumbar vertebrae in the back and extracting a sample of fluid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ERO_0001351 single photon emission computed tomography http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ERO_0001312 imaging technique SPECT An imaging technique, in which a gamma camera rotates around the patient and takes pictures from many angles, and a tomographic (cross-sectional) image is generated. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000581 C3b http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C21523 Complement Component Protein C3b is the principal protein fragment produced when complement component C3 is cleaved by convertases of either the classical or alternative pathway. C3b aids in opsonization. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0001219 monkey http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C71164 Animal Model Any primate that is not a prosimian (lemurs and tarsiers) or an ape. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ExO_0000138 Chicano http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ExO_0000109 race A term sometimes used interchangeably with Mexican-American to denote an American citizen of Mexican decent. The term is a chosen identity of some Mexican-Americans in the United States. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ExO_0000145 Hispanic http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ExO_0000109 race A person of Cuban, Mexican, Puerto Rican, South or Central American, or other Spanish culture or origin, regardless of race. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ExO_0000132 African American http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ExO_0000109 race A person having origins in any of the Black racial groups of Africa. Terms such as "Haitian" or "Negro" can be used in addition to "Black or African American". http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ExO_0000135 Asian http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ExO_0000109 race A person having origins in any of the original peoples of the Far East, Southeast Asia, or the Indian subcontinent, including for example, Cambodia, China, India, Japan, Korea, Malaysia, Pakistan, the Philippine Islands, Thailand, and Vietnam. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ExO_0000133 Alaska Native http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ExO_0000109 race Denotes a person having origins in any indigenous people of Alaska and their descendants and who maintains tribal affiliation, or community or cultural attachment. The concept refers to population subgroups such as Eskimos, Aleuts, Inupiat, Yupik, Alutiiq, Egegik,and Pribilovian, Alaskan Athabascan, Tlingit, and Haida. The concept refers also to individuals who classify themselves as such. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ExO_0000141 Cuban-American http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ExO_0000109 race Denotes a person from or of Cuba or an American citizen of Cuban descent. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ExO_0000104 alcohol consumption http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C16795 Lifestyle Consumption of liquids containing ethanol, including the behaviors associated with drinking the alcohol. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ExO_0000137 Central or South American http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ExO_0000109 race A person of Central or South American culture or origin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MAXO_0000648 enzyme inhibitor agent therapy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MAXO_0000058 pharmacotherapy A therapy using a compound or agent that combines with an enzyme in such a manner as to prevent the normal substrate-enzyme combination and the catalytic reaction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MAXO_0000652 ACE inhibitor therapy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MAXO_0000181 cardiovascular agent therapy Use of a drug that inhibits angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II. Inhibition of ACE results in a reduction in angiotensin II and angiotensin II-induced aldosterone secretion, causing vasodilation and natriuresis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MAXO_0000655 ACE 1 inhibitor therapy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MAXO_0000652 ACE inhibitor therapy Use of a drug that inhibits angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) 1, an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MAXO_0000656 ACE 2 inhibitor therapy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MAXO_0000652 ACE inhibitor therapy Use of a drug that inhibits angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) 2, an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ONS_0000070 Cohort Study http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0500000 study design Data are obtained from groups who have been exposed, or not exposed, to the new technology or factor of interest (eg from databases). No allocation of exposure is made by the researcher. Best for study the effect of predictive risk factors on an outcome. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ONS_0000072 Cross-Sectional Survey http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0500000 study design A study that examines the relationship between diseases (or other health-related characteristics) and other variables of interest as they exist in a defined population at one particular time (ie exposure and outcomes are both measured at the same time). Best for quantifying the prevalence of a disease or risk factor, and for quantifying the accuracy of a diagnostic test. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_15841 polypeptide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33839 macromolecule A peptide containing ten or more amino acid residues. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24129 furans http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38104 oxacycle Compounds containing at least one furan ring. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25000 lactone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35701 ester Any cyclic carboxylic ester containing a 1-oxacycloalkan-2-one structure, or an analogue having unsaturation or heteroatoms replacing one or more carbon atoms of the ring. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25698 ether http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33582 carbon group molecular entity An organooxygen compound with formula ROR, where R is not hydrogen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26191 polyol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33822 organic hydroxy compound A compound that contains two or more hydroxy groups. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33261 organosulfur compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26835 sulfur molecular entity An organosulfur compound is a compound containing at least one carbon-sulfur bond. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33567 catecholamine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35352 organonitrogen compound 4-(2-Aminoethyl)pyrocatechol [4-(2-aminoethyl)benzene-1,2-diol] and derivatives formed by substitution. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33822 organic hydroxy compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50860 organic molecular entity An organic compound having at least one hydroxy group attached to a carbon atom. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35469 antidepressant http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35470 central nervous system drug Antidepressants are mood-stimulating drugs used primarily in the treatment of affective disorders and related conditions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38101 organonitrogen heterocyclic compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35352 organonitrogen compound Any organonitrogen compound containing a cyclic component with nitrogen and at least one other element as ring member atoms. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_5686 heterocyclic compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33595 cyclic compound A cyclic compound having as ring members atoms of at least two different elements. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_67079 anti-inflammatory agent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33232 application Any compound that has anti-inflammatory effects. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_72544 flavonoids http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50860 organic molecular entity Any organic molecular entity whose stucture is based on derivatives of a phenyl-substituted 1-phenylpropane possessing a C15 or C16 skeleton, or such a structure which is condensed with a C6-C3 lignan precursors. The term is a 'superclass' comprising all members of the classes of flavonoid, isoflavonoid, neoflavonoid, chalcones, dihydrochalcones, aurones, pterocarpan, coumestans, rotenoid, flavonolignan, homoflavonoid and flavonoid oligomers. Originally restricted to natural products, the term is also applied to synthetic compounds related to them. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_3387 carbamazepine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35470 central nervous system drug A dibenzoazepine that is 5H-dibenzo[b,f]azepine carrying a carbamoyl substituent at the azepine nitrogen, used as an anticonvulsant. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_131863 docosanoid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35366 fatty acid Any oxygenated derivative of C22 polyunsaturated fatty acids, such as docosapentaenoic acid (DPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_15361 pyruvate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36357 polyatomic entity A 2-oxo monocarboxylic acid anion that is the conjugate base of pyruvic acid, arising from deprotonation of the carboxy group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_15843 arachidonic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35366 fatty acid A long-chain fatty acid that is a C20, polyunsaturated fatty acid having four (Z)-double bonds at positions 5, 8, 11 and 14. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_15891 taurine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35352 organonitrogen compound An amino sulfonic acid that is the 2-amino derivative of ethanesulfonic acid. It is a naturally occurring amino acid derived from methionine and cysteine metabolism. An abundant component of fish- and meat-based foods, it has been used as an oral supplement in the treatment of disorders such as cystic fibrosis and hypertension. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16337 phosphatidic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35701 ester A derivative of glycerol in which one hydroxy group, commonly but not necessarily primary, is esterified with phosphoric acid and the other two are esterified with fatty acids. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16828 L-tryptophan http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33582 carbon group molecular entity The L-enantiomer of tryptophan. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17347 testosterone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_18059 lipid An androstanoid having 17beta-hydroxy and 3-oxo groups, together with unsaturation at C-4-C-5.. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17996 chloride http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24870 ion A halide anion formed when chlorine picks up an electron to form an an anion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_18059 lipid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50860 organic molecular entity 'Lipids' is a loosely defined term for substances of biological origin that are soluble in nonpolar solvents. They consist of saponifiable lipids, such as glycerides (fats and oils) and phospholipids, as well as nonsaponifiable lipids, principally steroids. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23824 diol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26191 polyol A compound that contains two hydroxy groups, generally assumed to be, but not necessarily, alcoholic. Aliphatic diols are also called glycols. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24833 oxoacid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24651 hydroxides A compound which contains oxygen, at least one other element, and at least one hydrogen bound to oxygen, and which produces a conjugate base by loss of positive hydrogen ion(s) (hydrons). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25367 molecule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36357 polyatomic entity Any polyatomic entity that is an electrically neutral entity consisting of more than one atom. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_30089 acetate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24870 ion A monocarboxylic acid anion resulting from the removal of a proton from the carboxy group of acetic acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35222 inhibitor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24432 biological role A substance that diminishes the rate of a chemical reaction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35850 sulfone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33261 organosulfur compound An organosulfur compound having the structure RS(=O)2R (R =/= H). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36587 organic oxo compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_72695 organic molecule Organic compounds containing an oxygen atom, =O, doubly bonded to carbon or another element. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36976 nucleotide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25608 nucleoside phosphate A nucleotide is a nucleoside phosphate resulting from the condensation of the 3 or 5 hydroxy group of a nucleoside with phosphoric acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38462 EC 3.1.1.7 (acetylcholinesterase) inhibitor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23924 enzyme inhibitor An EC 3.1.1.* (carboxylic ester hydrolase) inhibitor that interferes with the action of enzyme acetylcholinesterase (EC 3.1.1.7), which helps breaking down of acetylcholine into choline and acetic acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_48705 agonist http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_52210 pharmacological role Substance which binds to cell receptors normally responding to naturally occurring substances and which produces a response of its own. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_52206 biochemical role http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24432 biological role A biological role played by the molecular entity or part thereof within a biochemical context. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_52217 pharmaceutical http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33232 application Any substance introduced into a living organism with therapeutic or diagnostic purpose. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_5445 glyceraldehyde http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33582 carbon group molecular entity An aldotriose comprising propanal having hydroxy groups at the 2- and 3-positions. It plays role in the formation of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs), a deleterious accompaniment to ageing. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_5855 ibuprofen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33582 carbon group molecular entity A monocarboxylic acid that is propionic acid in which one of the hydrogens at position 2 is substituted by a 4-(2-methylpropyl)phenyl group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_60004 mixture http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_59999 chemical substance A mixture is a chemical substance composed of multiple molecules, at least two of which are of a different kind. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_61120 nucleobase-containing molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33833 heteroarene Any compound that has a nucleobase as a part. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_61697 fatty acid derivative http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_18059 lipid Any organic molecular entity derived from a fatty acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_62618 hydroxyacyl-CoA http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17984 acyl-CoA An acyl-CoA that results from the formal condensation of the thiol group of coenzyme A with the carboxy group of any hydroxycarboxylic acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_21519 N-acetyl-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35701 ester A N-acyl-D-glucosamine 1-phosphate in which the acyl group specified is acetyl. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23367 molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24431 chemical entity Any constitutionally or isotopically distinct atom, molecule, ion, ion pair, radical, radical ion, complex, conformer etc., identifiable as a separately distinguishable entity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_2401 acetophenazine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38093 phenothiazines A member of the class of phenothiazines that is 10H-phenothiazine substituted by a 3-[4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazin-1-yl]propyl group at the nitogen atom and an acetyl group at position 2. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24431 chemical entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000030 object A chemical entity is a physical entity of interest in chemistry including molecular entities, parts thereof, and chemical substances. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24432 biological role http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000023 role A role played by the molecular entity or part thereof within a biological context. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24532 organic heterocyclic compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33832 organic cyclic compound A cyclic compound having as ring members atoms of carbon and at least of one other element. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24651 hydroxides http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37577 heteroatomic molecular entity Hydroxides are chemical compounds containing a hydroxy group or salts containing hydroxide (OH(-)). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24870 ion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24431 chemical entity A molecular entity having a net electric charge. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25681 omega-3 fatty acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35366 fatty acid A family of polyunsaturated fatty acids that have in common a final carbon-carbon double bond in the omega-3 position, i.e., the third bond from the methyl end of the fatty acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25710 organophosphorus compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33582 carbon group molecular entity An organophosphorus compound is formally a compound containing at least one carbon-phosphorus bond, but the term is often extended to include esters and thioesters. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25941 peroxynitrite http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33304 chalcogen molecular entity The nitrogen oxoanion formed by loss of a proton from peroxynitrous acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26020 phosphate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26079 phosphoric acid derivative Salts and esters of phosphoric and oligophosphoric acids and their chalcogen analogues. In inorganic chemistry, the term is also used to describe anionic coordination entities with phosphorus as central atom. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26167 polar amino acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35352 organonitrogen compound Any amino acid whose side chain is capable of forming one or more hydrogen bonds. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_2627 ambenonium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24870 ion A symmetrical oxalamide-based bis-quaternary ammonium ion having ethyl and 2-chlorobenzyl groups attached to the nitrogens. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26395 purine nucleotide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26401 purines Any nucleotide that has a purine nucleobase. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26400 purine ribonucleotide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26395 purine nucleotide Any ribonucleotide that has a purine nucleobase. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_2666 amitriptyline http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35352 organonitrogen compound An organic tricyclic compound that is 10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[a,d][7]annulene substituted by a 3-(dimethylamino)propylidene group at position 5. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_2675 amoxapine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33582 carbon group molecular entity A dibenzooxazepine compound having a chloro substituent at the 2-position and a piperazin-1-yl group at the 11-position. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26764 steroid hormone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_18059 lipid Any steroid that acts as hormone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26806 succinate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36357 polyatomic entity A dicarboxylic acid anion obtained by deprotonation of at least one of the carboxy groups of succinic acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_27470 folic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33582 carbon group molecular entity An N-acyl-amino acid that is a form of the water-soluble vitamin B9. Its biologically active forms (tetrahydrofolate and others) are essential for nucleotide biosynthesis and homocysteine remethylation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_28839 3-disulfanyl-L-alanine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35352 organonitrogen compound An S-substituted L-cysteine where the S-substituent is specified as sulfanyl. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_29101 sodium(1+) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33296 alkali metal molecular entity A monoatomic monocation obtained from sodium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_29103 potassium(1+) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33296 alkali metal molecular entity A monoatomic monocation obtained from potassium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_32988 amide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_51143 nitrogen molecular entity An amide is a derivative of an oxoacid RkE(=O)l(OH)m (l =/= 0) in which an acidic hydroxy group has been replaced by an amino or substituted amino group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33232 application http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000023 role Intended use of the molecular entity or part thereof by humans. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33250 atom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24431 chemical entity A chemical entity constituting the smallest component of an element having the chemical properties of the element. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33285 heteroorganic entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50860 organic molecular entity A heteroorganic entity is an organic molecular entity in which carbon atoms or organic groups are bonded directly to one or more heteroatoms. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33296 alkali metal molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24431 chemical entity A molecular entity containing one or more atoms of an alkali metal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33302 pnictogen molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33675 p-block molecular entity A p-block molecular entity containing any pnictogen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33304 chalcogen molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33675 p-block molecular entity Any p-block molecular entity containing a chalcogen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33598 carbocyclic compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33597 homocyclic compound A homocyclic compound in which all of the ring members are carbon atoms. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33675 p-block molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33579 main group molecular entity A main group molecular entity that contains one or more atoms of a p-block element. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33832 organic cyclic compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33595 cyclic compound Any organic molecule that consists of atoms connected in the form of a ring. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36357 polyatomic entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24431 chemical entity Any molecular entity consisting of more than one atom. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36962 organochalcogen compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33304 chalcogen molecular entity An organochalcogen compound is a compound containing at least one carbon-chalcogen bond. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37554 fatty acyl-CoA http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17984 acyl-CoA An acyl-CoA that results from the formal condensation of the thiol group of coenzyme A with the carboxy group of any fatty acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37577 heteroatomic molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36357 polyatomic entity A molecular entity consisting of two or more chemical elements. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_4325 dapsone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35352 organonitrogen compound A sulfone that is diphenylsulfone in which the hydrogen atom at the 4 position of each of the phenyl groups is substituted by an amino group. It is active against a wide range of bacteria, but is mainly employed for its actions against Mycobacterium leprae, being used as part of multidrug regimens in the treatment of all forms of leprosy. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_4717 droperidol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17087 ketone An organofluorine compound that is haloperidol in which the hydroxy group has been eliminated with the introduction of a double bond in the piperidine ring, and the 4-chlorophenyl group has been replaced by a benzimidazol-2-on-1-yl group. It is used in the management of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting, and in conjunction with an opioid analgesic such as fentanyl to maintain the patient in a calm state of neuroleptanalgesia with indifference to surroundings but still able to cooperate with the surgeon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_47381 diclofenac http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35352 organonitrogen compound A monocarboxylic acid consisting of phenylacetic acid having a (2,6-dichlorophenyl)amino group at the 2-position. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_61078 purine nucleoside bisphosphate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37123 nucleoside bisphosphate A nucleoside bisphosphate that has a purine nucleobase. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_61079 ribonucleoside bisphosphate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37123 nucleoside bisphosphate A nucleoside bisphosphate where sugar of the nucleoside is ribose. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_64482 phosphatidylcholine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35352 organonitrogen compound A glycerophosphocholine that is glycero-3-phosphocholine bearing two acyl substituents at positions 1 and 2. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_6780 mesoridazine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35352 organonitrogen compound A phenothiazine substituted at position 2 (para to the S atom) by a methylsulfinyl group, and on the nitrogen by a 2-(1-methylpiperidin-2-yl)ethyl group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_83820 non-proteinogenic amino acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35352 organonitrogen compound Any amino-acid that is not naturally encoded in the genetic code of any organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_84055 pentose phosphate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33447 phospho sugar Any phospho sugar that is the phosphate derivative of pentose. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_9362 suprofen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17087 ketone An aromatic ketone that is thiophene substituted at C-2 by a 4-(1-carboxyethyl)benzoyl group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_3698 cilazapril http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_72695 organic molecule A pyridazinodiazepine resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of cilazaprilat with ethanol. It is a drug used in the treatment of hypertension and heart failure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_3723 citalopram http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35469 antidepressant A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)-citalopram and its enantiomer, escitalopram. It is used as an antidepressant, although only escitalopram is active. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_3766 clozapine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35476 antipsychotic agent A benzodiazepine that is 5H-dibenzo[b,e][1,4]diazepine substituted by a chloro group at position 8 and a 4-methylpiperazin-1-yl group at position 11. It is a second generation antipsychotic used in the treatment of psychiatric disorders like schizophrenia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38545 rosuvastatin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_87631 statin A dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is (6E)-7-{4-(4-fluorophenyl)-2-[methyl(methylsulfonyl)amino]-6-(propan-2-yl)pyrimidin-5-yl} hept-6-enoic acid carrying two hydroxy substituents at positions 3 and 5 (the 3R,5S-diastereomer). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38561 fluvastatin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_60911 racemate A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (3R,5S)- and (3S,5R)-fluvastatin. An HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor, it is used (often as the corresponding sodium salt) to reduce triglycerides and LDL-cholesterol, and increase HDL-chloesterol, in the treatment of hyperlipidaemia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38679 fluorobiphenyl http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37143 organofluorine compound Any member of the class of biphenyls that is a mono or poly-substituted biphenyl having fluro group as one of the substituents. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38697 anthocyanin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24870 ion Any flavonoid that is a glycoside derivative of anthocyanidin. Anthocyanins are water-souluble plant pigments that generally occur as acidic salts exhibiting bright colours. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_39026 low-density lipoprotein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080 protein A class of lipoproteins of small size (18-25 nm) and low density (1.019-1.063 g/ml) particles with a core composed mainly of cholesterol esters and smaller amounts of triglycerides. The surface monolayer consists mostly of phospholipids, a single copy of apolipoprotein B-100, and free cholesterol molecules. The main function of LDL is to transport cholesterol and cholesterol esters from the liver. Excessive levels are associated with cardiovascular disease. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_47780 clomipramine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33582 carbon group molecular entity A dibenzoazepine that is 10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[b,f]azepine which is substituted by chlorine at position 3 and in which the hydrogen attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a 3-(dimethylamino)propyl group. One of the more sedating tricyclic antidepressants, it is used as the hydrochloride salt for the treatment of depression as well as obsessive-compulsive disorder and phobias. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_67011 folates http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_176842 vitamin B9 An N-acyl-L-alpha-amino acid anion obtained by deprotonation of any folic acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50607 dityrosine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35352 organonitrogen compound A biphenyl compound comprising two tyrosine residues linked at carbon-3 of their benzene rings. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_5103 flumazenil http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_72695 organic molecule An organic heterotricyclic compound that is 5,6-dihydro-4H-imidazo[1,5-a][1,4]benzodiazepine which is substituted at positions 3, 5, 6, and 8 by ethoxycarbonyl, methyl, oxo, and fluoro groups, respectively. It is used as an antidote to benzodiazepine overdose. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_9566 thioridazine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38093 phenothiazines A phenothiazine derivative having a methylsulfanyl subsitituent at the 2-position and a (1-methylpiperidin-2-yl)ethyl] group at the N-10 position. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_60425 amyloid fibril http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080 protein Insoluble fibrous protein aggregates exhibiting beta sheet structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_6128 ketoprofen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17087 ketone An oxo monocarboxylic acid that consists of propionic acid substituted by a 3-benzoylphenyl group at position 2. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_6129 ketorolac http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_60911 racemate A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)-(+)- and (S)-(-)-5-benzoyl-2,3-dihydro-1H-pyrrolizine-1-carboxylic acid. While only the (S)-(-) enantiomer is a COX1 and COX2 inhibitor, the (R)-(+) enantiomer exhibits potent analgesic activity. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, ketorolac is mainly used (generally as the tromethamine salt) for its potent analgesic properties in the short-term management of post-operative pain, and in eye drops to relieve the ocular itching associated with seasonal allergic conjunctivitis. It was withdrawn from the market in many countries in 1993 following association with haemorrhage and renal failure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_61293 adenyl nucleotide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26395 purine nucleotide A nucleotide having adenine as the base. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_63409 pentose derivative http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_63367 monosaccharide derivative A monosaccharide derivative that is formally obtained from a pentose. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_63618 pravastatin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_87631 statin A carboxylic ester resulting from the formal condensation of (S)-2-methylbutyric acid with the hydroxy group adjacent to the ring junction of (3R,5R)-7-[(1S,2S,6S,8S,8aR)-6,8-dihydroxy-2-methyl-1,2,6,7,8,8a-hexahydronaphthalen-1-yl]-3,5-dihydroxyheptanoic acid. Derived from microbial transformation of mevastatin, pravastatin is a reversible inhibitor of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A (HMG-CoA). The sodium salt is used for lowering cholesterol and preventing cardiovascular disease. It is one of the lower potency statins, but has the advantage of fewer side effects compared with lovastatin and simvastatin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_63620 rasagiline http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35352 organonitrogen compound An indane that consists of 1-aminoindane bearing an N-propargyl substituent. A selective, irreversible monoamine oxidase-B inhibitor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_64073 exendin-4 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35352 organonitrogen compound A bioactive polypeptide of 39 amino acid residues isolated from the saliva of the Gila monster (Heloderma suspectum). High-affinity glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist (Kd = 136 pM); potently induces cAMP formation without stimulating amylase release in pancreatic acini; potentiates glucose-induced insulin secretion in isolated rat islets; protects against glutamate-induced neurotoxicity. A synthetic version is called exenatide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_71193 liraglutide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_15841 polypeptide A lipopeptide that is an analogue of human GLP-1 in which the lysine residue at position 27 is replaced by arginine and a hexadecanoyl group attached to the remaining lysine via a glutamic acid spacer. Used as an adjunct to diet and exercise to improve glycemic control in adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_71941 tolmetin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17087 ketone A monocarboxylic acid that is (1-methylpyrrol-2-yl)acetic acid substituted at position 5 on the pyrrole ring by a 4-methylbenzoyl group. Used in the form of its sodium salt dihydrate as a nonselective nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_73044 lumiracoxib http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35352 organonitrogen compound An amino acid that is phenylacetic acid which is substituted at position 2 by the nitrogen of 2-chloro-6-fluoroaniline and at position 5 by a methyl group. A highly selective cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor, it was briefly used for the treatment of osteoarthritis, but was withdrawn due to concersns of hepatotoxicity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_73290 PK-11195 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35352 organonitrogen compound A monocarboxylic acid amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 1-(2-chlorophenyl)isoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid with the amino group of sec-butylmethylamine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_8212 pimozide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17792 organohalogen compound A member of the class of benzimidazoles that is 1,3-dihydro-2H-benzimidazol-2-one in which one of the nitrogens is substituted by a piperidin-4-yl group, which in turn is substituted on the nitrogen by a 4,4-bis(p-fluorophenyl)butyl group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_8228 pioglitazone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25698 ether A member of the class of thiazolidenediones that is 1,3-thiazolidine-2,4-dione substituted by a benzyl group at position 5 which in turn is substituted by a 2-(5-ethylpyridin-2-yl)ethoxy group at position 4 of the phenyl ring. It exhibits hypoglycemic activity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_82698 suvorexant http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MAXO_0000644 molecular pathway modifying agent therapy An aromatic amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 5-methyl-2-(2H-1,2,3-triazol-2-yl)benzoic acid with the secondary amino group of 5-chloro-2-[(5R)-5-methyl-1,4-diazepan-1-yl]-1,3-benzoxazole. An orexin receptor antagonist used for the management of insomnia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_82978 paliperidone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_60911 racemate A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-paliperidone. Paliperidone is the primary active metabolite of the older antipsychotic risperidone and is used for treatment of schizophrenia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_8887 rofecoxib http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33261 organosulfur compound A butenolide that is furan-2(5H)-one substituted by a phenyl group at position 3 and by a p-(methylsulfonyl)phenyl group at position 4. A selective cyclooxygenase 2 inhibitor, it was used from 1999 to 2004 for the treatment of ostoarthritis, but was withdrawn following concerns about an associated increased risk of heart attack and stroke. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0000921 demyelination http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0012638 Abnormal nervous system physiology a partial absence or patchy, incomplete area of a myelin sheath over all or part of an axon or fiber tract due to degeneration or destruction of the myelin sheath http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0001864 vascular inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0010978 Abnormality of immune system physiology inflammation of any blood and/or lymphatic vessel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0003674 oxidative stress http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_596 pathological process condition characterized by an accumulation of free radical groups in the body, which creates a potentially unstable and damaging cellular environment linked to tissue damage, accelerated aging, and degenerative disease; can result from many factors, including exposure to alcohol, medications, poor nutrition, trauma, cold or toxins; may be indicated by low antioxidant levels measured in blood plasma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0005331 insulin resistance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000473 nutrition, metabolism, and development symptom diminished effectiveness of insulin in lowering plasma glucose levels http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_3 apoptosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_596 pathological process Energy dependent cell death induced by intrinsic genetic or developmental programme, or external stimuli such as addition or withdrawal of cytokines or trophic factors, radiation, chemotherapeutic agents etc. Characterised by cell shrinkage, increases in membrane permeability, endonucleolyis and nuclear fragmentation resulting in the formation of rapidly endocytosed apoptotic bodies. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OAE_0000002 medical intervention http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0000011 planned process medical intervention is a planned process that has the goal of diagnosing, preventing or relieving illness or injury. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OAE_0001011 adverse drug effect http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000016 disposition an adverse effect that occurs after a drug administration: an appreciably harmful or unpleasant reaction resulting from an intervention related to the use of a medicinal product http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGMS_0000014 clinical finding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGMS_0000123 clinical data item A representation that is either the output of a clinical history taking or a physical examination or an image finding, or some combination thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ExO_0000150 Mexican http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ExO_0000109 race Denotes a person from or of Mexico. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ICO_0000288 pregnant woman http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MF_0000016 human being A woman who is pregnant. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GECKO_0000060 gender http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000019 quality An organismal quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's preference towards a range of characteristics pertaining to, and differentiating between, masculinity and femininity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GSSO_000252 behavioral therapy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGMS_0000112 therapeutic procedure Therapeutic approach that may employ classical conditioning, operant learning techniques, or other behavioral techniques, in an attempt to eliminate or modify problem behavior, addressing itself primarily to the client's overt behavior, as opposed to thoughts, feelings, or other cognitive processes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GSSO_006835 crude death rate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000161 rate Mortality from all causes in a given time interval, for a given population. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000052 shape http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001241 physical object quality A morphological quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's ratios of distances between its features (points, edges, surfaces and also holes etc). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000161 rate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000019 quality A quality of a single process inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's occurrence per unit time. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000936 truncated http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000052 shape A shape quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's terminating abruptly by having or as if having an end or point cut off. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001241 physical object quality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000019 quality A quality which inheres in a continuant. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FYPO_0000160 fragmented DNA http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005622 intracellular anatomical structure A cell phenotype in which DNA is broken into small fragments. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BTO_0000214 cell culture http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000040 material entity Cells taken from a living organism and grown under controlled conditions (in culture). Methods used to maintain cell lines or strains. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000610 dizziness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000410 neurological and physiological symptom Dizziness is a neurological and physiological symptom characterized by a sensation of unsteadiness accompanied by a feeling of movement within the head. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000016 confusion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000410 neurological and physiological symptom Confusion is a neurological and physiological symptom characterized by a disturbance of consciousness characterized by inability to engage in orderly thought or by lack of power to distinguish, choose, or act decisively. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C100762 Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale-Cognitive CDISC Version Questionnaire http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C91105 Clinical or Research Assessment Questionnaire The CDISC version of the Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale-Cognitive (CDISC ADAS-Cog) containing 15 summary-level tests. This version is based on combining the total pool of ADAS-Cog tests that were observed during a review of multiple case report forms administered in clinical trials of Alzheimer's disease, as well as the CRF administered in the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) observational study. (Modified from Mohs RC, Rosen WG, Davis KL. The Alzheimer's disease assessment scale: an instrument for assessing treatment efficacy. Psychopharmacol Bull 1983;19(3):448-450. Rosen WG, Mohs RC, Davis KL. A new rating scale for Alzheimer's disease. Am J Psychiatry 1984;141(11):1356-1364. Mohs RC, Knopman D, Petersen RC et al. Development of cognitive instruments for use in clinical trials of antidementia drugs: additions to the Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale that broaden its scope. The Alzheimer's Disease Cooperative Study. Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord 1997;11 Suppl 2:S13-S21. Wouters H, van Gool WA, Schmand B, Lindeboom R. Revising the ADAS-cog for a more accurate assessment of cognitive impairment. Alzheimer Dis Assoc Disord 2008;22(3):236-244.). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C102114 Clinical Dementia Rating Questionnaire http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C91105 Clinical or Research Assessment Questionnaire A standardized rating scale developed by John C. Morris in 1997 to evaluate the severity of an individual's cognitive impairment. This instrument contains 6 areas which include memory, orientation, judgment and problem solving, community affairs, home and hobbies, and personal care. Each item is rated on a scale from 0 to 3 with 0 being none and 3 being severe. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C118457 N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000373 receptor A protein complex that plays a role in both NMDA binding and ion transport. It is a heterotetramer consisting of 2 glutamate [NMDA] receptor subunit zeta-1 proteins and 2 epsilon subunits (glutamate [NMDA] receptor subunit epsilon-1, -2, -3 or -4). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C118892 FOXO Family http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C20130 Protein Family A subfamily within the forkhead box (FOX) protein family, which is a family of transcription factors that contain a forkhead DNA-binding domain. FOXO proteins regulate apoptosis, cell-cycle progression, oxidative-stress resistance, and tumor suppression. The transcriptional promoter activity of these factors is regulated by post-translational modifications, such as phosphorylation, acetylation, and monoubiquitination. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C16861 Microtubule Associated Protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein Proteins associated with the microtubule assembly infrastructure. These proteins include specialized motor proteins (dynein and kinesin) and smaller tubulin-crosslinking proteins (tau proteins). The proteins are required for both microtubule assembly and stabilization. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C20031 Extracellular Protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein Proteins secreted out of the cell to perform a function in the extracellular medium. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C20080 Angiography http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C38101 X-Ray Imaging The X-ray examination of the blood vessels or chambers of the heart. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C116450 Arterial Spin Labeling Magnetic Resonance Imaging http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C16809 Magnetic Resonance Imaging An application of functional MRI used to measure cerebral blood flow. ASL uses magnetically labeled water as the tracer. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C117960 Diagnostic Criteria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGMS_0000073 diagnosis A standard from which a judgment concerning a medical diagnosis can be established. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C117997 Extrapyramidal Symptom Rating Scale-Abbreviated Clinical Classification http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C20993 Research or Clinical Assessment Tool A standardized rating scale originally developed by Chouinard et al in 1980, which is used to measure drug-induced extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS) or 4 types of drug-induced movement disorders (DIMD): parkinsonism, akathisia, dystonia, and tardive dyskinesia. The questionnaire contains 28 questions and generates 4 subscales and 4 clinical global impression severity (CGI-S) scales. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C15262 Immunotherapy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGMS_0000112 therapeutic procedure Therapy designed to induce changes in a patient's immune status in order to treat disease. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C16502 Diagnostic Imaging http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ERO_0001312 imaging technique Any method that uses a visual display of structural or functional patterns of organs or tissues for diagnostic evaluation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C131258 MT-RNR2 Gene http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2110009606 RNA gene of Homo sapiens This gene plays a role in both mitochondrial protein translation and apoptosis regulation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0031249 Parageusia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0000118 Phenotypic abnormality A distortion of the sense of taste, often characterized by the sensation of a metallic taste. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0000839 congenital abnormality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGMS_0000031 disease Any abnormality, anatomical or biochemical, evident at birth or during the neonatal period. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0002046 alcohol abuse http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGMS_0000031 disease The use of alcoholic beverages to excess, either on individual occasions ("binge drinking") or as a regular practice. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0002251 hepatitis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0024505 disorder by anatomical region An active inflammatory process affecting the liver for more than six months. Causes include viral infections, autoimmune disorders, drugs, and metabolic disorders. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0004335 digestive system disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGMS_0000031 disease A disease or disorder that involves the digestive system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005015 diabetes mellitus (disease) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0024505 disorder by anatomical region A metabolic disorder characterized by abnormally high blood sugar levels due to diminished production of insulin or insulin resistance/desensitization. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005151 endocrine system disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGMS_0000031 disease A disease involving the endocrine system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0007089 Alzheimer disease 2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100087 familial Alzheimer disease An Alzheimer's disease that is characterized by an association of the apolipoprotein E E4 allele. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0010422 Alzheimer disease 16 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_10652 Alzheimer's disease An Alzheimer's disease that is characterized by an associated with a risk allele in in the PCDH11X gene on chromosome Xq21.3. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0011561 Alzheimer disease 6 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0015140 early-onset autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease An Alzheimer's disease that is characterized by an associated with variation in the region 10q24. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0011647 Alzheimer disease 7 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0015140 early-onset autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease An Alzheimer's disease that is characterized by an associated with variation in the region 10p13. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0011743 Alzheimer disease 4 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0015140 early-onset autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease Alzheimer's disease with an early onset (starts before the age of 65). It is caused by mutations in the PSEN2 gene. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0011777 Alzheimer disease 8 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0015140 early-onset autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease An Alzheimer's disease that is characterized by an associated with variation in the region 20p12.2-q11.21. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0011913 Alzheimer disease 3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0015140 early-onset autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease Alzheimer's disease with an early onset (starts before the age of 65). It is caused by mutations in the PSEN1 gene. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0012321 Alzheimer disease 10 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0015140 early-onset autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease An Alzheimer's disease that is characterized by an associated with variation in the region 7q36. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0012344 Alzheimer disease 11 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0015140 early-onset autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease An Alzheimer's disease that is characterized by an associated with variation in the region 9p22.1. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0012609 Alzheimer disease 12 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0015140 early-onset autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease An Alzheimer's disease that is characterized by an associated with variation in the region 8p12-q22. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0012630 Alzheimer disease 13 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0015140 early-onset autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease An Alzheimer's disease that is characterized by an associated with variation in the region 1q21. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0012631 Alzheimer disease 14 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0015140 early-onset autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease An Alzheimer's disease that is characterized by an associated with variation in the region 1q25. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0014036 Alzheimer disease 17 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_10652 Alzheimer's disease An Alzheimer's disease that is characterized by an associated with mutations in the gene TREM2. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0014265 Alzheimer disease 18 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_10652 Alzheimer's disease Any Alzheimer disease in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the ADAM10 gene. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0014316 Alzheimer disease 19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_10652 Alzheimer's disease Any Alzheimer disease in which the cause of the disease is a mutation in the PLD3 gene. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0018696 corticobasal syndrome http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_1289 neurodegenerative disease Corticobasal syndrome (CBS) is a rare neurodegenerative disease characterized by multifaceted motor system dysfunctions and cognitive defects such as asymmetric rigidity, bradykinesia, limb apraxia, and visuospatial dysfunction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UPa_UPA00026 metabolism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008150 biological_process The totality of the chemical reactions and physical changes that occur in living organisms, comprising anabolism and catabolism; may be qualified to mean the chemical reactions and physical processes undergone by a particular substance, or class of substances, in a living organism. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UPa_UPA00426 energy metabolism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UPa_UPA00026 metabolism The chemical reactions involved in energy transformations within cells. . http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UPa_UPA00468 protein degradation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UPa_UPA00026 metabolism Degradation of cellular proteins. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C160587 Executive Function Disorder http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_1561 cognitive disorder Cognitive, emotional, and behavioral difficulties that often occur in conjunction with frontal lobe disorders, including traumatic injury and dementia. It is also a feature of attention deficit disorder and other non-trauma-induced conditions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0033429 Neuroinflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0010978 Abnormality of immune system physiology Activation of the brain's innate immune system in response to an inflammatory challenge and is characterized by a host of cellular and molecular changes within the brain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_9255 frontotemporal dementia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_331 central nervous system disease A dementia characterized by progressive neuronal loss predominantly involving the frontal and/or temporal lobes of the brain resulting in a gradual and progressive decline in behavior or language. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_4029 gastritis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGMS_0000031 disease A stomach disease that is an inflammation of the lining of the stomach. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_8725 vascular dementia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_1307 dementia A dementia that involves impairments in cognitive function caused by problems in blood vessels that feed the brain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_9246 cerebral amyloid angiopathy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_0014667 disease of metabolism An amyloidosis where amyloid protein progressively deposits in cerebral blood vessel walls with subsequent degenerative vascular changes that usually result in spontaneous cerebral hemorrhage, ischemic lesions and progressive dementia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0000118 Phenotypic abnormality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000019 quality A phenotypic abnormality. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0000751 Personality changes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0012638 Abnormal nervous system physiology An abnormal shift in patterns of thinking, acting, or feeling. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002013 Vomiting http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000459 digestive system symptom Forceful ejection of the contents of the stomach through the mouth by means of a series of involuntary spasmic contractions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002180 Neurodegeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0012639 Abnormal nervous system morphology Progressive loss of neural cells and tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002185 Neurofibrillary tangles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0012639 Abnormal nervous system morphology Pathological protein aggregates formed by hyperphosphorylation of a microtubule-associated protein known as tau, causing it to aggregate in an insoluble form. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002186 Apraxia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0012638 Abnormal nervous system physiology A defect in the understanding of complex motor commands and in the execution of certain learned movements, i.e., deficits in the cognitive components of learned movements. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002381 Aphasia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0012638 Abnormal nervous system physiology An acquired language impairment of some or all of the abilities to produce or comprehend speech and to read or write. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0010978 Abnormality of immune system physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0000118 Phenotypic abnormality A functional abnormality of the immune system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0012393 Allergy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0010978 Abnormality of immune system physiology An allergy is an immune response or reaction to substances that are usually not harmful. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0012638 Abnormal nervous system physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0000707 Abnormality of the nervous system A functional anomaly of the nervous system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0012639 Abnormal nervous system morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0000707 Abnormality of the nervous system A structural anomaly of the nervous system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001869 cerebral hemisphere http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure One of two bilateral, largely symmetrical organ subdivisions within the telencephalon which contain the cerebral cortex and cerebral white matter.[FMA]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001871 temporal lobe http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016526 lobe of cerebral hemisphere Lower lateral part of the cerebral hemisphere. (MSH). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001894 diencephalon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010314 structure with developmental contribution from neural crest The division of the forebrain that develops from the foremost primary cerebral vesicle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002037 cerebellum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010314 structure with developmental contribution from neural crest Part of the metencephalon that lies in the posterior cranial fossa behind the brain stem. It is concerned with the coordination of movement[MESH]. A large dorsally projecting part of the brain concerned especially with the coordination of muscles and the maintenance of bodily equilibrium, situated between the brain stem and the back of the cerebrum , and formed in humans of two lateral lobes and a median lobe[BTO]. Brain structure derived from the anterior hindbrain, and perhaps including posterior midbrain. The cerebellum plays a role in somatic motor function, the control of muscle tone, and balance[ZFA]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002420 basal ganglion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007245 nuclear complex of neuraxis An individual member of a collection of basal ganglia. Basal ganglia are subcortical masses of gray matter in the forebrain and midbrain that are richly interconnected and so viewed as a functional system. The nuclei usually included are the caudate nucleus (caudoputamen in rodents), putamen, globus pallidus, substantia nigra (pars compacta and pars reticulata) and the subthalamic nucleus. Some also include the nucleus accumbens and ventral pallidum[NIF,modified]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004086 brain ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005358 ventricle of nervous system one of the system of communicating cavities in the brain that are continuous with the central canal of the spinal cord, that like it are derived from the medullary canal of the embryo, that are lined with an epithelial ependyma, and that contain a serous fluid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000002 continuant http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000001 entity An entity that exists in full at any time in which it exists at all, persists through time while maintaining its identity and has no temporal parts. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000004 independent continuant http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000002 continuant b is an independent continuant = Def. b is a continuant which is such that there is no c and no t such that b s-depends_on c at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [017-002]) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000015 process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000003 occurrent p is a process = Def. p is an occurrent that has temporal proper parts and for some time t, p s-depends_on some material entity at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [083-003]) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000017 realizable entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000020 specifically dependent continuant A specifically dependent continuant that inheres in continuant entities and are not exhibited in full at every time in which it inheres in an entity or group of entities. The exhibition or actualization of a realizable entity is a particular manifestation, functioning or process that occurs under certain circumstances. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000020 specifically dependent continuant http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000002 continuant b is a relational specifically dependent continuant = Def. b is a specifically dependent continuant and there are n > 1 independent continuants c1, … cn which are not spatial regions are such that for all 1 i < j n, ci and cj share no common parts, are such that for each 1 i n, b s-depends_on ci at every time t during the course of b’s existence (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [131-004]) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000031 generically dependent continuant http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000002 continuant b is a generically dependent continuant = Def. b is a continuant that g-depends_on one or more other entities. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [074-001]) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000035 process boundary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000003 occurrent p is a process boundary =Def. p is a temporal part of a process & p has no proper temporal parts. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [084-001]) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000140 continuant fiat boundary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000141 immaterial entity b is a continuant fiat boundary = Def. b is an immaterial entity that is of zero, one or two dimensions and does not include a spatial region as part. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [029-001]) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000144 process profile http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000015 process b is a process_profile =Def. there is some process c such that b process_profile_of c (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [093-002]) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000145 relational quality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000019 quality b is a relational quality = Def. for some independent continuants c, d and for some time t: b quality_of c at t & b quality_of d at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [057-001]) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000030 information content entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000031 generically dependent continuant An information content entity is an entity that is generically dependent on some artifact and stands in relation of aboutness to some entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000109 measurement datum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000027 data item A measurement datum is an information content entity that is a recording of the output of a measurement such as produced by a device. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_9606 Homo sapiens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_40674 Mammalia The primate species of mammal to which modern humans belong. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0000011 planned process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000015 process A process that realizes a plan which is the concretization of a plan specification. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0000047 processed material http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000040 material entity Is a material entity that is created or changed during material processing. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0000181 population http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000040 material entity a population is a collection of individuals from the same taxonomic class living, counted or sampled at a particular site or in a particular area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0000278 disease stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000015 process a part of an occurrence of a disease process which is associated with position in the normal progression of the disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0000659 specimen collection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0000094 material processing a planned process with the objective of obtaining specimen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0000673 statistical hypothesis test http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0200000 data transformation A statistical hypothesis test data transformation is a data transformation that has objective statistical hypothesis test. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0000739 Student's t-test http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0000673 statistical hypothesis test Studen't t-test is a data transformation with the objective of a statistical hypothesis test in which the test statistic has a Student's t distribution if the null hypothesis is true. It is applied when the population is assumed to be normally distributed but the sample sizes are small enough that the statistic on which inference is based is not normally distributed because it relies on an uncertain estimate of standard deviation rather than on a precisely known value. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0000931 study intervention http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0000011 planned process the part of the execution of an intervention design study which is varied between two or more subjects in the study http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0200200 chi square test http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0000673 statistical hypothesis test The chi-square test is a data transformation with the objective of statistical hypothesis testing, in which the sampling distribution of the test statistic is a chi-square distribution when the null hypothesis is true, or any in which this is asymptotically true, meaning that the sampling distribution (if the null hypothesis is true) can be made to approximate a chi-square distribution as closely as desired by making the sample size large enough. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0500028 exclusion criterion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0500026 eligibility criterion an exclusion criterion (rule) is_a *eligibility criterion* which defines and states a condition which, if met, makes an entity unsuitable for a given task or participation in a given process. For instance, in a study protocol, exclusion criteria indicate the conditions that prospective subjects SHOULD NOT meet to be eligible for participation in a study http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGMS_0000015 clinical history http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGMS_0000123 clinical data item A series of statements representing health-relevant qualities of a patient and of a patient's family. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGMS_0000023 phenotype http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000019 quality A (combination of) quality(ies) of an organism determined by the interaction of its genetic make-up and environment that differentiates specific instances of a species from other instances of the same species. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGMS_0000031 disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000016 disposition A disposition (i) to undergo pathological processes that (ii) exists in an organism because of one or more disorders in that organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGMS_0000090 treatment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0000011 planned process A planned process whose completion is hypothesized by a health care provider to eliminate, prevent, or alleviate the signs and symptoms of a disorder or pathological process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000011 age http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001241 physical object quality A time quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of how long the bearer has existed. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000047 biological sex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001241 physical object quality An organismal quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's ability to undergo sexual reproduction in order to differentiate the individuals or types involved. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000383 female http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000047 biological sex A biological sex quality inhering in an individual or a population that only produces gametes that can be fertilised by male gametes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000384 male http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000047 biological sex A biological sex quality inhering in an individual or a population whose sex organs contain only male gametes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000040 material entity An amino acid chain that is produced de novo by ribosome-mediated translation of a genetically-encoded mRNA, and any derivatives thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SO_0000276 miRNA http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_0000000031 RNA gene Small, ~22-nt, RNA molecule that is the endogenous transcript of a miRNA gene (or the product of other non coding RNA genes. Micro RNAs are produced from precursor molecules (SO:0000647) that can form local hairpin structures, which ordinarily are processed (usually via the Dicer pathway) such that a single miRNA molecule accumulates from one arm of a hairpin precursor molecule. Micro RNAs may trigger the cleavage of their target molecules or act as translational repressors. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FMA_63841 Plasma membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FMA_67135 Anatomical structure Cell component which has as its parts a maximal phospholipids bilayer and two or more types of protein embedded in the bilayer. Examples: plasma membrane of hepatocyte, sarcolemma, plasma membrane of erythrocyte. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FMA_66835 Cytoplasm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FMA_67135 Anatomical structure Cell component which has as its direct parts a portion of cytosol and one or more organelles. Examples: cytoplasm of hepatocyte, cytoplasm of erythrocyte, cytoplasm of thrombocyte, cytoplasm of neuron. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FMA_67165 Material anatomical entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FMA_61775 Physical anatomical entity Physical anatomical entity which has mass. Examples: hemoglobin molecule, mitochondrion, hepatocyte, erythrocyte, heart, head, blood, urine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FMA_67304 Cell appendage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FMA_67135 Anatomical structure Cell component which consists of parts of the cytoplasm and plasma membrane protruding from the cell body. Examples: cilium, microvillus, axon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FMA_83153 Organ component of neuraxis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FMA_14065 Organ component Organ component which is part of the brain or spinal cord. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBCS_0000001 statistical data analysis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0200000 data transformation a data transformation that has input of mulitple data and report overall trend of the data. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBCS_0000048 absolute risk http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBCS_0000220 derived data from inferential statistical analysis A data item of an observed or calculated probability of occurrence of an event, X, in a population related to exposure to a specific hazard, infection, trauma; the number of persons suffering from a disease when the exposed population is known with certainty. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBCS_0000056 relative risk http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBCS_0000220 derived data from inferential statistical analysis A data item that equals the incidence in exposed individuals divided by the incidence in unexposed individuals. The relative risk can be calculated from studies in which the proportion of patients exposed and unexposed to a risk is known, such as a cohort study. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBCS_0000231 mortality rate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000161 rate A rate of deaths (in general, or due to a specific cause) that in a particular population, scaled to the size of that population, per unit of time. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OMIABIS_0001022 population based study design http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0500000 study design A study design that is multidisciplinary done at the population level or among the population groups, generally to find the cause, incidence or spread of the disease or to see the response to the treatment, nutrition or environment. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OMIT_0027103 Endophenotypes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGMS_0000023 phenotype An endophenotype (also known as intermediate phenotype) is a quantitative biological trait that is reliable in reflecting the function of a discrete biological system and is reasonably heritable, and as such is more closely related to the root cause of the disease than the broad clinical phenotype. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OMIT_0027688 Neuroimaging http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C16502 Diagnostic Imaging Non-invasive methods of visualizing the central nervous system, especially the brain, by various imaging modalities. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OMIT_0027689 Functional Neuroimaging http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OMIT_0027688 Neuroimaging Methods for visualizing regional blood flow, metabolic, electrical, or other physiological activities in the central nervous system using various imaging modalities. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000439 heartburn http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000099 pain Heartburn is a pain characterized by a painful burning feeling in your chest or throat that happens when stomach acid backs up into your esophagus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000571 insomnia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000567 general symptom Insomnia is a sleep disturbance characterized by prolonged and usually abnormal inability to obtain adequate sleep. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000734 stroke http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000480 nervous system symptom Stroke is a nervous system symptom characterized by a sudden diminution or loss of consciousness, sensation, and voluntary motion caused by rupture or obstruction (as by a clot) of a blood vessel of the brain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0019182 behavioral symptom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000480 nervous system symptom A nervous system symptom that involves, is related to, or emphasizes behavior. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C74611 Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate Measurement http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000023 blood chemistry measurement A quantitative measurement of the distance that red blood cells travel in one hour in a sample of unclotted blood. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C74982 Mini-Mental Status Exam http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C91105 Clinical or Research Assessment Questionnaire A standardized and structured interview originally developed by Marshal Folstein, Susan Folstein and Paul McHugh (Journal of Psychiatric Research, 1975), which is used to evaluate an individual's cognitive function. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SCDO_0000268 Comparative Study http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C15206 Clinical Study Comparison of outcomes, results, responses, etc for different techniques, therapeutic approaches or other inputs. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SCDO_0000676 Kidney Function Test http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GENEPIO_0001420 diagnostic test Laboratory tests used to evaluate how well the kidneys are working through examination of blood and urine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_15551 prostaglandin E2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33304 chalcogen molecular entity Prostaglandin F2alpha in which the hydroxy group at position 9 has been oxidised to the corresponding ketone. Prostaglandin E2 is the most common and most biologically potent of mammalian prostaglandins. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_15899 (R)-5-diphosphomevalonic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35701 ester The 5-diphospho derivative of (R)-mevalonic acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17984 acyl-CoA http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_140325 secondary carboxamide A thioester that results from the formal condensation of the thiol group of coenzyme A with the carboxy group of any carboxylic acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_18243 dopamine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35352 organonitrogen compound Catechol in which the hydrogen at position 4 is substituted by a 2-aminoethyl group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23053 catechin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33582 carbon group molecular entity Members of the class of hydroxyflavan that have a flavan-3-ol skeleton and its substituted derivatives. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50114 estrogen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24621 hormone A hormone that stimulates or controls the development and maintenance of female sex characteristics in mammals by binding to oestrogen receptors. The oestrogens are named for their importance in the oestrous cycle. The oestrogens that occur naturally in the body, notably estrone, estradiol, estriol, and estetrol are steroids. Other compounds with oestrogenic activity are produced by plants (phytoestrogens) and fungi (mycoestrogens); synthetic compounds with oestrogenic activity are known as xenoestrogens. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50523 butenolide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37581 gamma-lactone A gamma-lactone that consists of a 2-furanone skeleton and its substituted derivatives. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_13705 acetoacetate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_18059 lipid A 3-oxo monocarboxylic acid anion that is the conjugate base of acetoacetic acid, arising from deprotonation of the carboxy group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_15351 acetyl-CoA http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35352 organonitrogen compound An acyl-CoA having acetyl as its S-acetyl component. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_15354 choline http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36357 polyatomic entity A choline that is the parent compound of the cholines class, consisting of ethanolamine having three methyl substituents attached to the amino function. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_15356 cysteine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35352 organonitrogen compound A sulfur-containing amino acid that is propanoic acid with an amino group at position 2 and a sulfanyl group at position 3. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_15846 NAD(+) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35701 ester The oxidised form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide found in all living cells. In metabolism, NAD(+) is involved in redox reactions, carrying electrons from one reaction to another. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16091 dolichol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24913 isoprenoid Any one of a group of prenol derivatives made up of varying numbers of cis-linked isoprene units, terminating in an alpha-saturated isoprenoid group containing an alcohol functional group, with the three isoprene units at the distal end trans-linked. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16189 sulfate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36357 polyatomic entity A sulfur oxoanion obtained by deprotonation of both OH groups of sulfuric acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16240 hydrogen peroxide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36357 polyatomic entity An inorganic peroxide consisting of two hydroxy groups joined by a covalent oxygen-oxygen single bond. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16247 phospholipid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37734 phosphoric ester A lipid containing phosphoric acid as a mono- or di-ester. The term encompasses phosphatidic acids and phosphoglycerides. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16389 ubiquinones http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36357 polyatomic entity Any benzoquinone derived from 2,3-dimethoxy-5-methylbenzoquinone; one of a group of naturally occurring homologues. The redox-active quinoid moiety usually carries a polyprenoid side chain at position 6, the number of isoprenoid units in which is species-specific. Ubiquinones are involved in the control of mitochondrial electron transport, and are also potent anti-oxidants. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16393 sphingosine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_18059 lipid A sphing-4-enine in which the double bond is trans. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16474 NADPH http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35701 ester The reduced form of NADP+; used in anabolic reactions, such as lipid and nucleic acid synthesis, which require NADPH as a reducing agent. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16494 lipoic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35366 fatty acid A heterocyclic thia fatty acid comprising pentanoic acid with a 1,2-dithiolan-3-yl group at the 5-position. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16521 lanosterol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24913 isoprenoid A tetracyclic triterpenoid that is lanosta-8,24-diene substituted by a beta-hydroxy group at the 3beta position. It is the compound from which all steroids are derived. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16668 hypotaurine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36357 polyatomic entity An aminosulfinic acid comprising ethylamine having the sulfo group at the 2-position. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16796 melatonin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35352 organonitrogen compound A member of the class of acetamides that is acetamide in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen atom is replaced by a 2-(5-methoxy-1H-indol-3-yl)ethyl group. It is a hormone secreted by the pineal gland in humans. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16811 methionine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35352 organonitrogen compound A sulfur-containing amino acid that is butyric acid bearing an amino substituent at position 2 and a methylthio substituent at position 4. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16865 gamma-aminobutyric acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35352 organonitrogen compound A gamma-amino acid that is butanoic acid with the amino substituent located at C-4. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16908 NADH http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35701 ester A coenzyme found in all living cells; consists of two nucleotides joined through their 5'-phosphate groups, with one nucleotide containing an adenine base and the other containing nicotinamide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16991 deoxyribonucleic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33695 information biomacromolecule High molecular weight, linear polymers, composed of nucleotides containing deoxyribose and linked by phosphodiester bonds; DNA contain the genetic information of organisms. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17211 geranyl diphosphate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35701 ester The diphosphate of the polyprenol compound geraniol. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17230 homocysteine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35352 organonitrogen compound A sulfur-containing amino acid consisting of a glycine core with a 2-mercaptoethyl side-chain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17234 glucose http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36357 polyatomic entity An aldohexose used as a source of energy and metabolic intermediate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17359 sulfite http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36357 polyatomic entity A sulfur oxoanion that is the conjugate base of hydrogen sulfite (H2SO3). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17792 organohalogen compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37578 halide A compound containing at least one carbon-halogen bond (where X is a halogen atom). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_18022 thiocyanate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36357 polyatomic entity A pseudohalide anion obtained by deprotonation of the thiol group of thiocyanic acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_18211 citrulline http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35352 organonitrogen compound The parent compound of the citrulline class consisting of ornithine having a carbamoyl group at the N(5)-position. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_18248 iron atom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33250 atom An iron group element atom that has atomic number 26. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23888 drug http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_52217 pharmaceutical Any substance which when absorbed into a living organism may modify one or more of its functions. The term is generally accepted for a substance taken for a therapeutic purpose, but is also commonly used for abused substances. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23924 enzyme inhibitor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_52206 biochemical role A compound or agent that combines with an enzyme in such a manner as to prevent the normal substrate-enzyme combination and the catalytic reaction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24433 group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24431 chemical entity A defined linked collection of atoms or a single atom within a molecular entity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24621 hormone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33280 molecular messenger Originally referring to an endogenous compound that is formed in specialized organ or group of cells and carried to another organ or group of cells, in the same organism, upon which it has a specific regulatory function, the term is now commonly used to include non-endogenous, semi-synthetic and fully synthetic analogues of such compounds. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24913 isoprenoid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_18059 lipid Any lipid formally derived from isoprene (2-methylbuta-1,3-diene), the skeleton of which can generally be discerned in repeated occurrence in the molecule. The skeleton of isoprenoids may differ from strict additivity of isoprene units by loss or shift of a fragment, commonly a methyl group. The class includes both hydrocarbons and oxygenated derivatives. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26536 retinoic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24913 isoprenoid A retinoid consisting of 3,7-dimethylnona-2,4,6,8-tetraenoic acid substituted at position 9 by a 2,6,6-trimethylcyclohex-1-en-1-yl group (geometry of the four exocyclic double bonds is not specified). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_30879 alcohol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33822 organic hydroxy compound A compound in which a hydroxy group, -OH, is attached to a saturated carbon atom. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_3098 bile acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_18059 lipid Any member of a group of hydroxy-5beta-cholanic acids occuring in bile, where they are present as the sodium salts of their amides with glycine or taurine. In mammals bile acids almost invariably have 5beta-configuration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33447 phospho sugar http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_63367 monosaccharide derivative Any monosaccharide containing an alcoholic hydroxy group esterified with phosphoric acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080 protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33694 biomacromolecule A biological macromolecule minimally consisting of one polypeptide chain synthesized at the ribosome. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_51086 chemical role http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000023 role A role played by the molecular entity or part thereof within a chemical context. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_60643 NMDA receptor antagonist http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_48706 antagonist Any substance that inhibits the action of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors. They tend to induce a state known as dissociative anesthesia, marked by catalepsy, amnesia, and analgesia, while side effects can include hallucinations, nightmares, and confusion. Due to their psychotomimetic effects, many NMDA receptor antagonists are used as recreational drugs. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_61902 hydroxy fatty acyl-CoA http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37554 fatty acyl-CoA A fatty-acyl-CoA that results from the formal condensation of the thiol group of coenzyme A with the carboxy group of any hydroxy fatty acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_63299 carbohydrate derivative http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_78616 carbohydrates and carbohydrate derivatives Any organooxygen compound derived from a carbohydrate by replacement of one or more hydroxy group(s) by an amino group, a thiol group or similar heteroatomic groups. The term also includes derivatives of these compounds. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_72695 organic molecule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50860 organic molecular entity Any molecule that consists of at least one carbon atom as part of the electrically neutral entity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_7476 naproxen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25698 ether A methoxynaphthalene that is 2-methoxynaphthalene substituted by a carboxy ethyl group at position 6. Naproxen is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug commonly used for the reduction of pain, fever, inflammation and stiffness caused by conditions such as osteoarthritis, kidney stones, rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, gout, ankylosing spondylitis, menstrual cramps, tendinitis, bursitis, and for the treatment of primary dysmenorrhea. It works by inhibiting both the COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_78662 2,3-epoxysqualene http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24913 isoprenoid A squalene triterpenoid obtained by formal epoxidation across the 2,3 C=C bond of squalene. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_3011 benazepril http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_72695 organic molecule A benzazepine that is benazeprilat in which the carboxy group of the 2-amino-4-phenylbutanoic acid moiety has been converted to the corresponding ethyl ester. It is used (generally as its hydrochloride salt) as a prodrug for the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor benazeprilat in the treatment of hypertension and heart failure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_39548 atorvastatin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_87631 statin A dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid that is a member of the drug class known as statins, used primarily for lowering blood cholesterol and for preventing cardiovascular diseases. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_3962 curcumin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17087 ketone A beta-diketone that is methane in which two of the hydrogens are substituted by feruloyl groups. A natural dyestuff found in the root of Curcuma longa. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_40303 lovastatin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_87631 statin A fatty acid ester that is mevastatin carrying an additional methyl group on the carbobicyclic skeleton. It is used in as an anticholesteremic drug and has been found in fungal species such as Aspergillus terreus and Pleurotus ostreatus (oyster mushroom). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_42944 galanthamine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35352 organonitrogen compound A benzazepine alkaloid isolated from certain species of daffodils. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_47781 desipramine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35352 organonitrogen compound A dibenzoazepine consisting of 10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[b,f]azepine substituted on nitrogen with a 3-(methylamino)propyl group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_566274 malonaldehyde http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_72695 organic molecule A dialdehyde that is propane substituted by two oxo groups at the terminal carbon atoms respectively. A biomarker of oxidative damage to lipids caused by smoking, it exists in vivo mainly in the enol form. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_63634 valdecoxib http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33261 organosulfur compound A member of the class of isoxazoles that is isoxazole which is substituted at positions 3, 4 and 5 by phenyl, p-sulfamoylphenyl and methyl groups, respectively. A selective cyclooxygenase 2-inhibitor, it used as a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) for the treatment of arthritis from 2001 until 2005, when it was withdrawn following concerns of an associated increased risk of heart attack and stroke. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_86269 3-nitrotyrosine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_72695 organic molecule A nitrotyrosine comprising tyrosine having a nitro group at the 3-position on the phenyl ring. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_9652 tranylcypromine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_60911 racemate A racemate comprising equal amounts of (1R,2S)- and (1S,2R)-2-phenylcyclopropan-1-amine. An irreversible monoamine oxidase inhibitor that is used as an antidepressant (INN tranylcypromine). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_59118 perazine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35352 organonitrogen compound A phenothiazine derivative in which 10H-phenothiazinecarries a 3-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)propyl substituent at the N-10 position. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_6838 methotrimeprazine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35352 organonitrogen compound A member of the class of phenothiazines that is 10H-phenothiazine substituted by a (2R)-3-(dimethylamino)-2-methylpropyl group and a methoxy group at positions 10 and 2 respectively. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_6908 trichlorfon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35701 ester A phosphonic ester that is dimethyl phosphonate in which the hydrogen atom attched to the phosphorous is substituted by a 2,2,2-trichloro-1-hydroxyethyl group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_7735 olanzapine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35476 antipsychotic agent A benzodiazepine that is 10H-thieno[2,3-b][1,5]benzodiazepine substituted by a methyl group at position 2 and a 4-methylpiperazin-1-yl group at position 4. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_7822 oxaprozin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33582 carbon group molecular entity A monocarboxylic acid that is a propionic acid derivative having a 4,5-diphenyl-1,3-oxazol-2-yl substituent at position 3. It is non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug commonly used to relieve the pain and inflammatory responses associated with osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_7823 oxazepam http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35474 anxiolytic drug A 1,4-benzodiazepinone that is 1,3-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one substituted by a chloro group at position 7, a hydroxy group at position 3 and phenyl group at position 5. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_78330 huperzine A http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35352 organonitrogen compound A sesquiterpene alkaloid isolated from a club moss Huperzia serrata that has been shown to exhibit neuroprotective activity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_8024 perindopril http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_72695 organic molecule An alpha-amino acid ester that is the ethyl ester of N-{(2S)-1-[(2S,3aS,7aS)-2-carboxyoctahydro-1H-indol-1-yl]-1-oxopropan-2-yl}-L-norvaline http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_88003 fructose 6-phosphate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36357 polyatomic entity A ketohexose monophosphate consisting of fructose having a phosphate group located at the 6-position. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_8713 quinapril http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35352 organonitrogen compound A member of the class of isoquinolines that is (3S)-2-L-alanyl-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid in which the alpha-amino group of the alanyl residue has been substituted by a 1-ethoxycarbonyl-4-phenylbutan-2-yl group (the all-S isomer). A prodrug for quinaprilat (by hydrolysis of the ethyl ester to the corresponding carboxylic acid), it is used as an angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACE inhibitor) used (generally as the hydrochloride salt) for the treatment of hypertension and congestive heart failure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_87631 statin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33582 carbon group molecular entity Any organooxygen compound whose structure is related to compactin (mevastatin) and which may be used as an anticholesteremic drug due its EC 1.1.1.34/EC 1.1.1.88 (hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase) inhibitory properties. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_8774 ramipril http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35352 organonitrogen compound A dipeptide that is the prodrug for ramiprilat, the active metabolite obtained by hydrolysis of the ethyl ester group. An angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor, used to treat high blood pressure and congestive heart failure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_8871 risperidone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35476 antipsychotic agent A member of the class of pyridopyrimidines that is 2-methyl-6,7,8,9-tetrahydropyrido[1,2-a]pyrimidin-4-one carrying an additional 2-[4-(6-fluoro-1,2-benzoxazol-3-yl)piperidin-1-yl]ethyl group at position 2. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_9711 triflupromazine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35352 organonitrogen compound A member of the class of phenothiazines that is 10H-phenothiazine having a trifluoromethyl subsitituent at the 2-position and a 3-(dimethylamino)propyl group at the N-10 position. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_9943 venlafaxine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35352 organonitrogen compound A tertiary amino compound that is N,N-dimethylethanamine substituted at position 1 by a 1-hydroxycyclohexyl and 4-methoxyphenyl group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000047 neuronal stem cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FMA_68646 Cell Neural stem cell is characterized as an undifferentiated cell that originates from the neuroectoderm and has the capacity both to perpetually self-renew without differentiating and to generate multiple types of lineage-restricted progenitors. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000065 ependymal cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000255 eukaryotic cell A neurectoderm derived cell that lines the neural lumen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000094 granulocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000738 leukocyte A leukocyte with abundant granules in the cytoplasm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000099 interneuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000540 neuron Most generally any neuron which is not motor or sensory. Interneurons may also refer to neurons whose axons remain within a particular brain region as contrasted with projection neurons which have axons projecting to other brain regions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000121 Purkinje cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000029 central nervous system neuron The output neuron of the cerebellar cortex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000125 glial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002319 neural cell A non-neuronal cell of the nervous system. They not only provide physical support, but also respond to injury, regulate the ionic and chemical composition of the extracellular milieu. Guide neuronal migration during development, and exchange metabolites with neurons. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000127 astrocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000125 glial cell A class of large neuroglial (macroglial) cells in the central nervous system - the largest and most numerous neuroglial cells in the brain and spinal cord. Astrocytes (from 'star' cells) are irregularly shaped with many long processes, including those with 'end feet' which form the glial (limiting) membrane and directly and indirectly contribute to the blood-brain barrier. They regulate the extracellular ionic and chemical environment, and 'reactive astrocytes' (along with microglia) respond to injury. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000128 oligodendrocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000125 glial cell A class of large neuroglial (macroglial) cells in the central nervous system. Form the insulating myelin sheath of axons in the central nervous system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000129 microglial cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000125 glial cell A central nervous system macrophage found in the parenchyma of the central nervous system. Marker include CD11b-positive, F4/80-positive, and CD68-positive. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000235 macrophage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000738 leukocyte A mononuclear phagocyte present in variety of tissues, typically differentiated from monocytes, capable of phagocytosing a variety of extracellular particulate material, including immune complexes, microorganisms, and dead cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000540 neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002319 neural cell The basic cellular unit of nervous tissue. Each neuron consists of a body, an axon, and dendrites. Their purpose is to receive, conduct, and transmit impulses in the nervous system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000542 lymphocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000738 leukocyte A lymphocyte is a leukocyte commonly found in the blood and lymph that has the characteristics of a large nucleus, a neutral staining cytoplasm, and prominent heterochromatin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000576 monocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000738 leukocyte Myeloid mononuclear recirculating leukocyte that can act as a precursor of tissue macrophages, osteoclasts and some populations of tissue dendritic cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000598 pyramidal neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000117 CNS neuron (sensu Vertebrata) Pyramidal neurons have a pyramid-shaped soma with the apex and an apical dendrite pointed toward the pial surface and other dendrites and an axon emerging from the base. The axons may have local collaterals but also project outside their region. Pyramidal neurons are found in the cerebral cortex, the hippocampus, and the amygdala. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000617 GABAergic neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000540 neuron A neuron that uses GABA as a vesicular neurotransmitter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000669 pericyte cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000255 eukaryotic cell An elongated, contractile cell found wrapped about precapillary arterioles outside the basement membrane. Pericytes are present in capillaries where proper adventitia and muscle layer are missing (thus distingushing this cell type from adventitial cells). They are relatively undifferentiated and may become fibroblasts, macrophages, or smooth muscle cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000700 dopaminergic neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000540 neuron A neuron that releases dopamine as a neurotransmitter. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000738 leukocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000255 eukaryotic cell An achromatic cell of the myeloid or lymphoid lineages capable of ameboid movement, found in blood or other tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000767 basophil http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000094 granulocyte Any of the immature or mature forms of a granular leukocyte that in its mature form has an irregularly shaped, pale-staining nucleus that is partially constricted into two lobes, and with cytoplasm that contains coarse, bluish-black granules of variable size. Basophils contain vasoactive amines such as histamine and serotonin, which are released on appropriate stimulation. A basophil is CD123-positive, CD193-positive, CD203c-positive, and FceRIa-positive. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000771 eosinophil http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000094 granulocyte Any of the immature or mature forms of a granular leukocyte with a nucleus that usually has two lobes connected by one or more slender threads of chromatin, and cytoplasm containing coarse, round granules that are uniform in size and which can be stained by the dye eosin. Eosinophils are CD9-positive, CD191-positive, and CD193-positive. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000775 neutrophil http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000094 granulocyte Any of the immature or mature forms of a granular leukocyte that in its mature form has a nucleus with three to five lobes connected by slender threads of chromatin, and cytoplasm containing fine inconspicuous granules and stainable by neutral dyes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000850 serotonergic neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000540 neuron A neuron that releases serotonin as a neurotransmitter. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002319 neural cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000255 eukaryotic cell A cell that is part of the nervous system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002573 Schwann cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000125 glial cell A glial cell that ensheathes axons of neuron in the peripheral nervous system and are necessary for their maintainance and function. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0002608 hippocampal neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000117 CNS neuron (sensu Vertebrata) A neuron of the hippocampus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_1001474 medium spiny neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000029 central nervous system neuron The inhibitory projection neurons located in the striatum that integrate glutamatergic signals arising from the cerebral cortex and thalamus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_0014667 disease of metabolism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGMS_0000031 disease A disease that involving errors in metabolic processes of building or degradation of molecules. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_0050117 disease by infectious agent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGMS_0000031 disease A disease that is the consequence of the presence of pathogenic microbial agents, including pathogenic viruses, pathogenic bacteria, fungi, protozoa, multicellular parasites, and aberrant proteins known as prions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_0060037 developmental disorder of mental health http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_150 disease of mental health A disease of mental health that occur during a child's developmental period between birth and age 18 resulting in retarding of the child's psychological or physical development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_0060038 specific developmental disorder http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_0060037 developmental disorder of mental health A developmental disorder of mental health that categorizes specific learning disabilities and developmental disorders affecting coordination. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_0060040 pervasive developmental disorder http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_0060037 developmental disorder of mental health A developmental disorder of mental health that refers to a group of five disorders characterized by impairments in socialization and communication, as well as restricted interests and repetitive behaviors. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_0060043 sexual disorder http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_150 disease of mental health A disease of mental health that involves the impairment in normal sexual functioning. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_10652 Alzheimer's disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_680 tauopathy A tauopathy that is characterized by memory lapses, confusion, emotional instability and progressive loss of mental ability and results in progressive memory loss, impaired thinking, disorientation, and changes in personality and mood starting and leads in advanced cases to a profound decline in cognitive and physical functioning and is marked histologically by the degeneration of brain neurons especially in the cerebral cortex and by the presence of neurofibrillary tangles and plaques containing beta-amyloid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_10763 hypertension http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_1287 cardiovascular system disease An artery disease characterized by chronic elevated blood pressure in the arteries. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_10934 multiple personality disorder http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_150 disease of mental health A dissociative disorder that involves the simultaneous display of multiple distinct identities or personalities. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_114 heart disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_1287 cardiovascular system disease A cardiovascular system disease that involves the heart. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_12217 Lewy body dementia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_1307 dementia A dementia that is characterized by the development of abnormal proteinaceous (alpha-synuclein) cytoplasmic inclusions, called Lewy bodies, throughout the brain that results in progressive decline in mental abilities. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_12858 Huntington's disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_1289 neurodegenerative disease A neurodegenerative disease that has_material_basis_in autosomal dominant inheritance and is characterized by unwanted choreatic movements, behavioral and psychiatric disturbances and dementia and has_material_basis_in expansion of CAG triplet repeats (glutamine) resulting in neuron degeneration affecting muscle coordination, cognitive abilities. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_1287 cardiovascular system disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGMS_0000031 disease A disease of anatomical entity which occurs in the blood, heart, blood vessels or the lymphatic system that passes nutrients (such as amino acids and electrolytes), gases, hormones, blood cells or lymph to and from cells in the body to help fight diseases and help stabilize body temperature and pH to maintain homeostasis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_1289 neurodegenerative disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_331 central nervous system disease A central nervous system disease that results in the progressive deterioration of function or structure of neurons. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_1307 dementia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_1561 cognitive disorder A cognitive disorder resulting from a loss of brain function affecting memory, thinking, language, judgement and behavior. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_14330 Parkinson's disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_1289 neurodegenerative disease A synucleinopathy that has_material_basis_in degeneration of the central nervous system that often impairs motor skills, speech, and other functions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_1459 hypothyroidism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGMS_0000031 disease A thyroid gland disease which involves an underproduction of thyroid hormone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_150 disease of mental health http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGMS_0000031 disease A disease that involves a psychological or behavioral pattern generally associated with subjective distress or disability that occurs in an individual, and which are not a part of normal development or culture. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_1510 personality disorder http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_150 disease of mental health A disease of mental health that involve long-term patterns of thoughts and behaviors that cause serious problems with relationships and work. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_1561 cognitive disorder http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_150 disease of mental health A disease of mental health that affects cognitive functions including memory processing, perception and problem solving. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_17 musculoskeletal system disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_7 disease of anatomical entity A disease of anatomical entity that occurs in the muscular and/or skeletal system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_2030 anxiety disorder http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_1561 cognitive disorder A cognitive disorder that involves an excessive, irrational dread of everyday situations. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_225 syndrome http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGMS_0000031 disease A disease characterized by a group of signs and symptoms that occur together and characterize a particular abnormality. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_2468 psychotic disorder http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_1561 cognitive disorder A cognitive disorder that involves abnormal thinking and perceptions resulting in a disconnection with reality. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_302 substance abuse http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_303 substance-related disorder A substance-related disorder that involves a maladaptive pattern of substance use leading to significant impairment in functioning. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_303 substance-related disorder http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_150 disease of mental health A disease of mental health involving the abuse or dependence on a substance that is ingested in order to produce a high, alter one's senses, or otherwise affect functioning. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_331 central nervous system disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_863 nervous system disease A nervous system disease that affects either the spinal cord (myelopathy) or brain (encephalopathy) of the central nervous system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_3324 mood disorder http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_1561 cognitive disorder A cognitive disorder that involves a disturbance in mood as the predominant underlying feature. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_4737 somatoform disorder http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_150 disease of mental health A disease of mental health that involves physical symptoms suggesting a physical illness where the biological or medical cause of the symptoms is indeterminate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_535 sleep disorder http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_150 disease of mental health A disease of mental health that involves disruption of sleep patterns. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_630 genetic disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGMS_0000031 disease A disease that has_material_basis_in genetic variations in the human genome. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_680 tauopathy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_1289 neurodegenerative disease A neurodegenerative disease that has_material_basis_in the pathological aggregation of tau protein in so-called neurofibrillary tangles (NFT) in the human brain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_7 disease of anatomical entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGMS_0000031 disease A disease that manifests in a defined anatomical structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_863 nervous system disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_7 disease of anatomical entity A disease of anatomical entity that is located_in the central nervous system or located_in the peripheral nervous system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_9352 type 2 diabetes mellitus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_0014667 disease of metabolism A diabetes mellitus that is characterized by high blood sugar, insulin resistance, and relative lack of insulin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_9970 obesity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_0014667 disease of metabolism An overnutrition that is characterized by excess body fat, traditionally defined as an elevated ratio of weight to height (specifically 30 kilograms per meter squared), has_material_basis_in a multifactorial etiology related to excess nutrition intake, decreased caloric utilization, and genetic susceptibility, and possibly medications and certain disorders of metabolism, endocrine function, and mental illness. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0000707 Abnormality of the nervous system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0000118 Phenotypic abnormality An abnormality of the nervous system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000178 blood http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000061 anatomical structure A fluid that is composed of blood plasma and erythrocytes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000955 brain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure The brain is the center of the nervous system in all vertebrate, and most invertebrate, animals. Some primitive animals such as jellyfish and starfish have a decentralized nervous system without a brain, while sponges lack any nervous system at all. In vertebrates, the brain is located in the head, protected by the skull and close to the primary sensory apparatus of vision, hearing, balance, taste, and smell[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001017 central nervous system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011216 organ system subdivision The central nervous system is the core nervous system that serves an integrating and coordinating function. In vertebrates it consists of the neural tube derivatives: the brain and spinal cord. In invertebrates it includes central ganglia plus nerve cord. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001872 parietal lobe http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016526 lobe of cerebral hemisphere Upper central part of the cerebral hemisphere. (MSH). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002240 spinal cord http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010314 structure with developmental contribution from neural crest Part of the central nervous system located in the vertebral canal continuous with and caudal to the brain; demarcated from brain by plane of foramen magnum. It is composed of an inner core of gray matter in which nerve cells predominate, and an outer layer of white matter in which myelinated nerve fibers predominate, and surrounds the central canal. (CUMBO). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002298 brainstem http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010314 structure with developmental contribution from neural crest Stalk-like part of the brain that includes amongst its parts the medulla oblongata of the hindbrain and the tegmentum of the midbrain[ZFA,MP,generalized]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016525 frontal lobe http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016526 lobe of cerebral hemisphere Frontal lobe is the anterior-most of five lobes of the cerebral hemisphere. It is bounded by the central sulcus on its posterior border and by the longitudinal cerebral fissure on its medial border. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0035014 functional part of brain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002616 regional part of brain A brain region defined by functional criteria, e.g. auditory cortex, rather than by structural or histological criteria. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_0000000002 gene http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000040 material entity A gene is a material entity that represents the entire DNA sequence required for synthesis of a functional protein or RNA molecule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_0000000031 RNA gene http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_0000000002 gene a gene that encodes for a RNA http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2000009606 gene of Homo sapiens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_0000000002 gene A gene of an organism of Homo sapiens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2000009606 gene of Homo sapiens A gene of Homo sapiens that has a protein-coding gene disposition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2070009606 pseudo gene of Homo sapiens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2000009606 gene of Homo sapiens A gene of Homo sapiens that has a pseudo gene disposition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2110009606 RNA gene of Homo sapiens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2000009606 gene of Homo sapiens A gene of Homo sapiens that has a RNA gene disposition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2260009606 gene of Homo sapiens with unknown gene disposition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2000009606 gene of Homo sapiens A gene of Homo sapiens that has a unknown gene disposition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C97201 Dimerization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009987 cellular process A physical interaction between exactly two molecules or subunits to create a lasting compound. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_10119 ziprasidone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35476 antipsychotic agent A piperazine compound having 1,2-benzothiazol-3-yl- and 2-(6-chloro-1,3-dihydro-2-oxindol-5-yl)ethyl substituents attached to the nitrogen atoms. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16670 peptide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35352 organonitrogen compound Amide derived from two or more amino carboxylic acid molecules (the same or different) by formation of a covalent bond from the carbonyl carbon of one to the nitrogen atom of another with formal loss of water. The term is usually applied to structures formed from alpha-amino acids, but it includes those derived from any amino carboxylic acid. X = OH, OR, NH2, NHR, etc. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17087 ketone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_72695 organic molecule A compound in which a carbonyl group is bonded to two carbon atoms: R2C=O (neither R may be H). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_18379 nitrile http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35352 organonitrogen compound A compound having the structure RC#N; thus a C-substituted derivative of hydrocyanic acid, HC#N. In systematic nomenclature, the suffix nitrile denotes the triply bound #N atom, not the carbon atom attached to it. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_22586 antioxidant http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_51086 chemical role A substance that opposes oxidation or inhibits reactions brought about by dioxygen or peroxides. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_22723 benzoic acids http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_72695 organic molecule Any aromatic carboxylic acid that consists of benzene in which at least a single hydrogen has been substituted by a carboxy group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_22888 biphenyls http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_64459 biaryl Benzenoid aromatic compounds containing two phenyl or substituted-phenyl groups which are joined together by a single bond. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25384 monocarboxylic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33575 carboxylic acid An oxoacid containing a single carboxy group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26658 sesquiterpenoid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_18059 lipid Any terpenoid derived from a sesquiterpene. The term includes compounds in which the C15 skeleton of the parent sesquiterpene has been rearranged or modified by the removal of one or more skeletal atoms (generally methyl groups). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33229 vitamin (role) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_78295 food component A biochemical role played by any micronutrient that is an organic compound. Vitamins are present in foods in small amounts and are essential to normal metabolism and biochemical functions, usually as coenzymes. The term "vitamines" (from vita + amines) was coined in 1912 by Casimir Funk, who believed that these compounds were amines. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33308 carboxylic ester http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35701 ester An ester of a carboxylic acid, R(1)C(=O)OR(2), where R(1) = H or organyl and R(2) = organyl. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33575 carboxylic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35605 carbon oxoacid A carbon oxoacid acid carrying at least one -C(=O)OH group and having the structure RC(=O)OH, where R is any any monovalent functional group. Carboxylic acids are the most common type of organic acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33833 heteroarene http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33659 organic aromatic compound A heterocyclic compound formally derived from an arene by replacement of one or more methine (-C=) and/or vinylene (-CH=CH-) groups by trivalent or divalent heteroatoms, respectively, in such a way as to maintain the continuous pi-electron system characteristic of aromatic systems and a number of out-of-plane pi-electrons corresponding to the Hueckel rule (4n+2). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33853 phenols http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33659 organic aromatic compound Organic aromatic compounds having one or more hydroxy groups attached to a benzene or other arene ring. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35352 organonitrogen compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_51143 nitrogen molecular entity Any heteroorganic entity containing at least one carbon-nitrogen bond. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35358 sulfonamide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33304 chalcogen molecular entity An amide of a sulfonic acid RS(=O)2NR'2. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35366 fatty acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_18059 lipid Any aliphatic monocarboxylic acid derived from or contained in esterified form in an animal or vegetable fat, oil or wax. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35470 central nervous system drug http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23888 drug A class of drugs producing both physiological and psychological effects through a variety of mechanisms involving the central nervous system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35471 psychotropic drug http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35470 central nervous system drug A loosely defined grouping of drugs that have effects on psychological function. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35472 anti-inflammatory drug http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23888 drug A substance that reduces or suppresses inflammation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35474 anxiolytic drug http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35470 central nervous system drug Anxiolytic drugs are agents that alleviate anxiety, tension, and anxiety disorders, promote sedation, and have a calming effect without affecting clarity of consciousness or neurologic conditions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35475 non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33232 application An anti-inflammatory drug that is not a steroid. In addition to anti-inflammatory actions, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs have analgesic, antipyretic, and platelet-inhibitory actions. They act by blocking the synthesis of prostaglandins by inhibiting cyclooxygenase, which converts arachidonic acid to cyclic endoperoxides, precursors of prostaglandins. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35476 antipsychotic agent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35470 central nervous system drug Antipsychotic drugs are agents that control agitated psychotic behaviour, alleviate acute psychotic states, reduce psychotic symptoms, and exert a quieting effect. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36586 carbonyl compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36963 organooxygen compound Any compound containing the carbonyl group, C=O. The term is commonly used in the restricted sense of aldehydes and ketones, although it actually includes carboxylic acids and derivatives. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36820 ring assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33595 cyclic compound Two or more cyclic systems (single rings or fused systems) which are directly joined to each other by double or single bonds are named ring assemblies when the number of such direct ring junctions is one less than the number of cyclic systems involved. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36963 organooxygen compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36962 organochalcogen compound An organochalcogen compound containing at least one carbon-oxygen bond. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37143 organofluorine compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17792 organohalogen compound An organofluorine compound is a compound containing at least one carbon-fluorine bond. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_3756 clonazepam http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17792 organohalogen compound 1,3-Dihydro-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one in which the hydrogens at positions 5 and 7 are substituted by 2-chlorophenyl and nitro groups, respectively. It is used in the treatment of all types of epilepsy and seizures, as well as myoclonus and associated abnormal movements, and panic disorders. However, its use can be limited by the development of tolerance and by sedation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37581 gamma-lactone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25000 lactone A lactone having a five-membered lactone ring. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37622 carboxamide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33256 primary amide An amide of a carboxylic acid, having the structure RC(=O)NR2. The term is used as a suffix in systematic name formation to denote the -C(=O)NH2 group including its carbon atom. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38104 oxacycle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36963 organooxygen compound Any organic heterocyclic compound containing at least one ring oxygen atom. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50860 organic molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33582 carbon group molecular entity Any molecular entity that contains carbon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_60027 polymer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_60004 mixture A polymer is a mixture, which is composed of macromolecules of different kinds and which may be differentiated by composition, length, degree of branching etc.. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_60911 racemate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_60004 mixture A racemate is an equimolar mixture of a pair of enantiomers. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_61908 nitric oxide synthase inhibitor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_51086 chemical role An enzyme inhibitor that inhibits the action of nitric oxide synthase, EC 1.14.13.39. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_63367 monosaccharide derivative http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_63299 carbohydrate derivative A carbohydrate derivative that is formally obtained from a monosaccharide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_64459 biaryl http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33659 organic aromatic compound An organic aromatic compound whose structure contains two aromatic rings or ring systems, joined to each other by a single bond. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_74925 gamma-secretase inhibitor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_51086 chemical role An enzyme inhibitor that inhibits the activity of gamma-secretase. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_76224 aromatic ketone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17087 ketone A ketone in which the carbonyl group is attached to an aromatic ring. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26401 purines http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35875 imidazopyrimidine A class of imidazopyrimidines that consists of purine and its substituted derivatives. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33655 aromatic compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33595 cyclic compound A cyclically conjugated molecular entity with a stability (due to delocalization) significantly greater than that of a hypothetical localized structure (e.g. Kekule structure) is said to possess aromatic character. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_15784 N-acetyl-D-glucosamine 6-phosphate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35701 ester An N-acyl-D-glucosamine 6-phosphate that is the N-acetyl derivative of D-glucosamine 6-phosphate. It is a component of the aminosugar metabolism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16856 glutathione http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35352 organonitrogen compound A tripeptide compound consisting of glutamic acid attached via its side chain to the N-terminus of cysteinylglycine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17761 ceramide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_18059 lipid Ceramides (N-acyl-sphingoid bases) are a major subclass of sphingoid base derivatives with an amide-linked fatty acid. The fatty acids are typically saturated or monounsaturated with chain lengths from 14 to 26 carbon atoms; the presence of a hydroxyl group on carbon 2 is fairly common. Ceramides are generally precursors of more complex sphingolipids. In the illustrated generalised structure, R(1) = OH, OX (where X = acyl, glycosyl, phosphate, phosphonate, etc.), or H. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_12777 vitamin A http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_18059 lipid Any member of a group of fat-soluble retinoids produced via metabolism of provitamin A carotenoids that exhibit biological activity against vitamin A deficiency. Vitamin A is involved in immune function, vision, reproduction, and cellular communication. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_15355 acetylcholine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_72695 organic molecule Actylcholine is an ester of acetic acid and choline, which acts as a neurotransmitter. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16038 phosphatidylethanolamine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35701 ester A class of glycerophospholipids in which a phosphatidyl group is esterified to the hydroxy group of ethanolamine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_28790 serotonin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35352 organonitrogen compound A primary amino compound that is the 5-hydroxy derivative of tryptamine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_4909 etodolac http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33582 carbon group molecular entity A monocarboxylic acid that is acetic acid in which one of the methyl hydrogens is substituted by a 1,8-diethyl-1,3,4,9-tetrahydropyrano[3,4-b]indol-1-yl moiety. A preferential inhibitor of cyclo-oxygenase 2 and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory, it is used for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis, and for the alleviation of postoperative pain. Administered as the racemate, only the (S)-enantiomer is active. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16541 protein polypeptide chain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35352 organonitrogen compound A naturally occurring polypeptide synthesized at the ribosome. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24261 glucocorticoid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_18059 lipid Glucocorticoids are a class of steroid hormones that regulate a variety of physiological processes, in particular control of the concentration of glucose in blood. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24669 hydroxy carboxylic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33582 carbon group molecular entity Any carboxylic acid with at least one hydroxy group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25351 mevalonic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24669 hydroxy carboxylic acid A dihydroxy monocarboxylic acid comprising valeric acid having two hydroxy groups at the 3- and 5-positions together with a methyl group at the 3-position. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25608 nucleoside phosphate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37734 phosphoric ester A nucleobase-containing molecular entity that is a nucleoside in which one or more of the sugar hydroxy groups has been converted into a mono- or poly-phosphate. The term includes both nucleotides and non-nucleotide nucleoside phosphates. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_27306 vitamin B6 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35352 organonitrogen compound Any member of the group of pyridines that exhibit biological activity against vitamin B6 deficiency. Vitamin B6 deficiency is associated with microcytic anemia, electroencephalographic abnormalities, dermatitis with cheilosis (scaling on the lips and cracks at the corners of the mouth) and glossitis (swollen tongue), depression and confusion, and weakened immune function. Vitamin B6 consists of the vitamers pyridoxine, pyridoxal, and pyridoxamine and their respective 5'-phosphate esters (and includes their corresponding ionized and salt forms). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_28300 glutamine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35352 organonitrogen compound An alpha-amino acid that consists of butyric acid bearing an amino substituent at position 2 and a carbamoyl substituent at position 4. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_29016 arginine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35352 organonitrogen compound An alpha-amino acid that is glycine in which the alpha-is substituted by a 3-guanidinopropyl group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33256 primary amide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_32988 amide A derivative of an oxoacid RkE(=O)l(OH)m (l =/= 0) in which an acidic hydroxy group has been replaced by an amino or substituted amino group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33839 macromolecule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36357 polyatomic entity A macromolecule is a molecule of high relative molecular mass, the structure of which essentially comprises the multiple repetition of units derived, actually or conceptually, from molecules of low relative molecular mass. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35701 ester http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36963 organooxygen compound A compound formally derived from an oxoacid RkE(=O)l(OH)m (l > 0) and an alcohol, phenol, heteroarenol, or enol by linking with formal loss of water from an acidic hydroxy group of the former and a hydroxy group of the latter. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36009 omega-6 fatty acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35366 fatty acid A family of polyunsaturated fatty acids that have in common a final carbon-carbon double bond in the n-6 position, i.e., the sixth bond from the methyl end of the fatty acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36315 glycerophosphoinositol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37739 glycerophospholipid Any glycerophospholipid having the polar alcohol inositol esterified to the phosphate group at the sn-3 position of the glycerol backbone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37739 glycerophospholipid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35741 glycerolipid Any glycerolipid having a phosphate group ester-linked to a terminal carbon of the glycerol backbone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_5163 fosinopril http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35701 ester A phosphinate ester-containing N-acyl derivative of (4S)-cyclohexyl-L-proline. It is used for the treatment of hypertension and heart failure. A pro-drug, it is hydrolysed in vivo to the corresponding phosphininc acid, fosinoprilat, which is the active metabolite. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_57678 3-mercaptopyruvate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24870 ion The conjugate base of 3-mercaptopyruvic acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_60169 phosphatidylinositol trisphosphate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35701 ester A derivative of phosphatidylinositol in which the inositol ring is phosphorylated at three unspecified positions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_78295 food component http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_52211 physiological role A physiological role played by any substance that is distributed in foodstuffs. It includes materials derived from plants or animals, such as vitamins or minerals, as well as environmental contaminants. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_78616 carbohydrates and carbohydrate derivatives http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36963 organooxygen compound Any organooxygen compound that is a polyhydroxy-aldehyde or -ketone, or a compound derived from one. Carbohydrates contain only carbon, hydrogen and oxygen and usually have an empirical formula Cm(H2O)n; carbohydrate derivatives may contain other elements by substitution or condensation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26739 sphingolipid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35352 organonitrogen compound Sphingolipids are a complex family of compounds that share a common structural feature, a sphingoid base backbone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33569 noradrenaline http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35352 organonitrogen compound A catecholamine in which C-1 of the aminoethyl side-chain is hydroxy-substituted. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33694 biomacromolecule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33839 macromolecule A macromolecule formed by a living organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33697 ribonucleic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33695 information biomacromolecule High molecular weight, linear polymers, composed of nucleotides containing ribose and linked by phosphodiester bonds; RNA is central to the synthesis of proteins. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35741 glycerolipid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_18059 lipid Any member of the group of lipids containing a common glycerol backbone to which at least one fatty acid-derived group is attached. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37578 halide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37577 heteroatomic molecular entity Any heteroatomic molecular entity that is a chemical compound of halogen with other chemical elements. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_61296 adenyl ribonucleotide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_61293 adenyl nucleotide A purine riboncleotide where adenine is the purine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_7514 neostigmine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24870 ion A quaternary ammonium ion comprising an anilinium ion core having three methyl substituents on the aniline nitrogen, and a 3-[(dimethylcarbamoyl)oxy] substituent at position 3. It is a parasympathomimetic which acts as a reversible acetylcholinesterase inhibitor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_31236 aripiprazole http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35476 antipsychotic agent An N-arylpiperazine that is piperazine substituted by a 4-[(2-oxo-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinolin-7-yl)oxy]butyl group at position 1 and by a 2,3-dichlorophenyl group at position 4. It is an antipsychotic drug used for the treatment of Schizophrenia, and other mood disorders. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_31687 idebenone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17087 ketone A member of the class of 1,4-benzoquinones which is substituted by methoxy groups at positions 2 and 3, by a methyl group at positions 5, and by a 10-hydroxydecyl group at positions 6. Initially developed for the treatment of Alzheimer's disease, benefits were modest; it was subsequently found to be of benefit for the symptomatic treatment of Friedreich's ataxia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_32168 sulpiride http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35352 organonitrogen compound A member of the class of benzamides obtained from formal condensation between the carboxy group of 2-methoxy-5-sulfamoylbenzoic acid and the primary amino group of (1-ethylpyrrolidin-2-yl)methylamine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_32192 tenoxicam http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35352 organonitrogen compound A thienothiazine-derived monocarboxylic acid amide obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of 4-hydroxy-2-methylthieno[2,3-e][1,2]thiazine-3-carboxylic acid 1,1-dioxide with the amino group of 2-aminopyridine. Used for the treatment of pain and inflammation in osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. It is also indicated for short term treatment of acute musculoskeletal disorders including strains, sprains and other soft-tissue injuries. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_45951 trifluoperazine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35352 organonitrogen compound A member of the class of phenothiazines that is phenothiazine having a trifluoromethyl subsitituent at the 2-position and a 3-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)propyl group at the N-10 position. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_48574 phenylbutazone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33582 carbon group molecular entity A member of the class of pyrazolidines that is 1,2-diphenylpyrazolidine-3,5-dione carrying a butyl group at the 4-position. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_49662 indometacin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17792 organohalogen compound A member of the class of indole-3-acetic acids that is indole-3-acetic acid in which the indole ring is substituted at positions 1, 2 and 5 by p-chlorobenzoyl, methyl, and methoxy groups, respectively. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, it is used in the treatment of musculoskeletal and joint disorders including osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, gout, bursitis and tendinitis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_8249 piroxicam http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35352 organonitrogen compound A monocarboxylic acid amide resulting from the formal condensation of the carboxy group of 4-hydroxy-2-methyl-2H-1,2-benzothiazine-3-carboxylic acid 1,1-dioxide with the exocyclic nitrogen of 2-aminopyridine. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug of the oxicam class, it is used to relieve pain and works by preventing the production of endogenous prostaglandins involved in the mediation of pain, stiffness, tenderness and swelling. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33579 main group molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23367 molecular entity A molecular entity containing one or more atoms from any of groups 1, 2, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, and 18 of the periodic table. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33595 cyclic compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25367 molecule Any molecule that consists of a series of atoms joined together to form a ring. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33597 homocyclic compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33595 cyclic compound A cyclic compound having as ring members atoms of the same element only. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33636 bicyclic compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33595 cyclic compound A molecule that features two fused rings. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33671 heteropolycyclic compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33635 polycyclic compound A polycyclic compound in which at least one of the rings contains at least one non-carbon atom. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33674 s-block molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33579 main group molecular entity An s-block molecular entity is a molecular entity containing one or more atoms of an s-block element. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_3380 captopril http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35352 organonitrogen compound A L-proline derivative in which L-proline is substituted on nitrogen with a (2S)-2-methyl-3-sulfanylpropanoyl group. It is used as an anti-hypertensive ACE inhibitor drug. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50169 brexanolone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_18059 lipid A 3-hydroxy-5alpha-pregnan-20-one in which the hydroxy group at position 3 has alpha-configuration. It is a metabolite of the sex hormone progesterone and used for the treatment of postpartum depression in women. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_64709 organic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50860 organic molecular entity Any organic molecular entity that is acidic and contains carbon in covalent linkage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_45980 tacrine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35352 organonitrogen compound A member of the class of acridines that is 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroacridine substituted by an amino group at position 9. It is used in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_47499 imipramine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33582 carbon group molecular entity A dibenzoazepine that is 5H-dibenzo[b,f]azepine substituted by a 3-(dimethylamino)propyl group at the nitrogen atom. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_53289 donepezil http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MAXO_0000210 cholinesterase inhibitor therapy A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-donepezil. A centrally acting reversible acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, its main therapeutic use is in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease where it is used to increase cortical acetylcholine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_59999 chemical substance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24431 chemical entity A chemical substance is a portion of matter of constant composition, composed of molecular entities of the same type or of different types. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_9150 simvastatin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_87631 statin A member of the class of hexahydronaphthalenes that is lovastatin in which the 2-methylbutyrate ester moiety has been replaced by a 2,2-dimethylbutyrate ester group. It is used as a cholesterol-lowering and anti-cardiovascular disease drug. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_5118 fluoxetine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35469 antidepressant A racemate comprising equimolar amounts of (R)- and (S)-fluoxetine. A selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), it is used (generally as the hydrochloride salt) for the treatment of depression (and the depressive phase of bipolar disorder), bullimia nervosa, and obsessive-compulsive disorder. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_5123 fluphenazine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17792 organohalogen compound A member of the class of phenothiazines that is 10H-phenothiazine having a trifluoromethyl subsitituent at the 2-position and a 3-[4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazin-1-yl]propyl group at the N-10 position. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_5128 flurazepam http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35352 organonitrogen compound A 1,4-benzodiazepinone that is 1,3-dihydro-2H-1,4-benzodiazepin-2-one substituted by a 2-(diethylamino)ethyl group, 2-fluorophenyl group and chloro group at positions 1, 5 and 7, respectively. It is a partial agonist of GABAA receptors and used for the treatment of insomnia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_5138 fluvoxamine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17792 organohalogen compound An oxime O-ether that is benzene substituted by a (1E)-N-(2-aminoethoxy)-5-methoxypentanimidoyl group at position 1 and a trifluoromethyl group at position 4. It is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor that is used for the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_64645 amyloid-beta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33304 chalcogen molecular entity A peptide of 36-43 amino acids that is processed from the amyloid precursor protein. Appears to be the main constituent of amyloid plaques (deposits found in the brains of Alzheimer's disease patients). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_6710 meclofenamic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35352 organonitrogen compound An aminobenzoic acid that is anthranilic acid in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a 2,6-dichloro-3-methylphenyl group. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, it is used as the sodium salt for the treatment of dysmenorrhoea (painful periods), osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_6717 mefenamic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35352 organonitrogen compound An aminobenzoic acid that is anthranilic acid in which one of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen is replaced by a 2,3-dimethylphenyl group. Although classed as a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, its anti-inflammatory properties are considered to be minor. It is used to relieve mild to moderate pain, including headaches, dental pain, osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_6741 meloxicam http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35352 organonitrogen compound A benzothiazine that is piroxicam in which the pyridin-2-yl group is replaced by a 5-methyl-1,3-thiazol-2-yl group. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug and selective inhibitor of COX-2, it is used particularly for the management of rheumatoid arthritis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_7443 nabumetone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17087 ketone A methyl ketone that is 2-butanone in which one of the methyl hydrogens at position 4 is replaced by a 6-methoxy-2-naphthyl group. A prodrug that is converted to the active metabolite, 6-methoxy-2-naphthylacetic acid, following oral administration. It is shown to have a slightly lower risk of gastrointestinal side effects than most other non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_7477 naproxen sodium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33296 alkali metal molecular entity An organic sodium salt consisting of equimolar amounts of naproxen(1-) anions and sodium anions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005575 cellular_component http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000040 material entity A location, relative to cellular compartments and structures, occupied by a macromolecular machine when it carries out a molecular function. There are two ways in which the gene ontology describes locations of gene products: (1) relative to cellular structures (e.g., cytoplasmic side of plasma membrane) or compartments (e.g., mitochondrion), and (2) the stable macromolecular complexes of which they are parts (e.g., the ribosome). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005577 fibrinogen complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032991 protein-containing complex A highly soluble, elongated protein complex found in blood plasma and involved in clot formation. It is converted into fibrin monomer by the action of thrombin. In the mouse, fibrinogen is a hexamer, 46 nm long and 9 nm maximal diameter, containing two sets of nonidentical chains (alpha, beta, and gamma) linked together by disulfide bonds. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005579 membrane attack complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098797 plasma membrane protein complex A protein complex produced by sequentially activated components of the complement cascade inserted into a target cell membrane and forming a pore leading to cell lysis via ion and water flow. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005769 early endosome http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005768 endosome A membrane-bounded organelle that receives incoming material from primary endocytic vesicles that have been generated by clathrin-dependent and clathrin-independent endocytosis; vesicles fuse with the early endosome to deliver cargo for sorting into recycling or degradation pathways. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005770 late endosome http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005768 endosome A prelysosomal endocytic organelle differentiated from early endosomes by lower lumenal pH and different protein composition. Late endosomes are more spherical than early endosomes and are mostly juxtanuclear, being concentrated near the microtubule organizing center. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005794 Golgi apparatus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043226 organelle A membrane-bound cytoplasmic organelle of the endomembrane system that further processes the core oligosaccharides (e.g. N-glycans) added to proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum and packages them into membrane-bound vesicles. The Golgi apparatus operates at the intersection of the secretory, lysosomal, and endocytic pathways. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005802 trans-Golgi network http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031984 organelle subcompartment The network of interconnected tubular and cisternal structures located within the Golgi apparatus on the side distal to the endoplasmic reticulum, from which secretory vesicles emerge. The trans-Golgi network is important in the later stages of protein secretion where it is thought to play a key role in the sorting and targeting of secreted proteins to the correct destination. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005874 microtubule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099080 supramolecular complex Any of the long, generally straight, hollow tubes of internal diameter 12-15 nm and external diameter 24 nm found in a wide variety of eukaryotic cells; each consists (usually) of 13 protofilaments of polymeric tubulin, staggered in such a manner that the tubulin monomers are arranged in a helical pattern on the microtubular surface, and with the alpha/beta axes of the tubulin subunits parallel to the long axis of the tubule; exist in equilibrium with pool of tubulin monomers and can be rapidly assembled or disassembled in response to physiological stimuli; concerned with force generation, e.g. in the spindle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006099 tricarboxylic acid cycle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044237 cellular metabolic process A nearly universal metabolic pathway in which the acetyl group of acetyl coenzyme A is effectively oxidized to two CO2 and four pairs of electrons are transferred to coenzymes. The acetyl group combines with oxaloacetate to form citrate, which undergoes successive transformations to isocitrate, 2-oxoglutarate, succinyl-CoA, succinate, fumarate, malate, and oxaloacetate again, thus completing the cycle. In eukaryotes the tricarboxylic acid is confined to the mitochondria. See also glyoxylate cycle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006810 transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051179 localization The directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) or cellular components (such as complexes and organelles) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, or within a multicellular organism by means of some agent such as a transporter, pore or motor protein. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006811 ion transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051179 localization The directed movement of charged atoms or small charged molecules into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006887 exocytosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016192 vesicle-mediated transport A process of secretion by a cell that results in the release of intracellular molecules (e.g. hormones, matrix proteins) contained within a membrane-bounded vesicle. Exocytosis can occur either by full fusion, when the vesicle collapses into the plasma membrane, or by a kiss-and-run mechanism that involves the formation of a transient contact, a pore, between a granule (for exemple of chromaffin cells) and the plasma membrane. The latter process most of the time leads to only partial secretion of the granule content. Exocytosis begins with steps that prepare vesicles for fusion with the membrane (tethering and docking) and ends when molecules are secreted from the cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006897 endocytosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016192 vesicle-mediated transport A vesicle-mediated transport process in which cells take up external materials or membrane constituents by the invagination of a small region of the plasma membrane to form a new membrane-bounded vesicle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006935 chemotaxis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008150 biological_process The directed movement of a motile cell or organism, or the directed growth of a cell guided by a specific chemical concentration gradient. Movement may be towards a higher concentration (positive chemotaxis) or towards a lower concentration (negative chemotaxis). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007268 chemical synaptic transmission http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009987 cellular process The vesicular release of classical neurotransmitter molecules from a presynapse, across a chemical synapse, the subsequent activation of neurotransmitter receptors at the postsynapse of a target cell (neuron, muscle, or secretory cell) and the effects of this activation on the postsynaptic membrane potential and ionic composition of the postsynaptic cytosol. This process encompasses both spontaneous and evoked release of neurotransmitter and all parts of synaptic vesicle exocytosis. Evoked transmission starts with the arrival of an action potential at the presynapse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008021 synaptic vesicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043226 organelle A secretory organelle, typically 50 nm in diameter, of presynaptic nerve terminals; accumulates in high concentrations of neurotransmitters and secretes these into the synaptic cleft by fusion with the 'active zone' of the presynaptic plasma membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008152 metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008150 biological_process The chemical reactions and pathways, including anabolism and catabolism, by which living organisms transform chemical substances. Metabolic processes typically transform small molecules, but also include macromolecular processes such as DNA repair and replication, and protein synthesis and degradation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016020 membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110165 cellular anatomical entity A lipid bilayer along with all the proteins and protein complexes embedded in it an attached to it. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016192 vesicle-mediated transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009987 cellular process A cellular transport process in which transported substances are moved in membrane-bounded vesicles; transported substances are enclosed in the vesicle lumen or located in the vesicle membrane. The process begins with a step that directs a substance to the forming vesicle, and includes vesicle budding and coating. Vesicles are then targeted to, and fuse with, an acceptor membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016310 phosphorylation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009987 cellular process The process of introducing a phosphate group into a molecule, usually with the formation of a phosphoric ester, a phosphoric anhydride or a phosphoric amide. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016311 dephosphorylation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009987 cellular process The process of removing one or more phosphoric (ester or anhydride) residues from a molecule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016925 protein sumoylation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009987 cellular process The process in which a SUMO protein (small ubiquitin-related modifier) is conjugated to a target protein via an isopeptide bond between the carboxy-terminus of SUMO with an epsilon-amino group of a lysine residue of the target protein. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0018377 protein myristoylation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044237 cellular metabolic process The covalent attachment of a myristoyl group to a protein. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0019722 calcium-mediated signaling http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007165 signal transduction Any intracellular signal transduction in which the signal is passed on within the cell via calcium ions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022610 biological adhesion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008150 biological_process The attachment of a cell or organism to a substrate, another cell, or other organism. Biological adhesion includes intracellular attachment between membrane regions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030054 cell junction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110165 cellular anatomical entity A cellular component that forms a specialized region of connection between two or more cells, or between a cell and the extracellular matrix, or between two membrane-bound components of a cell, such as flagella. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030312 external encapsulating structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110165 cellular anatomical entity A structure that lies outside the plasma membrane and surrounds the entire cell or cells. This does not include the periplasmic space. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031012 extracellular matrix http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030312 external encapsulating structure A structure lying external to one or more cells, which provides structural support, biochemical or biomechanical cues for cells or tissues. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031965 nuclear membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031090 organelle membrane Either of the lipid bilayers that surround the nucleus and form the nuclear envelope; excludes the intermembrane space. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031966 mitochondrial membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031090 organelle membrane Either of the lipid bilayers that surround the mitochondrion and form the mitochondrial envelope. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032259 methylation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008152 metabolic process The process in which a methyl group is covalently attached to a molecule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0036211 protein modification process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008152 metabolic process The covalent alteration of one or more amino acids occurring in proteins, peptides and nascent polypeptides (co-translational, post-translational modifications). Includes the modification of charged tRNAs that are destined to occur in a protein (pre-translation modification). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0038179 neurotrophin signaling pathway http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PW_0000001 pathway A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of a neurotrophin to a receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. Neurotrophins are a family of secreted growth factors that induce the survival, development, and function of neurons. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043005 neuron projection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042995 cell projection A prolongation or process extending from a nerve cell, e.g. an axon or dendrite. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0046930 pore complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098796 membrane protein complex A protein complex providing a discrete opening in a membrane that allows the passage of gases and/or liquids. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0050896 response to stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008150 biological_process Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus. The process begins with detection of the stimulus and ends with a change in state or activity or the cell or organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051169 nuclear transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009987 cellular process The directed movement of substances into, out of, or within the nucleus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051923 sulfation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044237 cellular metabolic process The addition of a sulfate group to a molecule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0055085 transmembrane transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051179 localization The process in which a solute is transported across a lipid bilayer, from one side of a membrane to the other. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070382 exocytic vesicle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043226 organelle A transport vesicle that mediates transport from an intracellular compartment to the plasma membrane, and fuses with the plasma membrane to release various cargo molecules, such as proteins or hormones, by exocytosis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070988 demethylation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008152 metabolic process The process of removing one or more methyl groups from a molecule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071805 potassium ion transmembrane transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006811 ion transport A process in which a potassium ion is transported from one side of a membrane to the other. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098930 axonal transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009987 cellular process The directed movement of organelles or molecules along microtubules in axons. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099080 supramolecular complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110165 cellular anatomical entity A cellular component that consists of an indeterminate number of proteins or macromolecular complexes, organized into a regular, higher-order structure such as a polymer, sheet, network or a fiber. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1904659 glucose transmembrane transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0055085 transmembrane transport The process in which glucose is transported across a membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0065007 biological regulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008150 biological_process Any process that modulates a measurable attribute of any biological process, quality or function. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_131567 cellular organisms http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_1 root A cellular organism is an organism that contains one or more cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_2759 Eukaryota http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_131567 cellular organisms One of the three domains of life (the others being bacteria and archea), also called Eukarya. These are organisms whose cells are enclosed in membranes and possess a nucleus. They comprise almost all multicellular and many unicellular organisms, and are traditionally divided into groups (sometimes called kingdoms) including Animals; plants; fungi; and various algae and other taxa that were previously part of the old kingdom Protista. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_40674 Mammalia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7742 Vertebrata Warm-blooded vertebrate animals belonging to the class Mammalia, including all that possess hair and suckle their young. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7742 Vertebrata http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_2759 Eukaryota Animals having a vertebral column, members of the phylum Chordata, subphylum Craniata comprising mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, and fishes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000045 ganglion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010001 cell cluster organ A biological tissue mass, most commonly a mass of nerve cell bodies. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000061 anatomical structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000465 material anatomical entity Material anatomical entity that is a single connected structure with inherent 3D shape generated by coordinated expression of the organism's own genome. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000062 organ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010000 multicellular anatomical structure Anatomical structure that performs a specific function or group of functions [WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000064 organ part http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010000 multicellular anatomical structure A multicellular structure that is a part of an organ. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000073 regional part of nervous system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000481 multi-tissue structure Any part or collection of parts of the central or peripheral nervous system. Parts may span both CNS and PNS. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000120 blood brain barrier http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000061 anatomical structure Cell layer consisting of lining cells that separates the central nervous system and the bloodstream. The BBB may consist of endothelial cells or glial cells. An endothelial barrier may have arisen independently several times during evolution. In bichir and lungfish the barrier is formed by brain endothelial cells, while in sturgeon it is formed by a complex perivascular glial sheath, but with no detectable tight junctions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000122 neuron projection bundle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005162 multi cell part structure A fasciculated bundle of neuron projections (GO:0043005), largely or completely lacking synapses. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000125 neural nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011215 central nervous system cell part cluster A spatially aggregated collection of nerve cell bodies in the CNS, consisting of one or more subpopulations that share cell type, chemical phenotype, and connections, and including nearby cells that share the same cell type, chemical phenotype, and connections. (CUMBO). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000200 gyrus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034768 morphological feature A ridge on the cerebral cortex. It is generally surrounded by one or more sulci . http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000353 parenchyma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000061 anatomical structure functional part of an organ in the body. This is in contrast to the stroma, which refers to the structural tissue of organs, being exactly, connective tissues. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000451 prefrontal cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010314 structure with developmental contribution from neural crest The anterior part of the frontal lobes of the brain, lying in front of the motor and premotor areas.nnThis brain region has been implicated in planning complex cognitive behaviors, personality expression, decision making and moderating correct social behavior. The basic activity of this brain region is considered to be orchestration of thoughts and actions in accordance with internal goals.nnThe most typical psychological term for functions carried out by the pre-frontal cortex area is executive function. Executive function relates to abilities to differentiate among conflicting thoughts, determine good and bad, better and best, same and different, future consequences of current activities, working toward a defined goal, prediction of outcomes, expectation based on actions, and social 'control' (the ability to suppress urges that, if not suppressed, could lead to socially-unacceptable outcomes).nnMany authors have indicated an integral link between a person's personality and the functions of the prefrontal cortex. - definition adapted from Wikipedia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000463 organism substance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000465 material anatomical entity Material anatomical entity in a gaseous, liquid, semisolid or solid state; produced by anatomical structures or derived from inhaled and ingested substances that have been modified by anatomical structures as they pass through the body. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000464 anatomical space http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000466 immaterial anatomical entity Non-material anatomical entity of three dimensions, that is generated by morphogenetic or other physiologic processes; is surrounded by one or more anatomical structures; contains one or more organism substances or anatomical structures. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000465 material anatomical entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001062 anatomical entity Anatomical entity that has mass. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000466 immaterial anatomical entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001062 anatomical entity Anatomical entity that has no mass. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000477 anatomical cluster http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001062 anatomical entity Anatomical group that has its parts adjacent to one another. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000479 tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010000 multicellular anatomical structure Multicellular anatomical structure that consists of many cells of one or a few types, arranged in an extracellular matrix such that their long-range organisation is at least partly a repetition of their short-range organisation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000481 multi-tissue structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010000 multicellular anatomical structure Anatomical structure that has as its parts two or more portions of tissue of at least two different types and which through specific morphogenetic processes forms a single distinct structural unit demarcated by bona-fide boundaries from other distinct structural units of different types. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000483 epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000479 tissue Portion of tissue, that consists of one or more layers of epithelial cells connected to each other by cell junctions and which is underlain by a basal lamina. Examples: simple squamous epithelium, glandular cuboidal epithelium, transitional epithelium, myoepithelium[CARO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000487 simple squamous epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006914 squamous epithelium Unilaminar epithelium which consists of a single layer of squamous cells. Examples: pulmonary alveolar epithelium, endothelium.[FMA]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000489 cavitated compound organ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003103 compound organ Compound organ that contains one or more macroscopic anatomical spaces. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000490 unilaminar epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000483 epithelium Epithelium which consists of a single layer of epithelial cells. Examples: endothelium, mesothelium, glandular squamous epithelium.[FMA]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000956 cerebral cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016548 central nervous system gray matter layer The thin layer of gray matter on the surface of the cerebral hemisphere that develops from the telencephalon. It consists of the neocortex (6 layered cortex or isocortex), the hippocampal formation and the olfactory cortex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001018 axon tract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011215 central nervous system cell part cluster A group of axons linking two or more neuropils and having a common origin, termination[FBbt]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001062 anatomical entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000040 material entity Biological entity that is either an individual member of a biological species or constitutes the structural organization of an individual member of a biological species. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001277 intestinal epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000061 anatomical structure Epithelial layer that lines the intestine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001359 cerebrospinal fluid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010000 multicellular anatomical structure A clear, colorless, bodily fluid, that occupies the subarachnoid space and the ventricular system around and inside the brain and spinal cord. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001851 cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000064 organ part Outermost layer of an organ[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001876 amygdala http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005401 cerebral hemisphere gray matter Subcortical brain region lying anterior to the hippocampal formation in the temporal lobe and anterior to the temporal horn of the lateral ventricle in some species. It is usually subdivided into several groups. Functionally, it is not considered a unitary structure (MM). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001926 lateral geniculate body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002020 gray matter the group of neurons that serve as the primary processor of visual information received from the retina via the optic tract and send processed information to the visual cortex of the occipital lobe http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001950 neocortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010314 structure with developmental contribution from neural crest An area of cerebral cortex defined on the basis of cytoarchitecture that have six layers. Starting from the cortical surface the layers are: molecular layer (I), external granular layer (II), external pyramidal layer (III), internal granular layer (IV), internal pyramidal layer (V), and multiform layer (VI). Neocortex is most prominent in the frontal lobe, the parietal lobe, the temporal lobe and the occipital lobe, less so in the cingulate gyrus, the parahippocampal gyrus and the insula. It is composed of two subdivisions: true isocortex and proisocortex (Carpenter-83)(NN). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001986 endothelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012275 meso-epithelium A layer of epithelium that lines the heart, blood vessels (endothelium, vascular), lymph vessels (endothelium, lymphatic), and the serous cavities of the body[MESH]. Simple squamous epithelium which lines blood and lymphatic vessels and the heart[FMA]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002020 gray matter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011215 central nervous system cell part cluster A nervous system structure composed primarily of nerve cell bodies (somas). May also include dendrites and the initial unmyelinated portion of axons. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002038 substantia nigra http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009661 midbrain nucleus Predominantly gray matter midbrain structure lying dorsal to the crus cerebri and ventral to the midbrain tegmentum. It is divided into a dorsal, cellularly compact region known as the pars compacta and a more ventrally located, containing more loosely packed cells, the pars reticulata. The most lateral region of the reticulata is identified as the pars lateralis (MM). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002148 locus ceruleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009662 hindbrain nucleus The locus ceruleus is a dense cluster of neurons within the dorsorostral pons. This nucleus is the major location of neurons that release norepinephrine throughout the brain, and is responsible for physiological responses to stress and panic[GO]. Bluish region in the superior angle of the fourth ventricle floor, corresponding to melanin-like pigmented nerve cells which lie lateral to the ponto-mesencephalic central gray (griseum centrale). It is also known as nucleus pigmentosus pontis[GAID]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002304 layer of dentate gyrus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0022303 nervous system cell part layer One of the three layers of the dentate gyrus of the hippocampal formation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002308 nucleus of brain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000125 neural nucleus A neural nucleus that is part of the brain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002316 white matter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011215 central nervous system cell part cluster Neural tissue consisting of myelinated axons connecting grey matter areas of the central nervous system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002421 hippocampal formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010314 structure with developmental contribution from neural crest Hippocampus (proper) plus dentate gyrus and subiculum[definition derived from NIF comments and ontology alignment]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002435 striatum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011300 gray matter of telencephalon A region of the forebrain consisting of the caudate nucleus, putamen and fundus striati.[GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002600 limbic lobe http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016526 lobe of cerebral hemisphere Part of cerebral hemisphere located on the medial surface, forming a ring around the brain stem. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002616 regional part of brain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure Anatomical divisons of the brain according to one or more criteria, e.g. cytoarchitectural, gross anatomy. Parts may be contiguous in 3D or not, e.g., basal ganglia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002728 entorhinal cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010314 structure with developmental contribution from neural crest Component of the temporal lobe on the mesial surface. The rostral and caudal boundaries of the entorhinal cortex are the rostral end of the collateral sulcus and the caudal end of the amygdala respectively. The medial boundary is the medial aspect of the temporal lobe and the lateral boundary is the collateral sulcus. (DK). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002751 inferior temporal gyrus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000200 gyrus Component of the temporal lobe, lateral aspect. The rostral boundary is the rostral extent of the inferior temporal sulcus whereas the caudal boundary is designated as the temporo-occipital incisure on the cortical surface. The occipitotemporal sulcus is the medial boundary and the inferior temporal sulcus is the lateral boundary (Christine Fennema-Notestine). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003027 cingulate cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010314 structure with developmental contribution from neural crest The cingulate cortex is a part of the brain situated in the medial aspect of the cortex. It is extended from the corpus callosum below to the cingulate sulcus above, at least anteriorly. [WP,unvetted]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003103 compound organ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000062 organ Anatomical structure that has as its parts two or more multi-tissue structures of at least two different types and which through specific morphogenetic processes forms a single distinct structural unit demarcated by bona fide boundaries from other distinct anatomical structures of different types. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003528 brain gray matter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002020 gray matter A gray matter that is part of a brain [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003876 hippocampal field http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010314 structure with developmental contribution from neural crest a part or parts of the hippocampus that have a particular function http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003909 sinusoid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001062 anatomical entity small blood vessel similar to a capillary but with a fenestrated endothelium. Sinusoids are found in the liver, lymphoid tissue, endocrine organs, and hematopoietic organs such as the bone marrow and the spleen. Sinusoids found within terminal villi of the placenta are not comparable to these; they possess a continuous endothelium and complete basal lamina[WP]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003947 brain ventricle/choroid plexus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010000 multicellular anatomical structure The brain ventricles or their associated choroid plexuses http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000061 anatomical structure An anatomical structure that develops (entirely or partially) from the mesoderm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004121 ectoderm-derived structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000061 anatomical structure An anatomical structure that develops (entirely or partially) from the ectoderm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004923 organ component layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000064 organ part A part of a wall of an organ that forms a layer. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005162 multi cell part structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001062 anatomical entity A structure consisting of multiple cell components but which is not itself a cell and does not have (complete) cells as a part. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005174 dorsal region element http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000062 organ An organ or element that part of the dorsum of the organism. Examples: spinal cord, vertebrae, muscles of back. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005358 ventricle of nervous system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FMA_82553 Ventricle A layer in the central nervous system that lines system of communicating cavities in the brain and spinal cord. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005401 cerebral hemisphere gray matter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011300 gray matter of telencephalon A gray matter that is part of a cerebral hemisphere. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006314 bodily fluid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000463 organism substance Liquid components of living organisms. includes fluids that are excreted or secreted from the body as well as body water that normally is not. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006331 brainstem nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002308 nucleus of brain A nucleus of brain that is part of a brainstem. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006914 squamous epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000483 epithelium An epithelium characterised by its most superficial layer consisting of squamous epithelial cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007245 nuclear complex of neuraxis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002020 gray matter Gray matter of the central nervous system which is a collection of clustered nuclei. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0007779 transudate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0006314 bodily fluid Any bodily fluid that has passed through a membrane such as the capillary wall, as a result of unbalanced hydrostatic and osmotic forces. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009661 midbrain nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002308 nucleus of brain Nucleus located in the midbrain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009662 hindbrain nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002308 nucleus of brain Nucleus located within the hindbrain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009834 dorsolateral prefrontal cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010314 structure with developmental contribution from neural crest The dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DL-PFC or DLPFC), according to a more restricted definition, is roughly equivalent to Brodmann areas 9 and 46.[1] According to a broader definition DL-PFC consists of the lateral portions of Brodmann areas 9 - 12, of areas 45, 46, and the superior part of area 47.[2] These regions mainly receive their blood supply from the middle cerebral artery. With respect to neurotransmitter systems, there is evidence that dopamine plays a particularly important role in DL-PFC.[2]DL-PFC is connected to the orbitofrontal cortex, and to a variety of brain areas, which include the thalamus, parts of the basal ganglia (the dorsal caudate nucleus), the hippocampus, and primary and secondary association areas of neocortex, including posterior temporal, parietal, and occipital areas. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010000 multicellular anatomical structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000061 anatomical structure An anatomical structure that has more than one cell as a part. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010001 cell cluster organ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034922 cell cluster A small cluster of cells of various types which form a discrete structure, largely delimited by a morphological boundary and whose components work together to make the whole structure capable of a specific function. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010314 structure with developmental contribution from neural crest http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000061 anatomical structure An anatomical structure that has some part that develops from the neural crest. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011215 central nervous system cell part cluster http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005162 multi cell part structure A multi cell part structure that is part of a central nervous system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011216 organ system subdivision http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010000 multicellular anatomical structure A subdivision of an anatomical system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0011300 gray matter of telencephalon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0019264 gray matter of forebrain A portion of gray matter that is part of a telencephalon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0012275 meso-epithelium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004120 mesoderm-derived structure Epithelium that derives from the mesoderm. [Automatically generated definition]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0013529 Brodmann area http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010314 structure with developmental contribution from neural crest A segmentation of the cerebral cortex on the basis of cytoarchitecture as described in Brodmann-1905, Brodmann-1909 and Brodmann-10. Maps for several species were presented. NeuroNames includes only areas in the human and in Old World monkeys. Of the latter, Brodmann studied representatives of several species including guenons (one Cercopithecus mona, one Cercocebus torquatus, and one Cercopithecus otherwise unspecified), which are all closely related African species, and one macaque (Macaca mulatta) an Asian species (Brodmann-1905). The legend to the summary map in Brodmann-1909 ascribes the areas simply to Cercopithecus. Brodmann referenced the areas by name and number. The same area number in humans and monkeys did not necessarily refer to topologically or cytoarchitecturally homologous structures. In NeuroNames the standard term for human areas consists of the English translation of Brodmann's Latin name followed by the number he assigned, e.g., agranular frontal area 6; the standard terms for monkey areas are in the format: area 6 of Brodmann-1909. He mapped a portion of areas limited to the banks of sulci, e.g., area 3 of Brodmann-1909 (Brodmann-1909) onto the adjacent, visible surface. This accounts for the fact that some areas appear larger on his surface map than on maps of other authors, e.g., area 3 of Vogts-1919. (Adapted from NeuroNames) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0015212 lateral structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000061 anatomical structure Any structure that is placed on one side of the left-right axis of a bilaterian. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016526 lobe of cerebral hemisphere http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010314 structure with developmental contribution from neural crest Subdivision of telencephalon which is one of a number of subdivisions of each hemisphere separated by both real landmarks (sulci and fissures) and arbitrary boundaries[FMA,modified]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016529 cortex of cerebral lobe http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005401 cerebral hemisphere gray matter Grey matter neocortex region of a lobe of the cerebral hemisphere. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016548 central nervous system gray matter layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0022303 nervous system cell part layer A layer of of the central nervous system that is part of gray matter. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0022303 nervous system cell part layer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005162 multi cell part structure Single layer of a laminar structure, identified by different density, arrangement or size of cells and processes arranged in flattened layers or lamina[CUMBO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0022353 posterior cingulate cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010314 structure with developmental contribution from neural crest Component of the cingulate cortex. The rostral and caudal extent were the caudal anterior and the isthmus divisions of the cingulate cortex respectively. The medial and lateral boundaries were the corpus callosum and as the superior frontal gyrus and/or paracentral lobule respectively (Christine Fennema-Notestine). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034768 morphological feature http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000061 anatomical structure A part of an organism or organ that is continuous with its surroundings and distinguished from its surroundings based on morphology. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034922 cell cluster http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010000 multicellular anatomical structure A cluster of cells, largely surrounded by a morphological boundary. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000004168 amyloid-beta precursor protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that is a translation product of the human APP gene or a 1:1 ortholog thereof. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000021998 neurotrophin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that is a neurotrophic polypeptide factor that regulates neuronal differentiation and is essential for neuronal survival, neurite growth and plasticity. It contains a signal peptide, a propeptide, and a C-terminal Nerve growth factor family (Pfam:PF00243) domain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGMS_0000060 bodily process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000015 process A process in which at least one bodily component of an organsim participates. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGMS_0000061 pathological bodily process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGMS_0000060 bodily process A bodily process that is clinically abnormal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BTO_0001481 plant http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000040 material entity Any of a kingdom (Plantae) of living things typically lacking locomotive movement or obvious nervous or sensory organs and possessing cellulose cell walls. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/STATO_0000182 odds ratio http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/STATO_0000184 ratio Odds ratio is a ratio that measures effect size, that is the strength of association between 2 dichotomous variables, one describing an exposure and one describing an outcome. It represents the odds that an outcome will occur given a particular exposure, compared to the odds of the outcome occurring in the absence of that exposure ( the probability of the event occuring divided by the probability of an event not occurring). The odds ratio is a ratio of describing the strength of association or non-independence between two binary data values by forming the ratio of the odds for the first group and the odds for the second group. Odds ratio are used when one wants to compare the odds of something occurring to two different groups. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/STATO_0000184 ratio http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000030 information content entity A ratio is a data item which is formed with two numbers r and s is written r/s, where r is the numerator and s is the denominator. The ratio of r to s is equivalent to the quotient r/s. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000462 symptom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000017 realizable entity A symptom is a perceived change in function, sensation, loss, disturbance or appearance reported by a patient indicative of a disease. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GENO_0000047 danio rerio gene http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_0000000002 gene A gene that originates from the genome of a danio rerio. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GENO_0000492 mutation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000016 disposition A sequence alteration that is very rare allele in a population (typically <1%), or an experimentally-induced variation that derives from a wild-type feature in a given strain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000313 behavior process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGMS_0000060 bodily process "The action, reaction, or performance of an organism in response to external or internal stimuli." [GO:GO\:0007610] http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PW_0000001 pathway http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007165 signal transduction A pathway is a set of inter-connected reactions and interactions whose delineation and scope are used as a model for exploring and studying, describing and understanding the working of and relationships between biomolecules within a context. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PW_0000008 Wnt signaling pathway http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PW_0000001 pathway The secreted glycoproteins of the Wnt family regulate a wide spectrum of developmental processes and they are also playing important roles in the adult organism. Deregulation of Wnt cascades has oncogenic effects and is responsible for tumorigenesis in adults. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PW_0000143 insulin signaling pathway http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PW_0000001 pathway Insulin, the peptide hormone, secreted by the pancreatic beta cells, plays essential roles in glucose and energy homeostasis. Insulin signaling activates two main intracellular pathways to regulate carbohydrate and fat metabolism and to prompt glucose absorption in insulin sensitive tissues such as skeletal muscle and adipocytes. Deregulation of the pathway has been associated with a number of conditions, primarily diabetes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PW_0000180 mTOR signaling pathway http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PW_0000001 pathway mTOR signaling pathway regulates cellular processes such as translation, ribosome biogenesis, cell growth and autophagy and is regulated or responds to growth factors, energy metabolites and/or levels of nutrients. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PW_0002425 synaptic vesicle exocytosis pathway http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PW_0000001 pathway The release pathway of neurotransmitter filled synaptic vesicles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/REX_0000120 active transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009987 cellular process The carriage of a solute across a biological membrane from low to high concentration which requires the expenditure of (metabolic) energy. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/STATO_0000089 case-control study design http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0500000 study design a case-control study design is a observation study design which assess the risk of particular outcome (a trait or a disease) associated with an event (either an exposure or endogenous factor). A case-control study design therefore declares an exposure variable which is dichotomous in nature (exposed/non-exposed) and an outcome variable, which is also dichotomous (case or control), thus giving the name to the design. During the execution of the design, a case control study defines a population and counts the events to determine their frequency. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BTO_0001976 Neuro-2a cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BTO_0000932 neuroblastoma cell line Mus musculus (mouse) brain neuroblastoma cell line. Clone Neuro-2a was established by R.J. Klebe and F.H. Ruddle from a spontaneous tumor of a strain A albino mouse. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ExO_0000151 Mexican-American http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ExO_0000109 race Denotes an american citizen of Mexican descent. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C106697 Geriatric Depression Scale Questionnaire http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C91105 Clinical or Research Assessment Questionnaire A standardized rating scale developed by Yesavage et al in 1983, which is a self-report assessment used to identify depression in older adults. The questionnaire contains 30 items. All questions are answered 'yes' or 'no'. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C106888 Alzheimer's Disease Cooperative Study-Activities of Daily Living Inventory Mild Cognitive Impairment Questionnaire http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C91105 Clinical or Research Assessment Questionnaire A standardized questionnaire developed by Galasko et al in 1997 as part of the Alzheimer's disease cooperative study, which is used to measure the performance of activities of daily living by patients diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease, exhibiting evidence of mild cognitive impairment (MCI). The questionnaire contains 24 items (and a number of sub-items within the 24 main items) with a range of preset answers that are assigned points based on performance. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C16518 DNA Binding Protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein Proteins that non-covalently interact with deoxyribonucleic acid as a result of intermolecular physical forces and spatial complementarity. Many genetic regulatory DNA binding proteins bind to double- or single-stranded DNA in a sequence-specific manner and share common structural motifs such as the zinc-finger, helix-turn-helix, and leucine zipper. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C1746 Peptide Hormone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein Small proteins that function as hormonal signals, synthesized and secreted by one tissue or organ with physiological effects on other tissues or organs. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C18520 Metabolic Marker http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OPMI_0000445 biomarker Specific metabolic changes that characterize an organism's state of health or disease, or response to a particular therapeutic intervention, and helps make diagnosis more accurate or enable physicians to make diagnosis before symptoms appear and to track disease progression. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C20130 Protein Family http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein Collection of proteins that are evolutionarily related. This is reflected in the structural and functional similarities as well as in the extent of sequence conservation or residue identity. (from SCOP) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C20424 Growth Factor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000040 material entity Growth Factors are extracellular signaling molecules (ligands) involved in control of target cell proliferation, cell survival, and cell differentiation. (NCI) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C1192 Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33304 chalcogen molecular entity A phospholipid that is a component of the plasma membrane with signal transduction inducing activity. Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PIP2) is an intermediate that can be converted into either the second messenger signaling molecules, inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) and diacylglycerol (DAG), or phosphatidylinositol (3,4,5)-trisphosphate (PtdIns(3,4,5)P3; PIP3). Both PIP2 and PIP3 can act as docking phospholipids, which recruit signaling proteins to the plasma membrane and promotes the activation of several signaling cascades. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C120257 California Verbal Learning Test - Second Edition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C20993 Research or Clinical Assessment Tool The second version of California Verbal Learning Test, a neuropsychological test developed to make a comprehensive and detailed assessment of verbal learning and memory in individuals ranging in age from 16 to 89 years. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C70840 Blinded Clinical Study http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C15206 Clinical Study A clinical study that is designed using a procedure in which one or more parties to the study [subject(s), investigator(s), monitor, or/and data analyst(s)] are kept unaware of the treatment assignment(s). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C86983 NINCDS-ADRDA Criteria for Alzheimer's Disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C117960 Diagnostic Criteria Criteria for the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease (AD), proposed in 1984 by the National Institute of Neurological and Communicative Disorders (NINCDS) and the Stroke-Alzheimer's Disease and Related Disorders Association (ADRDA, now the Alzheimer's Association). The criteria state that existing cognitive impairment may be considered possible or probable AD by neuropsychological testing but definitive diagnosis requires histopathologic confirmation. They specify eight cognitive domains that may be impaired in AD: memory, language, perceptual skills, attention, constructive abilities, orientation, problem solving, and functional abilities. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C88419 Executive Function http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MF_0000020 mental process A set of mental processes that controls and manages the cognitive functions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C143955 Blood Inflammatory Marker http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OPMI_0000446 immune biomarker A substance detectable in the blood that can be used to assess levels of inflammation in the body. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_142593 4-hydroxynonenal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36357 polyatomic entity A monounsaturated fatty aldehyde that is nonanal that has undergone dehydrogenation to introduce a double bond at any position in the aliphatic chain and in which a hydrogen at position 4 has been replaced by a hydroxy group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_0080832 mild cognitive impairment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_1561 cognitive disorder A cognitive disorder that is characterized by objective impairment in cognition with minimal impairment of their capacity to undertake the instrumental activities of daily living. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C174447 Study Arm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0500000 study design A planned pathway assigned to the subject as they progress through the study, usually referred to by a name that reflects one or more treatments, exposures, and/or controls included in the path. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_15346 coenzyme A http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35701 ester A thiol comprising a panthothenate unit in phosphoric anhydride linkage with a 3',5'-adenosine diphosphate unit; and an aminoethanethiol unit. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_15377 water http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36357 polyatomic entity An oxygen hydride consisting of an oxygen atom that is covalently bonded to two hydrogen atoms. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_15380 succinyl-CoA http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35352 organonitrogen compound An omega-carboxyacyl-CoA having succinoyl as the S-acyl component. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_15440 squalene http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33296 alkali metal molecular entity A triterpene consisting of 2,6,10,15,19,23-hexamethyltetracosane having six double bonds at the 2-, 6-, 10-, 14-, 18- and 22-positions with (all-E)-configuration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17478 aldehyde http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36357 polyatomic entity A compound RC(=O)H, in which a carbonyl group is bonded to one hydrogen atom and to one R group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25029 leukotriene http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_18059 lipid Any icosanoid from that family of C20 polyunsaturated fatty acids and their derivatives generated by leukocytes from arachidonic acid, each member having four double bonds of which three are conjugated. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37555 omega-carboxyacyl-CoA http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17984 acyl-CoA An acyl-CoA that results from the formal condensation of the thiol group of coenzyme A with one of the carboxy groups of any alpha,omega-dicarboxylic acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_51277 thioester http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26959 thiocarboxylic ester A compound of general formula RC(=O)SR'. Compare with thionoester, RC(=S)OR'. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_15345 acetoacetyl-CoA http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35701 ester A 3-oxoacyl-CoA that results from the formal condensation of the thiol group of coenzyme A with the carboxy group of acetoacetic acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_20060 3-hydroxy fatty acyl-CoA http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_61902 hydroxy fatty acyl-CoA A hydroxy fatty acyl-CoA that results from the formal condensation of the thiol group of coenzyme A with the carboxy group of any 3-hydroxy fatty acid. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_4784 enalapril http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35352 organonitrogen compound A dicarboxylic acid monoester that is ethyl 4-phenylbutanoate in which a hydrogen alpha to the carboxy group is substituted by the amino group of L-alanyl-L-proline (S-configuration). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_64583 sphingomyelin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35701 ester Any of a class of phospholipids in which the amino group of a sphingoid base is in amide linkage with one of several fatty acids, while the terminal hydroxy group of the sphingoid base is esterified to phosphorylcholine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16113 cholesterol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_18059 lipid A cholestanoid consisting of cholestane having a double bond at the 5,6-position as well as a 3beta-hydroxy group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16584 isopentenyl diphosphate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35701 ester A prenol phosphate comprising 3-methylbut-3-en-1-ol having an O-diphosphate substituent. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26208 polyunsaturated fatty acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35366 fatty acid Any fatty acid containing more than one double bond. Acids in this group are reported to have cardioprotective effects; and levels are lowered in chronic fatigue syndrome. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_48706 antagonist http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_52210 pharmacological role Substance that attaches to and blocks cell receptors that normally bind naturally occurring substances. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26959 thiocarboxylic ester http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35701 ester An ester in which one or both oxygens of an ester group have been replaced by divalent sulfur. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33234 vitamin E http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33582 carbon group molecular entity Any member of a group of fat-soluble chromanols that exhibit biological activity against vitamin E deficiency. The vitamers in this class consists of a chroman-6-ol core which is substituted at position 2 by a methyl group and (also at position 2) either a saturated or a triply-unsaturated hydrocarbon chain consisting of three isoprenoid units. The major function of vitamin E is to act as a natural antioxidant by scavenging free radicals and molecular oxygen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33672 heterobicyclic compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33636 bicyclic compound A bicyclic compound in which at least one of the rings contains at least one skeletal heteroatom. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36005 docosahexaenoic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35366 fatty acid Any C22 polyunsaturated fatty acid containing six double bonds. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_506227 N-acetyl-D-glucosamine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33582 carbon group molecular entity The D isomer of N-acetylglucosamine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_34706 ergoloid mesylate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33261 organosulfur compound A mixture of hydrogenated ergot alkaloids consisting of the methanesulfonic acid salts of dihydroergocornine (R = CHMe2), dihydroergocristine (R = CH2Ph), and alpha- and beta-dihydroergocryptine (R = CH2CHMe2 and CH(Me)Et, respectively). It is used for the symptomatic treatment of mild to moderate dementia in the elderly, although its value is not established. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_3558 cerivastatin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_87631 statin (3R,5S)-3,5-dihydroxyhept-6-enoic acid in which the (7E)-hydrogen is substituted by a 4-(4-fluorophenyl)-2,6-diisopropyl-5-(methoxymethyl)pyridin-3-yl group. Formerly used (as its sodium salt) to lower cholesterol and prevent cardiovascular disease, it was withdrawn from the market worldwide in 2001 following reports of a severe form of muscle toxicity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_3647 chlorpromazine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35352 organonitrogen compound A substituted phenothiazine in which the ring nitrogen at position 10 is attached to C-3 of an N,N-dimethylpropanamine moiety. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36791 escitalopram http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33582 carbon group molecular entity A 1-[3-(dimethylamino)propyl]-1-(4-fluorophenyl)-1,3-dihydro-2-benzofuran-5-carbonitrile that has S-configuration at the chiral centre. It is the active enantiomer of citalopram. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_41423 celecoxib http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17792 organohalogen compound A member of the class of pyrazoles that is 1H-pyrazole which is substituted at positions 1, 3 and 5 by 4-sulfamoylphenyl, trifluoromethyl and p-tolyl groups, respectively. A cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitor, it is used in the treatment of arthritis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_4710 doxepin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35352 organonitrogen compound A dibenzooxepine that is 6,11-dihydrodibenzo[b,e]oxepine substituted by a 3-(dimethylamino)propylidene group at position 11. It is used as an antidepressant drug. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_5004 fenoprofen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33582 carbon group molecular entity A monocarboxylic acid that is propanoic acid in which one of the hydrogens at position 2 is substituted by a 3-phenoxyphenyl group. A non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, the dihydrate form of the calcium salt is used for the management of mild to moderate pain and for the relief of pain and inflammation associated with disorders such as arthritis. It is pharmacologically similar to aspirin, but causes less gastrointestinal bleeding. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_52210 pharmacological role http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24432 biological role A biological role which describes how a drug interacts within a biological system and how the interactions affect its medicinal properties. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_64312 memantine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MAXO_0000644 molecular pathway modifying agent therapy A primary aliphatic amine that is the 3,5-dimethyl derivative of 1-aminoadamantane. A low to moderate affinity uncompetitive (open-channel); NMDA receptor antagonist which binds preferentially to the NMDA receptor-operated cation channels. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_8028 perphenazine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17792 organohalogen compound A phenothiazine derivative in which the phenothiazine tricycle carries a chloro substituent at the 2-position and a 3-[4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazin-1-yl]propyl group at N-10. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_8435 prochlorperazine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35352 organonitrogen compound A member of the class of phenothiazines that is 10H-phenothiazine having a chloro substituent at the 2-position and a 3-(4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)propyl group at the N-10 position. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_9738 trimipramine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35352 organonitrogen compound A dibenzoazepine that is 10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[b,f]azepine substituted by a 3-(dimethylamino)-2-methylpropyl group at the nitrogen atom. It is used as an antidepressant. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_5613 haloperidol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35476 antipsychotic agent A compound composed of a central piperidine structure with hydroxy and p-chlorophenyl substituents at position 4 and an N-linked p-fluorobutyrophenone moiety. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_57589 O-acetyl-L-carnitine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_72695 organic molecule An O-acyl-L-carnitine where the acyl group specified is acetyl. It facilitates movement of acetyl-CoA into the matrices of mammalian mitochondria during the oxidation of fatty acids. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_6498 lipoxin A4 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24669 hydroxy carboxylic acid A C20 hydroxy fatty acid having (5S)-, (6R)- and (15S)-hydroxy groups as well as (7E)- (9E)-, (11Z)- and (13E)-double bonds. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_7936 paroxetine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35469 antidepressant A benzodioxole that consists of piperidine bearing 1,3-benzodioxol-5-yloxy)methyl and 4-fluorophenyl substituents at positions 3 and 4 respectively; the (3S,4R)-diastereomer. Highly potent and selective 5-HT uptake inhibitor that binds with high affinity to the serotonin transporter (Ki = 0.05 nM). Ki values are 1.1, 350 and 1100 nM for inhibition of [3H]-5-HT, [3H]-l-NA and [3H]-DA uptake respectively. Displays minimal affinity for alpha1-, alpha2- or beta-adrenoceptors, 5-HT2A, 5-HT1A, D2 or H1 receptors at concentrations below 1000 nM, however displays weak affinity for muscarinic ACh receptors (Ki = 42 nM). Antidepressant and anxiolytic in vivo. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_8874 rivastigmine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MAXO_0000210 cholinesterase inhibitor therapy A carbamate ester obtained by formal condensation of the carboxy group of ethyl(methyl)carbamic acid with the phenolic OH group of 3-[(1S)-1-(dimethylamino)ethyl]phenol. A reversible cholinesterase inhibitor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_9123 sertraline http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35352 organonitrogen compound A member of the class of tetralins that is tetralin which is substituted at positions 1 and 4 by a methylamino and a 3,4-dichlorophenyl group, respectively (the S,S diastereoisomer). A selective serotonin-reuptake inhibitor (SSRI), it is administered orally as the hydrochloride salt as an antidepressant for the treatment of depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder, panic disorder and post-traumatic stress disorder. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_9352 sulindac http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17792 organohalogen compound A monocarboxylic acid that is 1-benzylidene-1H-indene which is substituted at positions 2, 3, and 5 by methyl, carboxymethyl, and fluorine respectively, and in which the phenyl group of the benzylidene moiety is substituted at the para position by a methylsulfinyl group. It is a prodrug for the corresponding sulfide, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, used particularly in the treatment of acute and chronic inflammatory conditions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_7575 nimodipine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35701 ester A dihydropyridine that is 1,4-dihydropyridine which is substituted by methyl groups at positions 2 and 6, a (2-methoxyethoxy)carbonyl group at position 3, a m-nitrophenyl group at position 4, and an isopropoxycarbonyl group at position 5. An L-type calcium channel blocker, it acts particularly on cerebral circulation, and is used both orally and intravenously for the prevention and treatment of subarachnoid hemorrhage from ruptured intracranial aneurysm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_7640 nortriptyline http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35469 antidepressant An organic tricyclic compound that is 10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[a,d][7]annulene substituted by a 3-(methylamino)propylidene group at position 5. It is an active metabolite of amitriptyline. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_83531 moclobemide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35352 organonitrogen compound A member of the class of benzamides that is benzamide substituted by a chloro group at position 4 and a 2-(morpholin-4-yl)ethyl group at the nitrogen atom. It acts as a reversible monoamine oxidase inhibitor and is used in the treatment of depression. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_84123 advanced glycation end-product http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33304 chalcogen molecular entity Carbohydrate derivatives resulting from the non-enzymatic glycosylation of proteins. They result in cells becoming stiffer and more prone to damage and premature aging. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_8459 promazine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35352 organonitrogen compound A phenothiazine deriative in which the phenothiazine tricycle has a 3-(dimethylaminopropyl) group at the N-10 position. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_9649 trandolapril http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35352 organonitrogen compound A heterobicylic compound that is (2S,3aR,7aS)-1-[(2S)-2-aminopropanoyl]octahydro-1H-indole-2-carboxylic acid in which the hydrogen of the amino group is substituted by a (2R)-1-ethoxy-1-oxo-4-phenylbutan-2-yl group. It is a angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor and a prodrug used for the treatment of hypertension. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_9654 trazodone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35469 antidepressant An N-arylpiperazine in which one nitrogen is substituted by a 3-chlorophenyl group, while the other is substituted by a 3-(3-oxo[1,2,4]triazolo[4,3-a]pyridin-2(3H)-yl)propyl group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FMA_61775 Physical anatomical entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001062 anatomical entity Anatomical entity which has three or fewer spatial dimensions. Examples: hemoglobin molecule, mitochondrion, hepatocyte, erythrocyte, heart, head, blood, urine, peritoneal cavity, diaphragmatic surface of heart, inferior margin of liver, apex of lung. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FMA_61814 Neurite http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FMA_67304 Cell appendage Cell appendage of the neuron which includes the axon and the dendrite. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FMA_62913 Fibril http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110165 cellular anatomical entity General anatomical term which refers to component of a fiber, e.g. collagen fibril or myofibril. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FMA_67308 Axon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FMA_61814 Neurite Cell appendage of a neuron that consists of an axon hillock, an axon proper, axon collaterals and an axon terminal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FMA_67314 Dendrite http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FMA_61814 Neurite Cell appendage of a neuron that consists of the dendrite proper and the dendritic spines. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FMA_67619 Organ region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FMA_82472 Cardinal organ part Cardinal organ part which is a fiat subdivision of an organ. Examples: lingula of left lung, tail of pancreas, artery, trochanter, nodulus of semilunar valve, right side of heart, duodenum, fundus of stomach. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SO_0000167 promoter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_0000000002 gene A regulatory_region composed of the TSS(s) and binding sites for TF_complexes of the core transcription machinery. A region (DNA) to which RNA polymerase binds, to begin transcription. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MI_0210 hydroxylation reaction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MI_0414 enzymatic reaction Irreversible introduction of a hydroxyl group that can affect K,P,Y or R residues. Hydroxylation is the first step in the oxidative degeneration of organic compounds. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MI_0216 palmitoylation reaction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MI_0414 enzymatic reaction Covalent attachment of palmitic acid to the cysteine residues of membrane proteins. Reversible reaction that can affect C,K,T or S residues. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MI_0414 enzymatic reaction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009987 cellular process terms aiming to represent biochemical reactions referring to their resulting product modifications. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MI_0501 enzyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24432 biological role Molecule catalyzing a modification on its interacting partner. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MI_1140 decarboxylation reaction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MI_0414 enzymatic reaction Decarboxylation is a chemical reaction that releases carbon dioxide (CO2). Usually, decarboxylation refers to a reaction of carboxylic acids, removing a carbon atom from a carbon chain. Enzymes that catalyze decarboxylations are called decarboxylases or, the more formal term, carboxy-lyases (EC number 4.1.1). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MOD_00719 L-methionine sulfoxide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0036211 protein modification process A protein modification that oxygenates an L-methionine residue to one of the diastereomeric L-methionine sulfoxide residues. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BTO_0004477 medial temporal lobe http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000956 cerebral cortex The medial temporal lobes are near the Sagittal plane that divides left and right cerebral hemispheres and are thought to be involved in episodic, declarative memory. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C129326 Resting State Functional Connectivity Magnetic Resonance Imaging http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C16809 Magnetic Resonance Imaging A technique that monitors blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) signals to map brain regions that active while not performing any specific task. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C18153 Caspase http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MI_0501 enzyme Caspases are a family of intracellular cysteine proteinases involved in inflammation and apoptosis. These enzymes appear to be involved in the initial signaling events, as well as the downstream proteolytic cleavages, that result in apoptotic cell death. They are specific for aspartic acid at the P1 position and are divided into two classes based on the lengths of their N-terminal pro-domains. Caspases-1, -2, -4, -5, -8, and -10 have long pro-domains; caspases-3, -6, -7, and -9 have short pro-domains. (from Science 1998. 281:1312 and Br Med Bull 1997. 53:478) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PLANA_0002084 presynaptic terminal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005575 cellular_component Terminal inflated portion of the axon, containing the specialized apparatus necessary to release neurotransmitters. The axon terminus is considered to be the whole region of thickening and the terminal bouton is a specialized region of it. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ADO_0000001 cognitive symptom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000480 nervous system symptom Cognitive symptoms involve problems with concentration and memory and can be just as disabling as the other types of symptoms. The onset of cognitive symptoms is usually realised in the same way as negative symptoms in that they only begin to be noticeable after the dominance of psychotic episodes or positive symptoms have either been controlled with medication or diminished with age. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ADO_0000024 early sign http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGMS_0000024 sign A sign that arises in the early/preclinical stage of a disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ADO_0000025 Early-stage Alzheimer's Disease (mild) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0000278 disease stage A disease stage at which a person may function independently. He or she may still drive, work and be a part of social activities. Despite this, the person may feel as if he or she is having memory lapses, such as forgetting familiar words or the location of everyday objects. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ADO_0000032 Middle-stage Alzheimer's Disease (moderate) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0000278 disease stage A disease in the middle stage where the dementia symptoms are more pronounced. The person may confuse words, get frustrated or angry, and act in unexpected ways, such as refusing to bathe. Damage to nerve cells in the brain can also make it difficult for the person to express thoughts and perform routine tasks without assistance. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ADO_0000042 Late-stage Alzheimer's Disease(severe) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0000278 disease stage A disease at late stage where dementia symptoms are severe. Individuals lose the ability to respond to their environment, to carry on a conversation and, eventually, to control movement. They may still say words or phrases, but communicating pain becomes difficult. As memory and cognitive skills continue to worsen, significant personality changes may take place and individuals need extensive care. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ADO_0000048 preclinical stage of Alzheimer's disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_10652 Alzheimer's disease A disease stage of Alzheimer's disease that begins long before any symptoms become apparent. The symptoms go unnoticed by the patients and people around them and this stage can last for years, possibly even decades. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ADO_0000049 mild cognitive impairment due to Alzheimer's disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_10652 Alzheimer's disease A stage of Alzheimer's disease where symptoms appear such as concern regarding a change in cognition (raised either by the patient himself/herself or by an informant who knows the patient well), impairment in one or more cognitive domains, preservation of independence in functional abilities and other non-demented symptoms. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ADO_0000050 dementia due to Alzheimer's disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_10652 Alzheimer's disease A disease of which the patient at this stage suffer from memory loss, impaired ability to think, or making decisions that interferes with doing everyday activities. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ADO_0000051 concern regarding a change in cognition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000003 emotional behavior An emotion milder than worry raised by either the patient, or the informant who knows the patient well, or from a skilled clinician observing, about cognitive changes in the patient. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ADO_0000052 preservation of independence in functional abilities http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0019182 behavioral symptom A symptom that entails mild problems performing complex functional tasks which they used to perform previously, such as paying bills, preparing a meal, or shopping. The person requires more time, is less efficient, and makes more errors at performing such activities than in the past. Nevertheless, the person generally maintains their independence of function in daily life. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ADO_0000054 Free and Cued Selective Reminding Test http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C20993 Research or Clinical Assessment Tool A memory test that controls attention and acquisition, by providing category cues in the learning process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ADO_0000055 Boston Naming Test http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C20993 Research or Clinical Assessment Tool A measure of confrontation naming that takes into account the finding that patients with dysnomia often have greater difficulties with the naming of low frequency objects and consists of 60 black and white line drawings of objects http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ADO_0000056 category and letter verbal fluency test http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C20993 Research or Clinical Assessment Tool A short screening test that evaluates language skills and it consists of Semantic verbal Fluency Tests (SFT) and Categorical verbal Fluency Tests (CFT). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ADO_0000057 informal cognitive testing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C20993 Research or Clinical Assessment Tool A testing tool that uses a variety of simple and informal techniques, performed by clinicians. For example, the clinician can ask a patient to learn a street address and to recall it after a delay interval of a few minutes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ADO_0000058 longitudinal cognitive evaluation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C15273 Longitudinal Study A clinical tool that measures and evaluates cognition of the patient with certain time intervals while maintaining the consistency in parameters employed in testing. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ADO_0000059 probable Alzheimer dementia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ADO_0000050 dementia due to Alzheimer's disease A type of dementia which which the person meets the core clinical creteria for probable Alzheimer dementia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ADO_0000061 impaired reasoning http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ADO_0000001 cognitive symptom A symptom with which a patient may misunderstand the motives of the actions of their family, friends or others http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ADO_0000062 impaired language functions http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ADO_0000001 cognitive symptom A symptom including defficulty thinking of common words while speaking, hesitations, speech, spelling, and writing errors. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ADO_0000063 insidious onset of dementia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0000278 disease stage A stage where symptoms have a gradual onset over months to years but with harmful effects, not sudden within hours or days. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ADO_0000064 amnestic symptom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ADO_0000001 cognitive symptom A symptom including impairment in learning and recalling of recently learned information, loss of memory, disorientation with time and space, lack of insight to their memory loss and being aware of their memory loss but not being able to understand why. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ADO_0000065 non-demented cognitive impairment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ADO_0000001 cognitive symptom A symptom that is sufficiently mild that there is no evidence of a significant impairment in social or occupational functioning. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ADO_0000066 possible Alzheimer dementia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ADO_0000050 dementia due to Alzheimer's disease A type of Alzheimer dementia whic meets core clinical criteria for possible Alzheimer dementia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ADO_0000067 sudden onset of cognitive impairment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0000278 disease stage A stage where cognitive impiarment suddenly arises http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ADO_0000068 asymptomatic cerebral amyloidosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008150 biological_process A biological process by which an individual has biomarker evidence of amyloid-beta accumulation with elevated tracer retention on PET amyloid imaging and/or low amyloid-beta 42 in CSF assay, but no detectable evidence of additional brain alterations suggestive of neurodegeneration or subtle cognitive and/or behavioral symptomatology. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ADO_0000069 amyloid positivity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000000 clinical measurement A result from clinical assessment that characterizes presence of abnormal amyloid found with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and/or positron emission tomography (PET) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ADO_0000070 amyloid-beta 42/amyloid-beta 40 ratio http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/STATO_0000184 ratio A ratio between amyloid-beta 42 and amyloid-beta 40. Decreased ratio of amyloid-beta 42/40 is a strong marker of Alzheimer's disease. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ADO_0000071 APOE genotype test http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000035 blood measurement A technique used to determine the specific apolipoprotein E (APOE) genotypes in patients with type III hyperlipoproteinemia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ADO_0000072 BACE1 inhibitor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23924 enzyme inhibitor An inhibitor that interferes the chemical reaction of BACE1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ADO_0000073 beta-secretase 1 measurement http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000000 clinical measurement Quantification of the amount of beta-secretase 1 in a sample, typicallly cerebrospinal fluid. Beta-secretase-1 is an aspartic-acid protease important in the formation of myelin sheaths in peripheral nerve cells, and is thought to have a role in Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ADO_0000074 Brief Alzheimer Screen test http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C20993 Research or Clinical Assessment Tool A test developed from cognitive assessments on 406 normal subjects and 342 mild AD patients in the CERAD (Consortium to Establish a Registry for AD) dataset. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ADO_0000075 Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery for Alzheimer disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C20993 Research or Clinical Assessment Tool A tool to assess cognitive functions in diverse neurological and psychiatric disorders, such as dementia, schizophrenia, depression, Parkinson's Disease. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ADO_0000076 caffeine consumption http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C16795 Lifestyle A behavior of consuming caffeine-containing products such as coffee, tea, cacao, energy drinks http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ADO_0000077 DemTect screening test http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C20993 Research or Clinical Assessment Tool A tool used as a new 6-8 minute dementia screening, consisting of 5 short subtests, which is objective both in performance and evaluation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ADO_0000079 tobacco consumption http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C16795 Lifestyle A behavior of consuming tabacco products http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ADO_0000081 Global Deterioration Scale http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C20993 Research or Clinical Assessment Tool A method used for assessment of primary degenerative dementia and delineation of its stages http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ADO_0000082 traumatic brain injury http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_7 disease of anatomical entity Traumatic brain injury usually results from a violent blow or jolt to the head or body. An object that goes through brain tissue, such as a bullet or shattered piece of skull, also can cause traumatic brain injury. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ADO_0000083 Inability to communicate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ADO_0000001 cognitive symptom A symptom of failure to communicate with others. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ADO_0000084 Inability to recognize oneself or family http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ADO_0000001 cognitive symptom A cognitive symptom of failure to recognize oneself's or family member's identity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ADO_0000085 Memory Orientation Screening Test http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C20993 Research or Clinical Assessment Tool A test that separates normal from MCI and demented elders in a prevalence-stratified sample http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ADO_0000086 Neurobehavioral Cognitive Status Examination http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C20993 Research or Clinical Assessment Tool A screening examination that assesses cognition in a brief but quantitative fashion, uses independent tests to evaluate functioning within five major cognitive ability areas: language, constructions, memory, calculations, and reasoning. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ADO_0000088 Short Portable Mental Status Questionnaire (SPMSQ) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C91105 Clinical or Research Assessment Questionnaire A questionaire with 10 items that can be easily administered by clinicians in mental impairment diagnosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ADO_0000089 Xiusanzhen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OAE_0000002 medical intervention An acupuncture method that involves pucture at bilateral Yingxiang and Yintang points http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ADO_0000090 total tau http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that is regarded as a general marker of neurodegeneration for evaluation in future population-based studies and represents the total tau concentration in a given sample. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ADO_0000091 phosphorylated tau http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that is phosphorylated through post-translational modification. Its accumulation reflects the formation of neurofibrillary tangles, synaptic impairment, and neuronal dysfunction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ADO_0000092 insulin signalling http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0023052 signaling a signaling process that is initiated through binding and activation of its cell-surface receptor and initiates a cascade of phosphorylation and dephosphorylation events, second-messenger generation, and protein-protein interactions that result in diverse metabolic events in almost every tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ADO_0000093 neurotrophic signalling http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0023052 signaling A signaling process through which neurotrophins modulate long-term potentiation, dendritic complexity and axon branching, processes that promote synaptic efficacy and thus learning and memory. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ADO_0000094 phospatidylinositol signalling http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0023052 signaling An internal signaling process in response to extracellular signals through which phosphatidylinositols undergo rapid turnover and generate second messengers including diacylglycerol, inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate, phosphatidylinositol 3,4-bisphosphate (PtdIns 3,4P2) and phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005776 autophagosome http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005773 vacuole A double-membrane-bounded compartment that engulfs endogenous cellular material as well as invading microorganisms to target them to the lytic vacuole/lysosome for degradation as part of macroautophagy. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MP_0012232 abnormal ceramide level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0000118 Phenotypic abnormality any anomaly in the concentration of the subclass of sphingoid base derivatives with an amide-linked fatty acid, where the fatty acids are typically saturated or monounsaturated with chain lengths from 14 to 26 carbon atoms http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGMS_0000018 laboratory finding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGMS_0000014 clinical finding A representation of a quality of a specimen that is the output of a laboratory test and that can support an inference to an assertion about some quality of the patient. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGMS_0000024 sign http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000001 entity A quality of a patient, a material entity that is part of a patient, or a processual entity that a patient participates in, any one of which is observed in a physical examination and is deemed by the clinician to be of clinical significance. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGMS_0000029 vital sign http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGMS_0000024 sign A physical sign in which a non-zero value is standardly considered to be an indication that the organism is alive. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGMS_0000032 homeostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000016 disposition Homeostasis is defined as the property of a system in which variables are regulated so that internal conditions remain stable and relatively constant. Examples of homeostasis include the regulation of body temperature, and the balance between acidity and alkalinity. It is a process that maintains the stability of the organism’s internal environment in response to fluctuations in external environmental conditions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGMS_0000037 abnormal homeostasis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGMS_0000032 homeostasis Homeostasis that is clinically abnormal for an organism of a given type and age in a given environment. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGMS_0000057 physical examination http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGMS_0000096 health care process A sequence of acts of observing and measuring qualities of a patient performed by a clinician; measurements may occur with and without elicitation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGMS_0000083 physical examination finding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGMS_0000014 clinical finding The information regarding anatomic findings obtained through the use of observation, palpation, percussion, and auscultation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGMS_0000095 inflammatory process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGMS_0000061 pathological bodily process A bodily process caused by some disorder that results in recruitment of leukocytes into a localized tissue site, typically causing localized pain and swelling. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGMS_0000096 health care process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0000011 planned process A planned process with the objective to improve the health status of a patient that directly involves the treatment, diagnosis, or prevention of disease or injury of a patient http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000816 activation-induced cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008219 cell death It is the process by which cells undergo apoptosis in a controlled manner through the interaction of a death factor and its receptor. It plays a significant role in immune system homeostasis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ExO_0000136 Asian Indian http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ExO_0000109 race A person having origins in the original peoples of the Indian sub-continent. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0024505 disorder by anatomical region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGMS_0000031 disease A broad grouping of diseases based on major body subdivisions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C157012 Cognition Clock Test http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C20993 Research or Clinical Assessment Tool A test of the ability of an individual to accurately place the numbers and hands of a clock in their usual and specified positions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0009835 anterior cingulate cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010314 structure with developmental contribution from neural crest The frontal part of the cingulate cortex that resembles a collar form around the corpus callosum. It includes both the ventral and dorsal areas of the cingulate cortex. Wikipedia:File:Gray727.svg. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000373 receptor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000023 role A molecule on the surface or within a cell that recognizes and binds with specific molecules, producing a specific effect in the cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ExO_0000142 Dominican http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ExO_0000109 race Denotes the inhabitants of the Dominican Republic, a person from there, or their descendants elsewhere. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ExO_0000139 Chinese http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ExO_0000109 race A person having origins in any of the original peoples of China. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ExO_0000158 White http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ExO_0000109 race A person having origins in any of the original peoples of Europe, the Middle East, or North Africa. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MFOMD_0000024 pathological mental process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGMS_0000061 pathological bodily process A mental illness can be defined as a health condition that changes a person's thinking, feelings, or behavior (or all three) and that causes the person distress and difficulty in functioning. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0000139 Golgi membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098588 bounding membrane of organelle The lipid bilayer surrounding any of the compartments of the Golgi apparatus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0000165 MAPK cascade http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007165 signal transduction An intracellular protein kinase cascade containing at least a MAPK, a MAPKK and a MAP3K. The cascade can also contain an additional tiers: the upstream MAP4K. The kinases in each tier phosphorylate and activate the kinase in the downstream tier to transmit a signal within a cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0000422 autophagy of mitochondrion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006914 autophagy The autophagic process in which mitochondria are delivered to a type of vacuole and degraded in response to changing cellular conditions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0000423 mitophagy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006914 autophagy The selective autophagy process in which a mitochondrion is degraded by macroautophagy. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0000502 proteasome complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902494 catalytic complex A large multisubunit complex which catalyzes protein degradation, found in eukaryotes, archaea and some bacteria. In eukaryotes, this complex consists of the barrel shaped proteasome core complex and one or two associated proteins or complexes that act in regulating entry into or exit from the core. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001508 action potential http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0065007 biological regulation A process in which membrane potential cycles through a depolarizing spike, triggered in response to depolarization above some threshold, followed by repolarization. This cycle is driven by the flow of ions through various voltage gated channels with different thresholds and ion specificities. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0001774 microglial cell activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009987 cellular process The change in morphology and behavior of a microglial cell resulting from exposure to a cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or soluble factor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002376 immune system process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008150 biological_process Any process involved in the development or functioning of the immune system, an organismal system for calibrated responses to potential internal or invasive threats. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005622 intracellular anatomical structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110165 cellular anatomical entity A component of a cell contained within (but not including) the plasma membrane. In eukaryotes it includes the nucleus and cytoplasm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005634 nucleus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043226 organelle A membrane-bounded organelle of eukaryotic cells in which chromosomes are housed and replicated. In most cells, the nucleus contains all of the cell's chromosomes except the organellar chromosomes, and is the site of RNA synthesis and processing. In some species, or in specialized cell types, RNA metabolism or DNA replication may be absent. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005739 mitochondrion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043226 organelle A semiautonomous, self replicating organelle that occurs in varying numbers, shapes, and sizes in the cytoplasm of virtually all eukaryotic cells. It is notably the site of tissue respiration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005764 lysosome http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005773 vacuole A small lytic vacuole that has cell cycle-independent morphology and is found in most animal cells and that contains a variety of hydrolases, most of which have their maximal activities in the pH range 5-6. The contained enzymes display latency if properly isolated. About 40 different lysosomal hydrolases are known and lysosomes have a great variety of morphologies and functions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005768 endosome http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043226 organelle A vacuole to which materials ingested by endocytosis are delivered. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005773 vacuole http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043226 organelle A closed structure, found only in eukaryotic cells, that is completely surrounded by unit membrane and contains liquid material. Cells contain one or several vacuoles, that may have different functions from each other. Vacuoles have a diverse array of functions. They can act as a storage organelle for nutrients or waste products, as a degradative compartment, as a cost-effective way of increasing cell size, and as a homeostatic regulator controlling both turgor pressure and pH of the cytosol. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005783 endoplasmic reticulum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043226 organelle The irregular network of unit membranes, visible only by electron microscopy, that occurs in the cytoplasm of many eukaryotic cells. The membranes form a complex meshwork of tubular channels, which are often expanded into slitlike cavities called cisternae. The ER takes two forms, rough (or granular), with ribosomes adhering to the outer surface, and smooth (with no ribosomes attached). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006260 DNA replication http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044237 cellular metabolic process The cellular metabolic process in which a cell duplicates one or more molecules of DNA. DNA replication begins when specific sequences, known as origins of replication, are recognized and bound by initiation proteins, and ends when the original DNA molecule has been completely duplicated and the copies topologically separated. The unit of replication usually corresponds to the genome of the cell, an organelle, or a virus. The template for replication can either be an existing DNA molecule or RNA. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006351 transcription, DNA-templated http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044237 cellular metabolic process The cellular synthesis of RNA on a template of DNA. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006412 translation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044237 cellular metabolic process The cellular metabolic process in which a protein is formed, using the sequence of a mature mRNA or circRNA molecule to specify the sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain. Translation is mediated by the ribosome, and begins with the formation of a ternary complex between aminoacylated initiator methionine tRNA, GTP, and initiation factor 2, which subsequently associates with the small subunit of the ribosome and an mRNA or circRNA. Translation ends with the release of a polypeptide chain from the ribosome. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006814 sodium ion transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006811 ion transport The directed movement of sodium ions (Na+) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006869 lipid transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006810 transport The directed movement of lipids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Lipids are compounds soluble in an organic solvent but not, or sparingly, in an aqueous solvent. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006909 phagocytosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016192 vesicle-mediated transport A vesicle-mediated transport process that results in the engulfment of external particulate material by phagocytes and their delivery to the lysosome. The particles are initially contained within phagocytic vacuoles (phagosomes), which then fuse with primary lysosomes to effect digestion of the particles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006914 autophagy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009987 cellular process The cellular catabolic process in which cells digest parts of their own cytoplasm; allows for both recycling of macromolecular constituents under conditions of cellular stress and remodeling the intracellular structure for cell differentiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006955 immune response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0002376 immune system process Any immune system process that functions in the calibrated response of an organism to a potential internal or invasive threat. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007009 plasma membrane organization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009987 cellular process A process that is carried out at the cellular level which results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of the plasma membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007154 cell communication http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009987 cellular process Any process that mediates interactions between a cell and its surroundings. Encompasses interactions such as signaling or attachment between one cell and another cell, between a cell and an extracellular matrix, or between a cell and any other aspect of its environment. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007155 cell adhesion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022610 biological adhesion The attachment of a cell, either to another cell or to an underlying substrate such as the extracellular matrix, via cell adhesion molecules. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007165 signal transduction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009987 cellular process The cellular process in which a signal is conveyed to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. Signal transduction begins with reception of a signal (e.g. a ligand binding to a receptor or receptor activation by a stimulus such as light), or for signal transduction in the absence of ligand, signal-withdrawal or the activity of a constitutively active receptor. Signal transduction ends with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. regulation of transcription or regulation of a metabolic process. Signal transduction covers signaling from receptors located on the surface of the cell and signaling via molecules located within the cell. For signaling between cells, signal transduction is restricted to events at and within the receiving cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007219 Notch signaling pathway http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007165 signal transduction A series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of an extracellular ligand to the receptor Notch on the surface of a target cell, and ending with regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007610 behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGMS_0000060 bodily process The internally coordinated responses (actions or inactions) of animals (individuals or groups) to internal or external stimuli, via a mechanism that involves nervous system activity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008150 biological_process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000015 process A biological process represents a specific objective that the organism is genetically programmed to achieve. Biological processes are often described by their outcome or ending state, e.g., the biological process of cell division results in the creation of two daughter cells (a divided cell) from a single parent cell. A biological process is accomplished by a particular set of molecular functions carried out by specific gene products (or macromolecular complexes), often in a highly regulated manner and in a particular temporal sequence. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009987 cellular process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008150 biological_process Any process that is carried out at the cellular level, but not necessarily restricted to a single cell. For example, cell communication occurs among more than one cell, but occurs at the cellular level. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010008 endosome membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030659 cytoplasmic vesicle membrane The lipid bilayer surrounding an endosome. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0010468 regulation of gene expression http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0065007 biological regulation Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression. Gene expression is the process in which a gene's coding sequence is converted into a mature gene product (protein or RNA). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0015914 phospholipid transport http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0006810 transport The directed movement of phospholipids into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. Phospholipids are any lipids containing phosphoric acid as a mono- or diester. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022402 cell cycle process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009987 cellular process The cellular process that ensures successive accurate and complete genome replication and chromosome segregation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0022403 cell cycle phase http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044848 biological phase One of the distinct periods or stages into which the cell cycle is divided. Each phase is characterized by the occurrence of specific biochemical and morphological events. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030427 site of polarized growth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110165 cellular anatomical entity Any part of a cell where non-isotropic growth takes place. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032991 protein-containing complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005575 cellular_component A stable assembly of two or more macromolecules, i.e. proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates or lipids, in which at least one component is a protein and the constituent parts function together. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032993 protein-DNA complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032991 protein-containing complex A macromolecular complex containing both protein and DNA molecules. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042118 endothelial cell activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009987 cellular process The change in morphology and behavior of an endothelial cell resulting from exposure to a cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or soluble factor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042995 cell projection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110165 cellular anatomical entity A prolongation or process extending from a cell, e.g. a flagellum or axon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043226 organelle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110165 cellular anatomical entity Organized structure of distinctive morphology and function. Includes the nucleus, mitochondria, plastids, vacuoles, vesicles, ribosomes and the cytoskeleton, and prokaryotic structures such as anammoxosomes and pirellulosomes. Excludes the plasma membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044237 cellular metabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009987 cellular process The chemical reactions and pathways by which individual cells transform chemical substances. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044848 biological phase http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008150 biological_process A distinct period or stage in a biological process or cycle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0048143 astrocyte activation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009987 cellular process A change in morphology and behavior of an astrocyte resulting from exposure to a cytokine, chemokine, cellular ligand, or soluble factor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051707 response to other organism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044419 biological process involved in interspecies interaction between organisms Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus from another living organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098588 bounding membrane of organelle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031090 organelle membrane The lipid bilayer that forms the outer-most layer of an organelle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098796 membrane protein complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032991 protein-containing complex Any protein complex that is part of a membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098797 plasma membrane protein complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098796 membrane protein complex Any protein complex that is part of the plasma membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902494 catalytic complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MI_0501 enzyme A protein complex which is capable of catalytic activity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0023052 signaling http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008150 biological_process The entirety of a process in which information is transmitted within a biological system. This process begins with an active signal and ends when a cellular response has been triggered. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030426 growth cone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030427 site of polarized growth The migrating motile tip of a growing neuron projection, where actin accumulates, and the actin cytoskeleton is the most dynamic. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030659 cytoplasmic vesicle membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0012506 vesicle membrane The lipid bilayer surrounding a cytoplasmic vesicle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031984 organelle subcompartment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110165 cellular anatomical entity A compartment that consists of a lumen and an enclosing membrane, and is part of an organelle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032809 neuronal cell body membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016020 membrane The plasma membrane of a neuron cell body - excludes the plasma membrane of cell projections such as axons and dendrites. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0033268 node of Ranvier http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110165 cellular anatomical entity An axon part that is a gap in the myelin where voltage-gated sodium channels cluster and saltatory conduction is executed. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042552 myelination http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009987 cellular process The process in which myelin sheaths are formed and maintained around neurons. Oligodendrocytes in the brain and spinal cord and Schwann cells in the peripheral nervous system wrap axons with compact layers of their plasma membrane. Adjacent myelin segments are separated by a non-myelinated stretch of axon called a node of Ranvier. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045202 synapse http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030054 cell junction The junction between an axon of one neuron and a dendrite of another neuron, a muscle fiber or a glial cell. As the axon approaches the synapse it enlarges into a specialized structure, the presynaptic terminal bouton, which contains mitochondria and synaptic vesicles. At the tip of the terminal bouton is the presynaptic membrane; facing it, and separated from it by a minute cleft (the synaptic cleft) is a specialized area of membrane on the receiving cell, known as the postsynaptic membrane. In response to the arrival of nerve impulses, the presynaptic terminal bouton secretes molecules of neurotransmitters into the synaptic cleft. These diffuse across the cleft and transmit the signal to the postsynaptic membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051179 localization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008150 biological_process Any process in which a cell, a substance, or a cellular entity, such as a protein complex or organelle, is transported, tethered to or otherwise maintained in a specific location. In the case of substances, localization may also be achieved via selective degradation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070085 glycosylation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MOP_0000543 molecular process The covalent attachment and further modification of carbohydrate residues to a substrate molecule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0035255 ionotropic glutamate receptor binding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009987 cellular process Binding to an ionotropic glutamate receptor. Ionotropic glutamate receptors bind glutamate and exert an effect through the regulation of ion channels. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0036465 synaptic vesicle recycling http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009987 cellular process The trafficking of synaptic vesicles from the pre-synaptic membrane so the vesicle can dock and prime for another round of exocytosis and neurotransmitter release. Recycling occurs after synaptic vesicle exocytosis, and is necessary to replenish presynaptic vesicle pools, sustain transmitter release and preserve the structural integrity of the presynaptic membrane. Recycling can occur following transient fusion with the presynaptic membrane (kiss and run), or via endocytosis of presynaptic membrane. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043197 dendritic spine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098794 postsynapse A small, membranous protrusion from a dendrite that forms a postsynaptic compartment, typically receiving input from a single presynapse. They function as partially isolated biochemical and an electrical compartments. Spine morphology is variable:they can be thin, stubby, mushroom, or branched, with a continuum of intermediate morphologies. They typically terminate in a bulb shape, linked to the dendritic shaft by a restriction. Spine remodeling is though to be involved in synaptic plasticity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043209 myelin sheath http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110165 cellular anatomical entity An electrically insulating fatty layer that surrounds the axons of many neurons. It is an outgrowth of glial cells: Schwann cells supply the myelin for peripheral neurons while oligodendrocytes supply it to those of the central nervous system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044295 axonal growth cone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0030426 growth cone The migrating motile tip of a growing nerve cell axon. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044309 neuron spine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043005 neuron projection A small membranous protrusion, often ending in a bulbous head and attached to the neuron by a narrow stalk or neck. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0045121 membrane raft http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098857 membrane microdomain Any of the small (10-200 nm), heterogeneous, highly dynamic, sterol- and sphingolipid-enriched membrane domains that compartmentalize cellular processes. Small rafts can sometimes be stabilized to form larger platforms through protein-protein and protein-lipid interactions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070997 neuron death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008219 cell death The process of cell death in a neuron. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098794 postsynapse http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110165 cellular anatomical entity The part of a synapse that is part of the post-synaptic cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098857 membrane microdomain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016020 membrane A membrane region with a lipid composition that is distinct from that of the membrane regions that surround it. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1990777 lipoprotein particle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032991 protein-containing complex A spherical particle containing non-covalently associated proteins and lipids. Examples are plasma lipoprotein particles which transport lipids in the blood or lymph. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097242 amyloid-beta clearance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008150 biological_process The process in which amyloid-beta is removed from extracellular brain regions by mechanisms involving cell surface receptors. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097413 Lewy body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016234 inclusion body Cytoplasmic, spherical inclusion commonly found in damaged neurons, and composed of abnormally phosphorylated, neurofilament proteins aggregated with ubiquitin and alpha-synuclein. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902988 neurofibrillary tangle assembly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009987 cellular process The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a neurofibrillary tangle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1990851 Wnt-Frizzled-LRP5/6 complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0098797 plasma membrane protein complex A protein complex containing a secreted Wnt protein associated with its receptor, Frizzled (Fz), and co-receptor low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 5 (LRP5) or LRP6. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000003112 NFAT protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that contains a Rel homology domain (RHD) (Pfam:PF00554) followed by an IPT/TIG domain (Pfam:PF01833). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000018264 proteolytic cleavage product http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A protein that is produced as the result of proteolytic processing of a longer protein. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000025580 C99 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C21523 Complement Component Protein An amyloid-beta precursor protein proteolytic cleavage product that is the C-terminal product of cleavage by beta-secretase of certain amyloid-beta precursor protein isoforms, signal peptide removed form. Example: UniProtKB:P05067-1, 672-770. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000025581 C83 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C21523 Complement Component Protein An amyloid-beta precursor protein proteolytic cleavage product that is the C-terminal product of cleavage by alpha-secretase of certain amyloid-beta precursor protein isoforms, signal peptide removed form. Example: UniProtKB:P05067-1, 688-770. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_140325 secondary carboxamide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37622 carboxamide A carboxamide resulting from the formal condensation of a carboxylic acid with a primary amine; formula RC(=O)NHR(1). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FOODON_00002452 invertebrate animal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000040 material entity Invertebrates are animals that neither possess nor develop a vertebral column (commonly known as a backbone or spine), derived from the notochord. This includes all animals apart from the subphylum Vertebrata. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0110165 cellular anatomical entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005575 cellular_component A part of a cellular organism that is either an immaterial entity or a material entity with granularity above the level of a protein complex but below that of an anatomical system. Or, a substance produced by a cellular organism with granularity above the level of a protein complex. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008219 cell death http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009987 cellular process Any biological process that results in permanent cessation of all vital functions of a cell. A cell should be considered dead when any one of the following molecular or morphological criteria is met: (1) the cell has lost the integrity of its plasma membrane; (2) the cell, including its nucleus, has undergone complete fragmentation into discrete bodies (frequently referred to as apoptotic bodies). The cell corpse (or its fragments) may be engulfed by an adjacent cell in vivo, but engulfment of whole cells should not be considered a strict criteria to define cell death as, under some circumstances, live engulfed cells can be released from phagosomes (see PMID:18045538). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009056 catabolic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008152 metabolic process The chemical reactions and pathways resulting in the breakdown of substances, including the breakdown of carbon compounds with the liberation of energy for use by the cell or organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0012506 vesicle membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031090 organelle membrane The lipid bilayer surrounding any membrane-bounded vesicle in the cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014069 postsynaptic density http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043226 organelle An electron dense network of proteins within and adjacent to the postsynaptic membrane of an asymmetric, neuron-neuron synapse. Its major components include neurotransmitter receptors and the proteins that spatially and functionally organize them such as anchoring and scaffolding molecules, signaling enzymes and cytoskeletal components. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016234 inclusion body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005622 intracellular anatomical structure A discrete intracellular part formed of aggregated molecules such as proteins or other biopolymers. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0031090 organelle membrane http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016020 membrane A membrane that is one of the two lipid bilayers of an organelle envelope or the outermost membrane of single membrane bound organelle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043687 post-translational protein modification http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009987 cellular process The process of covalently altering one or more amino acids in a protein after the protein has been completely translated and released from the ribosome. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044419 biological process involved in interspecies interaction between organisms http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008150 biological_process Any process evolved to enable an interaction with an organism of a different species. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051607 defense response to virus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051707 response to other organism Reactions triggered in response to the presence of a virus that act to protect the cell or organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0097354 prenylation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0044237 cellular metabolic process The covalent attachment of a prenyl group to a molecule; geranyl, farnesyl, or geranylgeranyl groups may be added. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0099572 postsynaptic specialization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043226 organelle A network of proteins within and adjacent to the postsynaptic membrane. Its major components include neurotransmitter receptors and the proteins that spatially and functionally organize them such as anchoring and scaffolding molecules, signaling enzymes and cytoskeletal components. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0061702 inflammasome complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0032991 protein-containing complex A cytosolic protein complex that is capable of activating caspase-1. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0070782 phosphatidylserine exposure on apoptotic cell surface http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009987 cellular process A phospholipid scrambling process that results in the appearance of phosphatidylserine on the outer leaflet of the plasma membrane of an apoptotic cell, which acts as an 'eat-me' signal for engulfing cells. Phosphatidylserine is exposed on the apoptotic cell surface by a phospholipid scramblase activity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/INO_0000007 up-regulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/INO_0000157 regulation a positive regulation that one interactor up-regulates another. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/INO_0000027 cell-cell interaction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000015 process a biological interaction that involves two cells as interactors. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/INO_0000093 down-regulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/INO_0000157 regulation a negative regulation that one interactor down-regulates another. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/INO_0000157 regulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000015 process A regulation represents a regulatory interaction between two interactors. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/INO_0000176 translocation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000015 process A process that changes the location of a material entity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/TXPO_0000145 function-related process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/TXPO_0000271 primitive process Function-related process is a process that related to the execution of a function, a metafunction, and the malfunction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/TXPO_0000271 primitive process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000015 process Primitive process is a unit of process. Process series at a certain granular level can appear as one primitive process at the higher level. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/TXPO_0000328 ion channel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/TXPO_0003638 transporter A role played by the entity which enables the facilitated diffusion of an ion (by an energy-independent process) by passage through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel without evidence for a carrier-mediated mechanism. May be either selective (it enables passage of a specific ion only) or non-selective (it enables passage of two or more ions of same charge but different size). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/TXPO_0000378 functioning process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/TXPO_0000145 function-related process Functioning process is a subtype of function-related process: A process that executes and manifests function. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/TXPO_0000434 malfunctioning process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/TXPO_0000145 function-related process Malfunctioning process is a subtype of function-related process: A process that cannot perform a function appropriately or cannot realize it at all. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/TXPO_0000438 dysfunctioning http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/TXPO_0000434 malfunctioning process Dysfunctioning is a subtype of malfunctioning process: A process that performs an abnormal and incomplete functioning. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/TXPO_0000673 starvation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/TXPO_0000378 functioning process Starvation is a subtype of depleting: A process that lessens markedly in quantity of the nourishment. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/TXPO_0001865 protein kinase http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MI_0501 enzyme Catalysis role of the phosphorylation of an amino acid residue in a protein, usually according to the reaction: a protein + ATP = a phosphoprotein + ADP. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/TXPO_0002361 mitochondrial dysfunction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/TXPO_0000438 dysfunctioning Mitochondrial dysfunction is a subtype of dysfunctioning: A process that performs an abnormal and incomplete mitochondrial function. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/TXPO_0002661 protein aggregation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/TXPO_0000378 functioning process Protein aggregation is a subtype of molecular assembly: The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of molecules. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/TXPO_0003321 ceramidase http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MI_0501 enzyme Catalysis role of the reaction: N-acylsphingosine + H2O = a fatty acid + sphingosine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/TXPO_0003638 transporter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/TXPO_0003727 functional role A role which enables the directed movement of substances (such as macromolecules, small molecules, ions) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/TXPO_0003645 transcription factor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/TXPO_0003727 functional role A role played by the entity to initiate or regulate transcription. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/TXPO_0003655 potassium channel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/TXPO_0000328 ion channel A role played by the entity which enables the facilitated diffusion of a potassium ion (by an energy-independent process) involving passage through a transmembrane aqueous pore or channel without evidence for a carrier-mediated mechanism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/TXPO_0003668 GTPase http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MI_0501 enzyme Catalysis role of the reaction: GTP + H2O = GDP + phosphate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/TXPO_0003670 histone deacetylase http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MI_0501 enzyme Catalysis role of the reaction: histone N6-acetyl-L-lysine + H2O = histone L-lysine + acetate. This reaction represents the removal of an acetyl group from a histone, a class of proteins complexed to DNA in chromatin and chromosomes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/TXPO_0003673 phosphatase http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MI_0501 enzyme Catalysis of the hydrolysis of phosphoric monoesters, releasing inorganic phosphate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/TXPO_0003680 ligand-gated ion channel http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/TXPO_0000328 ion channel A role played by the entity which enables the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when a specific ligand has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/TXPO_0003727 functional role http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000023 role A role played by the entity of funtion as realizable entity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/TXPO_0004096 protein ubiquitination http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/TXPO_0000378 functioning process The process in which one or more ubiquitin groups are added to a protein. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/TXPO_0004143 ceramide acumulation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/TXPO_0000378 functioning process ceramide accumulation is a subtype of accumulation of substances in a biological object: A process that keeps ceramide in an organism, tissue, organelle, or cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/XCO_0000653 ionotropic glutamate receptor antagonist http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35222 inhibitor Any condition in which the main influencing factor is an agent that blocks the transmembrane transfer of an ion by a channel that opens when glutamate has been bound by the channel complex or one of its constituent parts. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MAXO_0000739 HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor therapy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MAXO_0000648 enzyme inhibitor agent therapy Therapy that inhibits HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GECKO_0000137 Montreal Cognitive Assessment Test score http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GECKO_0000119 cognitive measurement A cognitive measurement that is the output (score) from the Montreal Cognitive Assessment Test (MoCA) for Dementia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GECKO_0000143 Clinical Dementia Rating Scale score http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GECKO_0000119 cognitive measurement A cognitive measurement that is the output (score) from the Clinical Dementia Rating Scale. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C176261 Study Phase http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0500000 study design A stage in the sequence of activities in a clinical study. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C176312 Phosphorylated Tau Protein to Amyloid Beta1-42 Ratio Measurement http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MMO_0000000 measurement method The determination of the ratio of phosphorylated Tau protein compared to amyloid beta 1-42 present in a sample. The measurement may be expressed as a ratio or percentage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_127 atrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_596 pathological process A reduction in size of organs or tissues as a result of cell death, loss of cellularity of whatever cause, reduced cellular proliferation or decreased cellular volume. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_596 pathological process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008150 biological_process The organic response of tissues to external insult, injury or underlying genetic or epigenetic lesion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000003 emotional behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000313 behavior process "Behavior related to the complex psychophysiological experience of an individual's state of mind as interacting with biochemical (internal) and environmental (external) influences." [wikipedia:Emotions] http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000119 impulsive behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000313 behavior process "A behavior that occur quickly without control, planning, or consideration of the consequences of that behavior." [NBO:GVG] http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000607 cognitive behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000313 behavior process "Behaviour related to cognitive processes." [NBO:JH] http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0001845 consumption behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0000313 behavior process "Behavior related to the intake of substances." [NBOC:GVG] http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGMS_0000045 disorder http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000040 material entity A material entity which is clinically abnormal and part of an extended organism. Disorders are the physical basis of disease. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MF_0000008 cognitive process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MF_0000020 mental process A mental process that creates, modifies or has as participant some cognitive representation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MF_0000020 mental process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGMS_0000060 bodily process A mental process is a bodily process that is of a type such that it can of itself be conscious. Examples include thinking, feeling pain, remembering and emotion as occurrent experiences. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MF_0000033 mental disposition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000016 disposition A mental disposition is a bodily disposition that is realized in a mental process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NBO_0002086 nicotine consumption http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C16795 Lifestyle "Behavior related to the intake of nicotine." [NBOC:GVG] http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MMO_0000000 measurement method http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ERO_0000007 technique The manner, procedure or technique by which a morphological or physiological state or property in a single individual or sample or a group of individuals or samples is assessed and a quantitative or qualitative value assigned. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MMO_0000129 positron emission tomography (PET) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MMO_0000000 measurement method Detection of gamma rays emitted from tissues after administration of natural biochemical substance into which positron emitting isotopes have been incorporated. The paths of the gamma rays resulting from collision of positrons and electrons are interpreted by a computer to form a representation of local concentrations of the isotope-containing substance. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MMO_0000534 mass spectrometry http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MMO_0000000 measurement method A method for identifying molecules based on the detection of the mass-to-charge ratio of ions generated from the molecule by vaporisation and electron bombardment. Deflection of the ions through a magnetic field results in a characteristic pattern which is used to define the molecule of interest. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MOP_0000030 acetylation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MOP_0000779 formation of covalent bond Formation of a covalent bond between a substrate and an acetyl group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MOP_0000543 molecular process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000015 process A process in which at least one of the participants is a molecule. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MOP_0000604 metal chelation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MOP_0000779 formation of covalent bond The formation of at least two single bonds between a metal atom and a ligand. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MOP_0000651 deamination http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MOP_0000543 molecular process Breaking of a covalent bond between a substrate and an amino group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MOP_0000779 formation of covalent bond http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MOP_0000543 molecular process A molecular process in which a covalent bond is formed. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MOP_0001030 deacetylation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MOP_0000543 molecular process Breaking of a covalent bond between a substrate and an acetyl group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MOP_0001494 decarbonylation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MOP_0000543 molecular process Breaking of a covalent bond between a substrate and a carbonyl group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000132 necrosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000567 general symptom Necrosis is a general symptom where death of a portion of tissue differentially affected by local injury (as loss of blood supply, corrosion, burning, or the local lesion of a disease). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ExO_0000109 race http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C19332 Personal Attribute An arbitrary classification of a taxonomic group that is a division of a species. It usually arises as a consequence of geographical isolation within a species and is characterized by shared heredity, physical attributes and behavior, and in the case of humans, by common history, nationality, or geographic distribution. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ExO_0000153 Other Race http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ExO_0000109 race A person of non-specified racial, cultural, or geographic origins. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ExO_0000143 Filipino http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ExO_0000109 race A person having origins in any of the original peoples of the Philippine Islands. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ERO_0000007 technique http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0000011 planned process A technique is a planned process used to accomplish a specific activity or task. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ERO_0000015 human study http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0000011 planned process Research project that uses or collects measurements or assessments about humans. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ERO_0000017 epidemiological study http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ERO_0000015 human study A human study of diseases in populations of humans or other animals, specifically how, when and where they occur. Epidemiological studies can never prove causation, epidemiological evidence can only show that this risk factor is correlated with a higher incidence of disease in the population exposed to that risk factor. The higher the correlation the more certain the association, but it cannot prove the causation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ERO_0000357 single blinded study http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C70840 Blinded Clinical Study An interventional study in which the person collecting the data knows whether the subjects are in the control or experimental groups but the subjects do not. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ERO_0000358 double blinded study http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C70840 Blinded Clinical Study An interventional study in which neither the subjects of the experiment nor the persons administering the experiment know the critical aspects of the experiment; a double-blind procedure is used to guard against both experimenter bias and placebo effects. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ERO_0000606 psychological and behavioral intervention http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0000011 planned process Psychological or behavior intervention is a combination of program elements, strategies, or modalities designed to influence psychological or behavioral processes or outcomes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ERO_0000816 in vivo bioluminescence imaging system http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ERO_0001312 imaging technique An image acquisition instrument that is designed for non-invasive in vivo use, to detect bioluminescence, which is based on the expression of luciferase, the light-emitting enzyme of the firefly Photinus pyralis. After the administration of the substrate luciferin, an ATP- and O2-dependent photochemical reaction occurs, resulting in the release of photons by living cells containing luciferase. This photon emission can be detected by a cooled charge-coupled device (CCD) camera, minutes after the administration of the substrate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ERO_0000833 molecular assay http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0000070 assay An assay that generates data about the presence, abundance, structure, function, or activity of biological molecules, or a process that occurs at a molecular level of granularity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ERO_0001285 organismal assay http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0000070 assay An assay that generates data about the physical characteristics, physological functions, or behavior of organisms or viruses. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ERO_0001292 physiological assay http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ERO_0001285 organismal assay An organismal assay designed to capture information pertaining to the the organic processes and phenomena of an organism or any of its parts or of a particular bodily process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ERO_0001312 imaging technique http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ERO_0000007 technique A technique used to create a representation or reproduction of an object's outward form; especially a visual representation (i.e., the formation of an image). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ERO_0001330 neuropsychological testing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0000070 assay A physiological assay that utilizes systematic administration of defined procedures to measure specific psychological functions known to be linked to particular brain structures or pathways in humans. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGMS_0000073 diagnosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGMS_0000123 clinical data item The representation of a conclusion of a diagnostic process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FMA_14065 Organ component http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FMA_82472 Cardinal organ part Cardinal organ part which is bounded predominantly by bonafide boundaries. Examples: lobe of lung, osteon, acinus, submucosa, anterior leaflet of mitral valve, capsule of kidney, cortical bone, muscle fasciculus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FMA_55652 Anatomical set http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FMA_67135 Anatomical structure Material anatomical entity which consists of the maximum number of discontinuous members of the same class. Examples: set of cranial nerves, ventral branches of aorta, set of mammary arteries, thoracic viscera, dental arcade. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FMA_63887 Biological macromolecule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FMA_67135 Anatomical structure Anatomical structure which has as its parts one or more ordered aggregates of nucleotide, amino acid fatty acid or sugar molecules bonded to one another. Examples: collagen, DNA, neurotransmitter, troponin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FMA_67135 Anatomical structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FMA_67165 Material anatomical entity Material anatomical entity which is generated by coordinated expression of the organism's own genes that guide its morphogenesis; has inherent 3D shape; its parts are connected and spatially related to one another in patterns determined by coordinated gene expression. Examples: heart, right ventricle, mitral valve, myocardium, endothelium, lymphocyte, fibroblast, thorax, cardiovascular system, hemoglobin, T cell receptor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FMA_67301 Cell body http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FMA_67135 Anatomical structure Cell component which consists of the plasma membrane and the cytoplasm surrounding the nucleus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FMA_68646 Cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FMA_67135 Anatomical structure Anatomical structure which has as its boundary the external surface of a maximally connected plasma membrane. Examples: lymphocyte, fibroblast, erythrocyte, neuron. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FMA_82472 Cardinal organ part http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FMA_67135 Anatomical structure anatomical structure which has as its direct parts two or more types of tissue and is continuous with one or more anatomical structures likewise constituted by two or more portions of tissues distinct from those of their complement. Examples: osteon, cortical bone, neck of femur, bronchopulmonary segment, left lobe of liver, anterior right side of heart, interventricular branch of left coronary artery, right atrium, mitral valve, head of pancreas. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FMA_86103 Region of organ component http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FMA_82472 Cardinal organ part Cardinal organ part which is a fiat subdivision of an organ component. Examples: cervical part of wall of esophagus, mucosa of body of stomach. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FMA_86140 Organ segment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FMA_67619 Organ region Organ region with one or more anchored fiat boundaries. Examples: artery, trunk of nerve, cervical part of esophagus, pelvic part of vagina, horn of thyroid cartilage, anterior segment of eyeball. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FMA_82553 Ventricle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004923 organ component layer General anatomical term which refers to a chamber of an organ with cavitated organ parts. Examples: right ventricle of heart, lateral ventricle of brain. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BTO_0002496 dentate gyrus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FMA_62493 Hippocampus A serrated strip of gray matter under the medial border of the hippocampus and in its depths; it is an archaeocortex which develops along the edge of the hippocampal fissure and which consists of molecular, granular, and polymorphic layers. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BTO_0002774 amyloid plaque http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0012639 Abnormal nervous system morphology A plaque consisting of tangles of amyloid protein in nervous tissue (a pathological mark of Alzheimer's disease). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C19146 In Vitro Model http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C17456 Experimental Model In vitro (Latin for within the glass) refers to the technique of performing a given procedure in a controlled environment outside of a living organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C19148 In Vivo Model http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C17456 Experimental Model In vivo (Latin for “within the living”) refers to experimentation using a whole, living organism as opposed to a partial or dead organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C19272 Transgenic Model http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C71164 Animal Model A disease in a transgenic animal with pathologic mechanisms sufficiently similar to those of a human disease for the animal disease to serve as a model. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C21097 Sedation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGMS_0000112 therapeutic procedure The process of allaying nervous excitement or the state of being calmed. (Taber's) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C21217 Synuclein Family http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C20130 Protein Family Small, soluble Synuclein Family proteins are a group of highly conserved post-transcriptionally modified Alpha, Beta, and Gamma proteins expressed primarily in neural tissue and often localized near synaptic vesicles. Synucleins may inhibit PLD2 and regulate vesicular transport. In the N-terminal portion, synucleins have a conserved repeated 11-residue amphipathic alpha-helical motif similar to the lipid-binding A2 domain of apolipoproteins. Synucleins also contain several repeated variations of a highly conserved KTKEGV domain, also present in rho family proteins. In brain, synucleins may be phosphorylated by Ca2+ calmodulin protein kinase II. Synucleins are overexpressed in breast carcinomas and mutations are associated with neurodegenerative illnesses. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C25506 Factor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000019 quality Anything that contributes causally to a result. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C34660 Head Injury http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGMS_0000045 disorder A traumatic injury to the head. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C49686 Phase IIa Trial http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C70820 Clinical Study by Phase A clinical research protocol generally referred to as a pilot or feasibility trial that aims to prove the concept of the new intervention in question. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C49688 Phase IIb Trial http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C70820 Clinical Study by Phase A clinical research protocol generally referred to as a well-controlled and pivotal trial that aims to prove the mechanism of action of the new intervention in question. A pivotal study will generally be well-controlled, randomized, of adequate size, and whenever possible, double-blind. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C53360 Age-Adjusted Mortality Rate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBCS_0000231 mortality rate The death rate, or proportion of a given population that dies, during a specified time period, statistically modified to eliminate the effect of the various age distributions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C67360 Attributable Risk http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000016 disposition Part of a risk that is identified as due to exposure to a defined factor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C79569 Bapineuzumab http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C15262 Immunotherapy A humanized monoclonal antibody (IgG1) raised against amyloid beta peptides with Alzheimer disease treatment application. Bapineuzumab recognizes and binds the N-terminal amino acids 1-5 of the amyloid beta peptide, and may be used in a passive immunotherapy treatment. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C150129 Circulating Protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C20031 Extracellular Protein Protein found in the peripheral blood. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100088 late-onset familial alzheimer disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100087 familial Alzheimer disease A form of familial Alzheimer disease, that begins after age 65. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_176843 vitamin B12 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35352 organonitrogen compound Any member of a group of cobalamin vitamers that exhibit biological activity against vitamin B12 deficiency. Vitamin B12 deficiency is associated with low red blood cell count and anemia. The vitamers are found in foods such as cereals, meat, fish, and poultry. The vitamers include adenosylcobalamin, hydroxocobalamin, cyanocobalamin, aquacobalamin, nitritocobalamin and methylcobabalamin (also includes their ionized, salt and phosphate derivatives). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ExO_0000148 Korean http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ExO_0000109 race A person having origins in any of the original peoples of Korea. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ExO_0000144 Guamanian http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ExO_0000109 race Denotes inhabitants of Guam, an island in the North Pacific Ocean, about three-quarters of the way from Hawaii to the Philippines, south of the Northern Mariana Islands. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ExO_0000157 Vietnamese http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ExO_0000109 race A person having origins in any of the original peoples of Vietnam. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ExO_0000149 Latino http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ExO_0000109 race A person of Cuban, Mexican, Puerto Rican, South or Central American, or other Spanish culture or origin, regardless of race. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ExO_0000154 Pacific Islander http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ExO_0000109 race A person having origins in the original peoples of the Pacific Islands, but not Guam, Hawaii, the Mariana Islands or Samoa. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C111794 Notch Receptor Intracellular Domain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000040 material entity The free carboxy-terminal intracellular domain (ICD) of a notch family protein, which is a product of regulated intramembrane proteolysis mediated by the gamma-secretase enzyme complex. This protein fragment is involved in transcriptional regulation of target genes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C19332 Personal Attribute http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000030 information content entity The distinguishing qualities or prominent aspects of an individual person. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C20993 Research or Clinical Assessment Tool http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GENEPIO_0001420 diagnostic test Any evaluation or assessment tool used to ascertain a patient's condition or diagnosis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C91102 Clinical or Research Assessment Question http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C20993 Research or Clinical Assessment Tool A question pertaining to a clinical or research assessment. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C91105 Clinical or Research Assessment Questionnaire http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C20993 Research or Clinical Assessment Tool An instrument consisting of a predetermined set of questions for a clinical or research assessment. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C123667 Montreal Cognitive Assessment Functional Test http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C20993 Research or Clinical Assessment Tool A standardized rating scale developed by Ziad Nasreddine in 1996 to screen for mild cognitive dysfunction and impairment. This instrument assesses the following cognitive domains: attention and concentration, executive functions, memory, language, visuoconstructional skills, conceptual thinking, calculations, and orientation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C123668 Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Functional Test http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C20993 Research or Clinical Assessment Tool A standardized rating scale modified from A. Rey in 1964 and Ceffen et al in 1994, which is used to evaluate verbal learning and memory abilities in both children and adults. The questionnaire contains 36 items and assesses overall memory performance, immediate span of memory for words, acquisition rate, interference effects, and recognition. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C25214 Evaluation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0000011 planned process Systematic, objective appraisal of the significance, effectiveness, and impact of activities or condition according to specified objectives and criteria. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C3399 Swelling http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000567 general symptom Enlargement; expansion in size; sign of inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C71164 Animal Model http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C19148 In Vivo Model An animal that is amenable to experimentation and whose physiological or pathologic mechanisms are sufficiently similar to those of a human for the animal to serve as a model. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C14211 Guinea Pig http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C71164 Animal Model The domesticated guinea pig, Cavia porcellus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C15206 Clinical Study http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ERO_0000015 human study Research conducted with human subjects or on material of human origin in which an investigator directly interacts with human subjects; includes development of new technologies, study of mechanisms of human diseases, therapy, clinical trials, epidemiologic, behavior, and health services research. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C15273 Longitudinal Study http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C15206 Clinical Study A study in which participants with no known disease are initially assessed, and then reassessed for the same characteristic at mutiple timepoints in the future. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C15327 Lumbar Puncture http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0000659 specimen collection An invasive procedure in which a hollow needle is introduced through an intervertebral space in the lower back to access the subarachnoid space in order to sample cerebrospinal fluid or to administer medication. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C15362 Case Study http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ERO_0000015 human study An uncontrolled observational study containing a detailed report of the diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of an individual patient. Case reports also contain some demographic information about the patient (for example, age, gender, ethnic origin). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C15709 Genetic Testing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0000070 assay The process of isolating and testing the DNA of an embryo or a person to detect the presence of genetic alterations or defects that may predispose to the future development of a disease or disorder. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C15719 Surveillance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ERO_0000017 epidemiological study The systematic collection, analysis, and interpretation of health data on an ongoing basis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C98241 Thiazolidinedione Antidiabetic Agent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MAXO_0000058 pharmacotherapy Any antidiabetic agent with the glitazone (thiazolidinedione) base structure with antihyperglycemic activity. Glitazone antidiabetic agents selectively bind to and stimulate the nuclear receptor peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) gamma. This results in the selective transcription of a number of insulin-sensitive genes involved in glucose metabolism. This eventually enhances insulin sensitivity, reduces insulin resistance and decreases hepatic gluconeogenesis. PPARs function as transcription factors that regulate expressions of genes involved in cellular differentiation, development, and metabolism (carbohydrate, lipid, protein), as well as tumorigenesis; PPARgamma is expressed at high levels in adipose tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C46079 Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C15206 Clinical Study A study in which the participants are assigned by chance to separate groups to evaluate treatments. The study also includes a control group, which is undergoing the same rigors of the study with placebo treatment or standard treatment. The trial can also be controlled by the addition of a test group to ensure there are no factors present to skew the results and by the inclusion of peer-review analysis by appropriate government officials. 2005 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C46084 Memory Dysfunction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_1561 cognitive disorder Interference or disruption of memory processes. Memory dysfunction refers to the inability to store and retrieve information. This term encompasses a large number of problems and issues associated with intellectual functioning. 2005 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C48202 Nested Case-control Study http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C15273 Longitudinal Study A study in which a group or cohort of individuals is followed for a certain length of time or until a specific outcome is reached. Studies of this type incorporate the strengths of both cohort and case-control studies but eliminates a portion of the methodologic challenges inherent in both types of studies. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C48261 Screening http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0000011 planned process A systematic examination or assessment. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C49159 Proportion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBCS_0000001 statistical data analysis A part, fraction, share, or number considered in relation to the whole amount or number. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C62716 Wide Range Achievement Test, 3rd Edition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C20993 Research or Clinical Assessment Tool Measures basic skills in reading, arithmetic, and spelling. It is a screening test that can be administered to determine if a more comprehensive achievement test is needed. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C84809 Beta Amyloid 42 Measurement http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MMO_0000000 measurement method The determination of the amount of the 1-42 amino acid beta amyloid protein isoform present in a sample. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C84810 Tau Protein Measurement http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MMO_0000000 measurement method The determination of the amount of Tau protein present in a sample. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C84812 Phosphorylated Tau Protein Measurement http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MMO_0000000 measurement method The determination of the amount of phosphorylated Tau protein present in a sample. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_145810 insulin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35352 organonitrogen compound A peptide hormone which consists of two polypeptide chains, A- and B- chains which are linked together by disulfide bonds. The amino acid sequence of insulin varies across species and certain segments of the molecule are highly conserved. In most species, the A chain consists of 21 amino acids and the B chain consists of 30 amino acids. In mammals, insulin is synthesised in the pancreas within the beta cells whereas in certain species of fish, the insulin-producing tissue is uniquely located in separate structures called Brockmann bodies. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GSSO_000660 case report http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000030 information content entity A case report is a detailed report of the symptoms, signs, diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up of an individual patient. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GSSO_005860 model http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000004 independent continuant A person who serves as a subject for artwork or fashion, usually in the medium of photography but also for painting or drawing. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_2000029 central nervous system neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000540 neuron Any neuron that is part of a central nervous system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C103400 FDG-Positron Emission Tomography http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ERO_0001312 imaging technique An imaging technique that utilizes positron emission tomography to produce a three-dimensional image of functional processes in the body. The system detects pairs of gamma rays emitted indirectly by a positron-emitting radionuclide (tracer), which is introduced into the body on the biologically active molecule (fludeoxyglucose) FDG. FDG is an analogue of glucose which when imaged will give tissue metabolic activity, in terms of regional glucose uptake. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C105165 Disability Assessment for Dementia Questionnaire http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C91105 Clinical or Research Assessment Questionnaire A standardized questionnaire developed by Gelinas et al in 1998, which is used to measure the changes in functional activities in patients with Alzheimer's disease. The questionnaire contains 40 items across 3 domains; basic activities of daily living, instrumental activities of daily living and leisure activities. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C105166 Alzheimer's Disease Cooperative Study Activities of Daily Living Inventory Questionnaire http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C91105 Clinical or Research Assessment Questionnaire A standardized questionnaire developed by Galasko et al in 1997 as part of the Alzheimer's disease cooperative study, which is used to measure the performance of activities of daily living by patients diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease. The questionnaire contains 23 items (and a number of sub-items within the 23 main items) with a range of preset answers that are assigned points based on performance. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C129646 Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Family http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C20130 Protein Family A sub-family of the cysteine knot platelet-derived growth factor family. Members of the vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) family play a role in the promotion of embryonic vasculogenesis and the stimulation of angiogenesis during physiologic and pathologic processes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C16436 Chromogranin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C1746 Peptide Hormone Chromogranins are acidic secretory glycoproteins with a widespread but specific distribution in neuroendocrine tissues. The chromogranin family is heterogenous, consisting of propeptides such as chromogranin-A, chromogranin-B and secretogranin II, which can either elicit an effect themselves, or serve as precursors to a large number of peptides, which are biologically more active. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C16672 Heat Shock Protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C20130 Protein Family A family of highly-conserved proteins that are synthesized in response to hyperthermia (heat shock), hypoxia, or other stresses that appear to increase cellular thermal tolerance and enable cells to recover from stress. Some heat shock proteins may protect other proteins from denaturation, degradation or perform functions essential to cell survival under these conditions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C17204 Computed Tomography http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C16502 Diagnostic Imaging A method of examining structures within the body by scanning them with X rays and using a computer to construct a series of cross-sectional scans along a single axis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C17486 CCAAT Enhancer Binding Protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C16518 DNA Binding Protein A protein which binds to enhancers having a conserved CCAAT sequence. CCAAT enhancer binding proteins are a subclass of bZIP transcription factors that bind the CCAAT DNA sequence as homo- or heterodimers with other family members, C/EBP-alpha, beta, gamma, delta, epsilon. They include both transcriptional activators and repressors, and some are involved in myelopoiesis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C17765 Heat Shock Protein 70 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C16672 Heat Shock Protein A family of structurally related proteins that are involved in both protein folding and cellular stress responses. The members of this family are approximately 70 kDa. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C21523 Complement Component Protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OMIT_0003158 Blood Proteins Any of the serum proteins that interact with antigen antibody complex to produce cytolytic, chemotaxic, anaphylactic, and other effects. (from CSP2000) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C95114 Gamma Secretase http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MI_0501 enzyme A protein complex that plays a role in the intramembrane cleavage of integral proteins such as Notch receptors and amyloid beta A4 protein. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C16809 Magnetic Resonance Imaging http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MMO_0000000 measurement method Imaging that uses radiofrequency waves and a strong magnetic field rather than x-rays to provide detailed pictures of internal organs and tissues. The technique is valuable for the diagnosis of many pathologic conditions, including cancer, heart and vascular disease, stroke, and joint and musculoskeletal disorders. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C16866 Model http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000030 information content entity A representation of something, often idealized or modified to make it conceptually easier to understand. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C20391 Neurotrophic Factor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein A family of protein growth factors produced by the nervous system and peripheral target tissues. These proteins are critical for development, growth, regeneration, survival, and differentiation of neurons. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C21051 Epigenetic Process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C17710 Subcellular Process Changes in the regulation of the expression of gene activity without alteration of genetic structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C25662 Sampling http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0000094 material processing The selection and obtaining of small representative quantities of biological material for the purpose of analysis; also, in biomedical statistics, sampling is the selection and implementation of statistical observations in order to estimate properties of an underlying population; also, in environmental science, the collection of representative specimens analyzed to characterize site conditions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C12534 Non-Granular Leukocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000738 leukocyte A white blood cell that lacks cytoplasmic granules with an affinity for specific biological stains; typically, a lymphocyte, monocyte, or plasma cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C125410 Have Difficulty Swallowing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C91102 Clinical or Research Assessment Question A question about whether an individual has or had difficulty in swallowing. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C125913 Have Indigestion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C91102 Clinical or Research Assessment Question A question about whether an individual has or had indigestion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C16631 Genotype http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000019 quality The genetic constitution of an organism or cell, as distinct from its expressed features or phenotype. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C38101 X-Ray Imaging http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C16502 Diagnostic Imaging A radiographic procedure using the emission of x-rays to form an image of the structure penetrated by the radiation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C463 Eicosanoid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_18059 lipid A class of fatty acids derived from the oxidation of one of three 20-carbon fatty acids: eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), arachidonic acid (AA), or dihomo-gamma-linolenic acid (DGLA). Eicosanoids act locally as autocrine or paracrine hormones to modulate a wide variety of biological processes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C16795 Lifestyle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0007610 behavior A manner of living that reflects the person's values and attitudes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C16811 Magnetoencephalography http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ERO_0001312 imaging technique The measurement of the magnetic fields produced by electrical activity in the brain, usually conducted externally, using extremely sensitive devices. The measurement of electric fields in the brain provides information about the localization of brain activity which is complementary to that provided by electroencephalography. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C17710 Subcellular Process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0008150 biological_process An intracellular or extracellular function, activity, or process principally involving intracellular or extracellular components. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C17958 Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C19609 Functional Imaging The principle of functional MRI imaging is to take a series of images of an organ in quick succession and to statistically analyze the images for differences among them. Most commonly used in studies of brain function. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C18103 Protein Synthesis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C17710 Subcellular Process Protein synthesis is the group of processes that are involved in generation of mature protein molecules. Although protein synthesis may involve translation alone in many cases, in others, it involves also protein folding, integration of prosthetic groups, glycosylation, methylation, phosphorylation, lipidation and any other process that may be involved in maturation of the polypeptide to the biologically active form. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C19609 Functional Imaging http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ERO_0001312 imaging technique The visualization of physiological, cellular or molecular processes in living tissue in real time as they take place in cells, for example, blood flow, oxygen consumption or glucose metabolism. (Bypass Budget) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C2020 Farnesyl Transferase Inhibitor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23924 enzyme inhibitor Any substance that inhibits protein farnesyltransferase, an enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of a farnesyl moiety from farnesyl pyrophosphate to a cysteine. Protein farnesyltransferase is involved in Ras-mediated post-translational modification. Inhibition of protein farnesyltransferase may inhibit the oncogenic activity of Ras. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C80519 Biological Model http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000040 material entity Systems designed to elucidate facts about complex biological phenomena, usually in a less complex or theoretical test environment. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C98772 Primary Outcome Measure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000000 clinical measurement The primary measurement(s) or observation(s) used to measure the effect of experimental variables in a study, or for observational studies, to describe patterns of diseases or traits or associations with exposures, risk factors or treatment. These are the outcome measures used to assess the primary objective(s). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C98781 Secondary Outcome Measure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000000 clinical measurement Other key measures that will be used to evaluate the intervention(s) or, for observational studies, that are a focus of the study. These are the outcome measures used to assess the secondary objective(s). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_138655 protectin D1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33582 carbon group molecular entity A dihydroxydocosahexaenoic acid that is (4Z,7Z,11E,13E,15Z,19Z)-docosahexaenoic acid in which the two hydroxy substituents are located at positions 10 and 17 (the 10R,17S-stereoisomer). Protectin D1 is one of the specialised proresolving mediators. When produced in neural tissues, it is called neuroprotectin D1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MAXO_0000058 pharmacotherapy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGMS_0000112 therapeutic procedure Use of a substance introduced into a living organism with therapeutic or diagnostic purpose. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MAXO_0000171 antidementia agent therapy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MAXO_0000058 pharmacotherapy Treatment with medications to improve cognition and function for patients with dementia. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MAXO_0000181 cardiovascular agent therapy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MAXO_0000058 pharmacotherapy Use of a drug that affects the rate or intensity of cardiac contraction, blood vessel diameter or blood volume. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MAXO_0000210 cholinesterase inhibitor therapy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MAXO_0000648 enzyme inhibitor agent therapy They are a group of drugs that block the normal breakdown of acetylcholine (ACh) into acetate and choline and thereby increase both the levels and duration of actions of acetylcholine found in the central and peripheral nervous system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100087 familial Alzheimer disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_10652 Alzheimer's disease A degenerative disease of the brain that causes gradual loss of memory, judgment, and the ability to function socially. About 25% of all Alzheimer disease is familial (more than 2 people in a family have AD). When Alzheimer disease begins before 60 or 65 years of age (early-onset AD) about 60% of the cases are familial (also known as Early-onset familial AD). These cases appear to be inherited in an autosomal dominant manner. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OPMI_0000445 biomarker http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000040 material entity A material entity that has a measurable quality or process profile(s), which can be used as an indicator of an underlying biological state or identity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C137847 Current Difficulty Learning New Tasks or Instructions http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C91102 Clinical or Research Assessment Question A question about how much difficulty an individual currently has learning new tasks or instructions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/STATO_0000412 prevalence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/STATO_0000184 ratio prevalence is a ratio formed by the number of subjects diagnosed with a disease divided by the total population size. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/STATO_0000413 incidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/STATO_0000184 ratio Incidence is the ratio of the number of new cases of a disease divided by the number of persons at risk for the disease. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/STATO_0000414 mortality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/STATO_0000184 ratio mortality is a ratio formed by the number of deaths due to a disease divided by the total population size. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_176842 vitamin B9 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35352 organonitrogen compound Any B-vitamin that exhibits biological activity against vitamin B9 deficiency. Vitamin B9 refers to the many forms of folic acid and its derivatives, including tetrahydrofolic acid (the active form), methyltetrahydrofolate (the primary form found in blood), methenyltetrahydrofolate, folinic acid amongst others. They are present in abundance in green leafy vegetables, citrus fruits, and animal products. Lack of vitamin B9 leads to anemia, a condition in which the body cannot produce sufficient number of red blood cells. Symptoms of vitamin B9 deficiency include fatigue, muscle weakness, and pale skin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BTO_0000771 macroglia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000255 eukaryotic cell Neuroglial cells of ectodermal origin, i.e., the astrocytes and oligodendrocytes considered together. Originally, the term was used for the astrocytes alone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ExO_0000134 American Indian http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ExO_0000109 race Denotes a person having origins in one of the indigenous peoples of North America, who lived on the continent prior to the European colonization. The term includes individuals belonging to a large number of tribes, states, and ethnic groups, many of them still enduring as communities. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ExO_0000152 Native Hawaiian http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ExO_0000109 race A person having origins in any of the original peoples of Hawaii. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ExO_0000147 Japanese http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ExO_0000109 race A person having origins in any of the original peoples of Japan. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ExO_0000156 Samoan http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ExO_0000109 race A person having origins in any of the original peoples of Samoa. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ExO_0000146 Inuit http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ExO_0000109 race A general term for a group of culturally similar indigenous peoples inhabiting the Arctic regions of Canada, Greenland, Russia and the United States. In Alaska, the term Eskimo is commonly used, because it includes both Yupik and Inupiat, while Inuit is not accepted as a collective term. In Canada and Greenland, the term Eskimo has fallen out of favor, as it is considered pejorative by the natives and has been replaced by the term Inuit. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0015140 early-onset autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100087 familial Alzheimer disease Early-onset autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease (EOAD) is a progressive dementia with reduction of cognitive functions. EOAD presents the same phenotype as sporadic Alzheimer disease (AD) but has an early age of onset, usually before 60 years old. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0032316 Family history http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGMS_0000015 clinical history Information about close relatives of an individual who is the proband of a study or who is being investigated with the goal of identifying a medical diagnosis. Usually, the family history includes information from three generations of relatives, including children, brothers and sisters, parents, aunts and uncles, nieces and nephews, grandparents, and cousins. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0032443 Past medical history http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C19332 Personal Attribute In a medical encounter, the physician generally will interview the patient about his or her current problem, and may perform additional testing. The past medical history (PMH) in contrast records information about the patient's medical, personal and family history that might be relevant to the presenting illness or to provide optimal clinical management. The PMH generally includes (if relevant) other major illnesses, hospitalizations, surgeries, injuries, allergies, gynecologic and obstetric history, family history, personal history including occupational history, alcohol and drug use, etc. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MAXO_0000003 diagnostic procedure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OAE_0000002 medical intervention Any procedure or test to diagnose a disease or disorder. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MAXO_0000487 clinical assessment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MAXO_0000003 diagnostic procedure A measurement performed in a clinical setting using clinician's observations and instrument data to inform patient care and research. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ExO_0000140 Cuban http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ExO_0000109 race A person of Cuban culture or origin, regardless of race. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C40438 Beck Depression Inventory http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C20993 Research or Clinical Assessment Tool A twenty-one question survey completed by a patient, with each answer scored on a scale of 0 to 3, designed to measure presence of depression. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GECKO_0000119 cognitive measurement http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000109 measurement datum A psychological measurement of some aspect of intellectual functions such as memory, problem solving, and comprehension. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GECKO_0000134 Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale score http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GECKO_0000119 cognitive measurement A cognitive measurement that is an output (score) from the Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GECKO_0000135 Mini-Mental State Exam score http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GECKO_0000119 cognitive measurement A cognitive measurement that is an output (score) from the Mini-Mental State Exam. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000061 inflammation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000567 general symptom Inflammation is a general symptom where there is a local response to cellular injury that is marked by capillary dilatation, leukocytic infiltration, redness, heat, pain, swelling, and often loss of function and that serves as a mechanism initiating the elimination of noxious agents and of damaged tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000099 pain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000480 nervous system symptom A sensation perception where there is an unpleasant sensation that usually indicates the body is threatened or damaged. The sensation may be sharp or dull, short-lived or chronic, intermittent or continual, confined to one area or spread over the entire body. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000412 anxiety http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000410 neurological and physiological symptom Anxiety is a neurological and physiological symptom characterized by a painful or apprehensive uneasiness of mind usually over an impending or anticipated ill. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000434 urticaria http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000488 skin and integumentary tissue symptom Urticaria is a skin and integumentary tissue symptom characterized by raised red skin wheals (welts) commonly caused by an allergic reaction with wheals that may vary in size from about 5 mm (0.2 inches) in diameter to the size of a dinner plate that are described as severely itchy a stingnig or burning sensation, and having a pale border. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000458 nausea http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000459 digestive system symptom Nausea is a digestive system symptom characterized by an uneasy or unsettled feeling in the stomach together with an urge to vomit. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000504 headache http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000099 pain Headache is a pain characterized by a pain in the head. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0019180 constipation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000459 digestive system symptom Constipation is a feces and droppings symptom involving the abnormally delayed or infrequent passage of dry hardened feces. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ExO_0000155 Puerto Rican http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ExO_0000109 race A person of Puerto Rican descent. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C41189 Study Subject http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0500000 study design A matter or an individual that is observed, analyzed, examined, investigated, experimented upon, or/and treated in the course of a particular study. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C54721 Phase 0 Trial http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C70820 Clinical Study by Phase A clinical trial that uses an investigational agent that is available only in very limited quantities and which has never previously given to humans or for which there is extremely limited human experience. Phase 0 clinical trials are intended to enable researchers to understand the path of the drug in the body and its efficacy. Adverse event reporting in Phase 0 trials is expedited. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGMS_0000112 therapeutic procedure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGMS_0000090 treatment A treatment whose completion is hypothesized by a health care provider to eliminate a disorder or to alleviate the signs and symptoms of a disorder or pathological process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGMS_0000118 onset http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0000278 disease stage A disease stage that marks the beginning of a disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGMS_0000123 clinical data item http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000027 data item a data item that is about a patient and is the specified output of a health care process assay or diagnostic process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CTO_0000005 masking design http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000030 information content entity The party or parties involved in the clinical trial who are prevented from having knowledge of the interventions assigned to individual participants. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CTO_0000114 open blinded design http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CTO_0000005 masking design a study design in which the subjects and the investigators are permitted to know which subject is receiving which treatment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0009015 SH-SY5Y cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C19146 In Vitro Model SH-SY5Y http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000148 zero-dimensional temporal region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000008 temporal region temporal instant. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000000002 A2M http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens S863-7 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000000019 ABCA1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens TGD http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000000043 ACHE http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens N-ACHE http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000000048 ACO1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens IRP1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000000058 ACTA1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens MPFD http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000000102 ADAM10 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens AD18 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000000156 ADRBK1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens GRK2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000000177 AGER http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens RAGE http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000000207 AKT1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens CWS6 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000000213 ALB http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens PRO1341 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000000217 ALDH2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens ALDM http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000000240 ALOX5 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens 5-LOX http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000000274 BIN1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens SH3P9 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000000317 APAF1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens CED4 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000000320 APBA1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens X11ALPHA http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000000322 APBB1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens RIR http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000000324 APC http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens PPP1R46 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000000327 APEH http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens D3S48E http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000000328 APEX1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens HAP1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000000333 APLP1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens APLP http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000000334 APLP2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens APPH http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000000346 APOC4 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens APOC-IV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000000348 APOE http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens LDLCQ5 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000000351 APP http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens CTFgamma http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000000355 FAS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens FASTM http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000000387 RHOA http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens RHOH12 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000000487 ATP2A1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens ATP2A http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000000572 BAD http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens BCL2L8 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000000573 BAG1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens RAP46 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000000581 BAX http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens BCL2L4 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000000590 BCHE http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens CHE2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000000595 CCND1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens U21B31 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000000596 BCL2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens Bcl-2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000000598 BCL2L1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens bcl-xL http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000000627 BDNF http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens BULN2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000000637 BID http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens FP497 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000000643 CXCR5 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens MDR15 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000000717 C2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens CO2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000000718 C3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens HEL-S-62p http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000000759 CA1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens HEL-S-11 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000000801 CALM1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens PHKD http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000000805 CALM2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens PHKD2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000000824 CAPN2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens mCANP http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000000834 CASP1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens P45 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000000835 CASP2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens PPP1R57 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000000836 CASP3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens SCA-1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000000839 CASP6 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens MCH2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000000840 CASP7 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens LICE2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000000841 CASP8 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens Casp-8 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000000842 CASP9 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens PPP1R56 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000000857 CAV1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens PPH3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000000875 CBS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens HIP4 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000000890 CCNA2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens CCNA http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000000891 CCNB1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens CCNB http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000000898 CCNE1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens CCNE http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000000915 CD3D http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens CD3-DELTA http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000000916 CD3E http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens IMD18 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000000917 CD3G http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens CD3-GAMMA http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000000919 CD247 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens CD3Q http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000000920 CD4 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens CD4mut http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000000945 CD33 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens p67 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000000948 CD36 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens SCARB3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000000983 CDK1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens P34CDC2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000000998 CDC42 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens G25K http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000001000 CDH2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens NCAD http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000001019 CDK4 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens CMM3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000001020 CDK5 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens PSSALRE http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000001026 CDKN1A http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens p21CIP1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000001029 CDKN2A http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens P14ARF http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000001071 CETP http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens HDLCQ10 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000001128 CHRM1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens M1R http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000001137 CHRNA4 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens NACRA4 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000001139 CHRNA7 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens CHRNA7-2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000001141 CHRNB2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens nAChRB2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000001191 CLU http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens CLU2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000001230 CCR1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens SCYAR1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000001232 CCR3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens CMKBR3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000001233 CCR4 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens K5-5 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000001234 CCR5 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens IDDM22 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000001235 CCR6 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens CD196 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000001236 CCR7 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens EBI1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000001237 CCR8 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens TER1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000001267 CNP http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens CNP1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000001378 CR1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens CD35 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000001385 CREB1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens CREB http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000001400 CRMP1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens DPYSL1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000001432 MAPK14 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens p38ALPHA http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000001434 CSE1L http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens XPO2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000001435 CSF1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens MCSF http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000001444 CSHL1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens hCS-L http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000001452 CSNK1A1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens HEL-S-77p http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000001471 CST3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens ARMD11 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000001499 CTNNB1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens armadillo http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000001588 CYP19A1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens P-450AROM http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000001612 DAPK1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens DAPK http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000001636 ACE http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens MVCD3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000001742 DLG4 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens PSD95 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000001761 DMRT1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens CT154 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000001808 DPYSL2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens ULIP2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000001809 DPYSL3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens ULIP-1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000001855 DVL1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens DVL1P1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000001859 DYRK1A http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens MRD7 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000001889 ECE1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens ECE http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000001906 EDN1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens QME http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000001950 EGF http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens URG http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000001956 EGFR http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens mENA http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000001978 EIF4EBP1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens PHAS-I http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000002041 EPHA1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens EPHT1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000002081 ERN1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens hIRE1p http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000002099 ESR1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens ESTRR http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000002185 PTK2B http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens PYK2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000002222 FDFT1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens ERG9 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000002224 FDPS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens FPPS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000002308 FOXO1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens FKHR http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000002332 FMR1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens POF1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000002339 FNTA http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens PTAR2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000002475 MTOR http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens RAPT1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000002512 FTL http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens LFTD http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000002534 FYN http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens SYN http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000002587 GALR1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens GALNR1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000002597 GAPDH http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens HEL-S-162eP http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000002664 GDI1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens XAP-4 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000002665 GDI2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens RABGDIB http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000002673 GFPT1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens MSLG http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000002720 GLB1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens MPS4B http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000002776 GNAQ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens SWS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000002805 GOT1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens ASTQTL1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000002806 GOT2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens mitAAT http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000002821 GPI http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens SA36 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000002833 CXCR3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens MigR http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000002876 GPX1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens GPXD http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000002896 GRN http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens PGRN http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000002903 GRIN2A http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens NR2A http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000002904 GRIN2B http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens hNR3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000002908 NR3C1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens GCCR http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000002919 CXCL1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens SCYB1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000002936 GSR http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens HEL-75 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000002997 GYS1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens GYS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000003028 HSD17B10 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens SDR5C1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000003064 HTT http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens IT15 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000003084 NRG1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens SMDF http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000003091 HIF1A http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens PASD8 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000003127 HLA-DRB5 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens HLA-DRB http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000003146 HMGB1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens SBP-1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000003156 HMGCR http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens LDLCQ3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000003162 HMOX1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens bK286B10 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000003304 HSPA1B http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens HSP70-2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000003309 HSPA5 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens HEL-S-89n http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000003329 HSPD1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens SPG13 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000003383 ICAM1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens P3.58 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000003416 IDE http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens INSULYSIN http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000003458 IFNG http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens IFI http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000003479 IGF1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens IGFI http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000003480 IGF1R http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens JTK13 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000003551 IKBKB http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens IMD15 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000003552 IL1A http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens IL1-ALPHA http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000003553 IL1B http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens IL1-BETA http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000003562 IL3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens MULTI-CSF http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000003565 IL4 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens BCGF1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000003566 IL4R http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens IL4RA http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000003569 IL6 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens IFNB2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000003570 IL6R http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens IL6RQ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000003576 IL8 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens NAP1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000003577 CXCR1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens IL8RBA http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000003579 CXCR2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens IL8R2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000003586 IL10 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens GVHDS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000003589 IL11 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens AGIF http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000003592 IL12A http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens P35 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000003603 IL16 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens PRIL16 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000003606 IL18 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens IL1F4 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000003630 INS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens IRDN http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000003635 INPP5D http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens p150Ship http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000003643 INSR http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens HHF5 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000003658 IREB2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens IRP2AD http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000003667 IRS1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens HIRS-1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000003717 JAK2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens THCYT3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000003725 JUN http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens c-Jun http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000083464 APH1B http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens TAAV688 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000083734 ATG10 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens pp12616 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000083939 EIF2A http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens MSTP089 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000084148 KAT8 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens ZC2HC8 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000084335 AKT1S1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens PRAS40 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000084547 PGBD1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens dJ874C20.4 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000084876 ORAI1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens IMD9 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000089832 CHRFAM7A http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens D-10 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000090332 EXOC3L2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens XTP7 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000090865 IL33 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens NFEHEV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000114548 NLRP3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens AGTAVPRL http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000114815 SORCS1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens hSorCS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000115701 ALPK2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens HAK http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000116449 CLNK http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens MIST http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000123041 SLC24A4 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens SLC24A2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000255022 CALHM1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens FAM26C http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000267015 HLA-S http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2070009606 pseudo gene of Homo sapiens HLA-17 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3100125288 ZGLP1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens GATAD3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000008301 PICALM http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens CLTH http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000008312 AXIN1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens PPP1R49 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000008313 AXIN2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens ODCRCS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000008408 ULK1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens hATG1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000008473 OGT http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens O-GLCNAC http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000008520 HAT1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens KAT1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000008573 CASK http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens TNRC8 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000008654 PDE5A http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens PDE5 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000008660 IRS2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens IRS-2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000008678 BECN1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens beclin1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000008685 MARCO http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens SCARA2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000008717 TRADD http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens Hs.89862 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000008739 HRK http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens HARAKIRI http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000008767 RIPK2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens GIG30 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000008772 FADD http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens MORT1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000008781 PSPHP1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2070009606 pseudo gene of Homo sapiens PSPHL http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000008794 TNFRSF10C http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens TRID http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000008811 GALR2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens GALR-2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000008820 HESX1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens RPX http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000008840 WISP1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens WISP1tc http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000008851 CDK5R1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens p35nck5a http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000008877 SPHK1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens SPHK http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000008945 BTRC http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens bTrCP1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000009023 CH25H http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens C25H http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000009039 UBA3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens NAE2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000009040 UBE2M http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens hUbc12 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000009140 ATG12 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens HAPG12 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000009445 ITM2B http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens E3-16 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000009446 GSTO1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens SPG-R http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000009451 EIF2AK3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens WRS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000009453 GGPS1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens GGPPS1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000009474 ATG5 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens APG5-LIKE http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000009479 MAPK8IP1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens PRKM8IP http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000009507 ADAMTS4 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens ADAMTS-4 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000009518 GDF15 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens PLAB http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000009532 BAG2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens dJ417I1.2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000009559 VPS26A http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens VPS26 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000009611 NCOR1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens hN-CoR http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000009612 NCOR2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens SMRTE-tau http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000009776 ATG13 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens PARATARG8 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000009818 NUPL1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens PRO2463 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000009821 RB1CC1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens FIP200 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000009945 GFPT2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens GFAT2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000009968 MED12 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens OHDOX http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000010011 SRA1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens pp7684 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000010062 NR1H3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens LXRA http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000010123 ARL4C http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens ARL7 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000010220 GDF11 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens BMP11 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000010273 STUB1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens UBOX1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000010344 CCL26 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens SCYA26 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000010347 ABCA7 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens ABCA-SSN http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000010392 NOD1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens NLRC1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000010399 GNB2L1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens PIG21 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000010452 TOMM40 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens TOM40 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000010519 CIB1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens SIP2-28 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000010524 KAT5 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens ZC2HC5 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000010533 ATG7 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens GSA7 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000010561 IFI44 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens p44 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000010654 PMVK http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens HUMPMKI http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000010658 CELF1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens hNab50 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000010718 NRG3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens pro-NRG3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000010803 CCR9 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens GPR28 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000010979 FERMT2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens mig-2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000011162 NUDT6 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens GFG1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000011197 WIF1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens WIF-1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000022861 NLRP1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens CIDED http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000022918 CD93 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens dJ737E23.1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000022921 MSRB2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens PILB http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000022926 ATF6 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens ATF6A http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000022933 SIRT2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens SIR2L2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000022943 DKK1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens DKK-1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000023025 UNC13A http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens Munc13-1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000023286 WWC1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens MEMRYQTL http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000023385 NCSTN http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens ATAG1874 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000023408 SIRT5 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens SIR2L5 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000023409 SIRT4 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens SIR2L4 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000023410 SIRT3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens SIR2L3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000023411 SIRT1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens SIR2L1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000023420 NOMO1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens PM5 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000023435 TARDBP http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens TDP-43 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000023607 CD2AP http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens CMS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000023621 BACE1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens HSPC104 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000023636 NUP62 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens SNDI http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000023770 FKBP8 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens FKBPr38 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000026047 CNTNAP2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens PTHSL1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000026330 GAPDHS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens HSD-35 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000027242 TNFRSF21 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens DR6 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000027328 PCDH11X http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens PCDH11 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000729230 CCR2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens MCP-1-R http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3100506742 CASP12 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens CASP12P1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3100885779 LINC-ROR http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2110009606 RNA gene of Homo sapiens lincRNA-RoR http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ERO_0001915 survival http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBCS_0000011 measurement scale time to failure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000029108 PYCARD http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens TMS1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000029979 UBQLN1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens XDRP1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000030061 SLC40A1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens SLC11A3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000030818 KCNIP3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens KCHIP3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000051107 APH1A http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens CGI-78 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000051176 LEF1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens TCF7L3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000051311 TLR8 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens CD288 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000051314 NME8 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens sptrx-2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000051380 CSAD http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens PCAP http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000051547 SIRT7 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens SIR2L7 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000051548 SIRT6 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens SIR2L6 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000051699 VPS29 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens DC15 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000051763 INPP5K http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens SKIP http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000054106 TLR9 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens CD289 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000054205 CYCS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens THC4 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000054209 TREM2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens Trem2c http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000054210 TREM1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens TREM-1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000055063 ZCWPW1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens ZCW1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000055737 VPS35 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens PARK17 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000055740 ENAH http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens ENA http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000055811 ADCY10 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens HCA2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000055851 PSENEN http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens PEN2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000055901 THSD1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens UNQ3010 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000056896 DPYSL5 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens Ulip6 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000056926 NCLN http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens NET59 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000057089 ENTPD7 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens LALP1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000057091 CASS4 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens HEPL http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000058484 NLRC4 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens IPAF http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000064127 NOD2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens PSORAS1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000064422 ATG3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens APG3L http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000064840 PORCN http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens PPN http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000079412 KREMEN2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens KRM2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000003836 KPNA1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens RCH2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000003837 KPNB1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens NTF97 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000003841 KPNA5 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens SRP6 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000003902 LAG3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens CD223 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000003932 LCK http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens pp58lck http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000003949 LDLR http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens LDLCQ2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000003956 LGALS1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens GBP http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000003990 LIPC http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens LIPH http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000004023 LPL http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens LIPD http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000004035 LRP1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens LRP1A http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000004040 LRP6 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens ADCAD2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000004059 BCAM http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens MSK19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000004137 MAPT http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens PPND http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000004143 MAT1A http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens SAMS1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000004208 MEF2C http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens DEL5q14.3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000004282 MIF http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens MMIF http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000004311 MME http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens SFE http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000004313 MMP2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens MMP-II http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000004314 MMP3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens CHDS6 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000004318 MMP9 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens MANDP2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000004319 MMP10 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens STMY2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000004357 MPST http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens TST2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000004482 MSRA http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens PMSR http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000004512 COX1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens MTCO1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000004513 COX2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens MTCO2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000004535 ND1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens MTND1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000004598 MVK http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens POROK3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000004738 NEDD8 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens NEDD-8 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000004739 NEDD9 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens CASS2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000004763 NF1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens WSS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000004780 NFE2L2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens NRF2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000004790 NFKB1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens NFkappaB http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000004803 NGF http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens NGFB http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000004804 NGFR http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens TNFRSF16 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000004842 NOS1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens IHPS1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000004843 NOS2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens NOS2A http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000004851 NOTCH1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens hN1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000004852 NPY http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens PYY4 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000004908 NTF3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens NT3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000004909 NTF4 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens NTF5 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000004914 NTRK1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens TRKA http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000004915 NTRK2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens trk-B http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000004916 NTRK3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens gp145(trkC) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000004922 NTS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens NTS1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000005009 OTC http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens OCTD http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000005019 OXCT1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens SCOT http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000005027 P2RX7 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens P2X7 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000005037 PEBP1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens RKIP http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000005054 SERPINE1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens PLANH1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000005093 PCBP1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens HEL-S-85 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000005094 PCBP2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens hnRNP-E2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000005105 PCK1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens PEPCKC http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000005122 PCSK1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens SPC3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000005160 PDHA1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens PHE1A http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000005213 PFKM http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens PFKX http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000005229 PGGT1B http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens GGTI http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000005230 PGK1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens HEL-S-68p http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000005232 PGK2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens dJ417L20.2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000005238 PGM3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens PGM 3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000005274 SERPINI1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens neuroserpin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000005319 PLA2G1B http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens PPLA2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000005321 PLA2G4A http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens cPLA2-alpha http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000005327 PLAT http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens T-PA http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000005328 PLAU http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens URK http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000005354 PLP1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens GPM6C http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000005424 POLD1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens POLD http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000005465 PPARA http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens hPPAR http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000005468 PPARG http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens NR1C3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000005515 PPP2CA http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens PP2Calpha http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000005557 PRIM1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens p49 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000005563 PRKAA2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens AMPKa2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000005592 PRKG1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens cGKI-alpha http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000005594 MAPK1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens p41mapk http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000005595 MAPK3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens PRKM3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000005599 MAPK8 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens JNK-46 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000005600 MAPK11 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens p38Beta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000005603 MAPK13 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens MAPK-13 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000005604 MAP2K1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens CFC3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000005606 MAP2K3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens SAPKK2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000005608 MAP2K6 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens PRKMK6 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000005609 MAP2K7 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens SAPKK4 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000005621 PRNP http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens p27-30 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000005649 RELN http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens PRO1598 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000005663 PSEN1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens S182 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000005664 PSEN2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens CMD1V http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000005715 PSMD9 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens Rpn4 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000005728 PTEN http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens 10q23del http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000005743 PTGS2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens hCox-2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000005770 PTPN1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens PTP1B http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000005819 PVRL2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens PVRR2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000005879 RAC1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens p21-Rac1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000005894 RAF1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens CRAF http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000005914 RARA http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens NR1B1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000005970 RELA http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens NFKB3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000006009 RHEB http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens RHEB2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000006195 RPS6KA1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens RSK1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000006198 RPS6KB1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens p70 S6KA http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000006285 S100B http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens S100beta http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000006300 MAPK12 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens P38GAMMA http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000006310 ATXN1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens SCA1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000006347 CCL2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens SMC-CF http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000006383 SDC2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens SYND2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000006416 MAP2K4 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens SKK1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000006418 SET http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens IPP2A2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000006464 SHC1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens SHCA http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000006489 ST8SIA1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens SIAT8A http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000006490 PMEL http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens D12S53E http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000006500 SKP1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens p19A http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000006513 SLC2A1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens HTLVR http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000006515 SLC2A3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens GLUT3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000006517 SLC2A4 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens GLUT4 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000006610 SMPD2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens NSMASE1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000006622 SNCA http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens PD1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000006647 SOD1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens HEL-S-44 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000006653 SORL1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens gp250 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000006675 UAP1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens AGX2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000006714 SRC http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens c-SRC http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000006717 SRI http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens V19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000006750 SST http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens SMST http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000006794 STK11 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens PJS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000006812 STXBP1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens UNC18 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000006844 VAMP2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens SYB2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000006855 SYP http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens MRXSYP http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000006868 ADAM17 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens NISBD http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000007018 TF http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens TFQTL1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000007019 TFAM http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens TCF6L2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000007024 TFCP2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens TFCP2C http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000007052 TGM2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens HEL-S-45 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000007054 TH http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens TYH http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000007064 THOP1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens MP78 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000007067 THRA http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens c-ERBA-1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000007076 TIMP1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens CLGI http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000007097 TLR2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens CD282 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000007098 TLR3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens IIAE2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000007099 TLR4 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens ARMD10 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000007124 TNF http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens TNFSF2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000007127 TNFAIP2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens EXOC3L3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000007132 TNFRSF1A http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens p55-R http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000007157 TP53 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens TRP53 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000007186 TRAF2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens TRAP3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000007234 TRNAU1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2110009606 RNA gene of Homo sapiens tRNA(Sec) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000007263 TST http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens RDS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000007275 TUB http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens rd5 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000007276 TTR http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens HEL111 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000007295 TXN http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens TRDX http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000007305 TYROBP http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens PLOSL http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000007317 UBA1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens UBE1X http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000007342 UBP1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens LBP1B http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000007412 VCAM1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens INCAM-100 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000007422 VEGFA http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens MVCD1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000007428 VHL http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens VHL1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000007436 VLDLR http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens VLDLRCH http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000007471 WNT1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens OI15 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000007474 WNT5A http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens hWNT5A http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000007494 XBP1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens XBP2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000007535 ZAP70 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens TZK http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000007767 ZNF224 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens ZNF27 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000007804 LRP8 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens MCI1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000007852 CXCR4 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens NPYY3R http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000377630 USP17L2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens USP17 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000406915 MIR128-1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2110009606 RNA gene of Homo sapiens MIRN128A http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C78757 Latrepirdine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MAXO_0000648 enzyme inhibitor agent therapy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C81115 Semagacestat http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MAXO_0000648 enzyme inhibitor agent therapy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_7494 nefazodone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35352 organonitrogen compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_135342 reboxetine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25698 ether http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_22881 biopterins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26375 pterins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_30436 tetrahydropterin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26375 pterins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26373 pteridines http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33833 heteroarene http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35875 imidazopyrimidine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33833 heteroarene http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_28411 allicin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33261 organosulfur compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_135756 spirapril http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35352 organonitrogen compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17976 ubiquinol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33822 organic hydroxy compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UPa_UPC00272 tetrahydrobiopterin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35352 organonitrogen compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DRON_00010126 Isocarboxazid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35469 antidepressant http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33670 heteromonocyclic compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33661 monocyclic compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26375 pterins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26373 pteridines http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_27647 prostaglandin G2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36357 polyatomic entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UPa_UPC00165 diacylglycerol http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_72695 organic molecule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35605 carbon oxoacid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36963 organooxygen compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26561 ribonucleotide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26562 ribose phosphate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_27171 organic heterobicyclic compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33672 heterobicyclic compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_22251 adenosine bisphosphate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_61079 ribonucleoside bisphosphate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24471 halogen molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33675 p-block molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33582 carbon group molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33675 p-block molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33280 molecular messenger http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24432 biological role http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_52211 physiological role http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24432 biological role http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24062 fluorine molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24471 halogen molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38166 organic heteropolycyclic compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33671 heteropolycyclic compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25693 organic heteromonocyclic compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33670 heteromonocyclic compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_29108 calcium(2+) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24870 ion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_49552 copper(1+) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24870 ion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_18420 magnesium(2+) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24870 ion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_18421 superoxide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33304 chalcogen molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_29033 iron(2+) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24870 ion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_49713 lithium(1+) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24870 ion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_29105 zinc(2+) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24870 ion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_8665 Pyridostigmine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24870 ion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DRON_00016940 Adenosine Triphosphate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35352 organonitrogen compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OMIT_0001660 Adenine Nucleotides http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35352 organonitrogen compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OMIT_0001676 Adenosine Diphosphate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35352 organonitrogen compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OMIT_0001681 Adenosine Monophosphate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35352 organonitrogen compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OMIT_0007329 Guanine Nucleotides http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35352 organonitrogen compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OMIT_0007332 Guanosine Diphosphate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35352 organonitrogen compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OMIT_0007336 Guanosine Monophosphate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35352 organonitrogen compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OMIT_0007339 Guanosine Triphosphate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35352 organonitrogen compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25703 organic phosphate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26079 phosphoric acid derivative http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DRON_00817881 Glucose-6-Phosphate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35701 ester http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UPa_UPC00235 dimethylallyl diphosphate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33304 chalcogen molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26562 ribose phosphate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25900 aldopentose phosphate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36360 phosphorus oxoacids and derivatives http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26082 phosphorus molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_22984 calcium atom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33250 atom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25016 lead atom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33250 atom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_28694 copper atom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33250 atom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_28984 aluminium atom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33250 atom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_30145 lithium atom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33250 atom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_27363 zinc atom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33250 atom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26082 phosphorus molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33302 pnictogen molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_28115 methylcobalamin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35352 organonitrogen compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_51143 nitrogen molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33302 pnictogen molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17858 glutathione disulfide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35352 organonitrogen compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25806 oxygen molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33304 chalcogen molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_29191 hydroxyl http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36357 polyatomic entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26835 sulfur molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33304 chalcogen molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26977 thiosulfate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36357 polyatomic entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38093 phenothiazines http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33582 carbon group molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38666 (R)-flurbiprofen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33582 carbon group molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50122 rosiglitazone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33582 carbon group molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50841 loxapine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33582 carbon group molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_6950 mirtazapine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33582 carbon group molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_80161 Galanin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33582 carbon group molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_80270 Glucagon-like peptide 1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33582 carbon group molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_4353 Decursin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33582 carbon group molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_5417 glucosamine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33582 carbon group molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_31296 Blonanserin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33582 carbon group molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_3568 cevimeline http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33582 carbon group molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36796 duloxetine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33582 carbon group molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_6538 Loratadine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33582 carbon group molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_4875 etanercept http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33582 carbon group molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33836 benzenoid aromatic compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33659 organic aromatic compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33659 organic aromatic compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33655 aromatic compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25900 aldopentose phosphate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_84055 pentose phosphate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37175 organic hydride http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36357 polyatomic entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26079 phosphoric acid derivative http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36359 phosphorus oxoacid derivative http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36359 phosphorus oxoacid derivative http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33241 oxoacid derivative http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33241 oxoacid derivative http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37577 heteroatomic molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C166444 Aducanumab http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C15262 Immunotherapy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OMIT_0024325 Lipid Metabolism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UPa_UPA00026 metabolism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0000741 Apathy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0012638 Abnormal nervous system physiology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0007354 Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0012639 Abnormal nervous system morphology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000003 occurrent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000001 entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000008 temporal region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000003 occurrent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000011 spatiotemporal region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000003 occurrent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000040 material entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000004 independent continuant http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000141 immaterial entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000004 independent continuant http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000009 two-dimensional spatial region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000006 spatial region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000018 zero-dimensional spatial region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000006 spatial region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000026 one-dimensional spatial region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000006 spatial region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000028 three-dimensional spatial region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000006 spatial region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000038 one-dimensional temporal region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000008 temporal region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000034 function http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000016 disposition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OMIT_0016017 Lipid Peroxidation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000016 disposition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OMIT_0025630 DNA Fragmentation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000016 disposition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000016 disposition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000017 realizable entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000023 role http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000017 realizable entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OMIT_0016582 Cohort Effect http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000019 quality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OMIT_0016584 Placebo Effect http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000019 quality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBA_0000141 synaptic plasticity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000019 quality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000019 quality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000020 specifically dependent continuant http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/TXPO_0005150 niacin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000030 object http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000024 fiat object part http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000040 material entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000027 object aggregate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000040 material entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000030 object http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000040 material entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OMIT_0027985 Immunoreceptor Tyrosine-Based Activation Motif http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000040 material entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_1 root http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000040 material entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000142 one-dimensional continuant fiat boundary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000140 continuant fiat boundary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000146 two-dimensional continuant fiat boundary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000140 continuant fiat boundary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000147 zero-dimensional continuant fiat boundary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000140 continuant fiat boundary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000006 spatial region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000141 immaterial entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000029 site http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000141 immaterial entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000000 clinical measurement http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000109 measurement datum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GENEPIO_0001420 diagnostic test http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0000011 planned process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DRON_00012179 placebo http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0000047 processed material http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_1407750 herbal medicine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGMS_0000090 treatment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FMA_84050 Cytokine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OMIT_0003158 Blood Proteins http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OMIT_0020425 GTP-Binding Protein Regulators http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OMIT_0020519 Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FMA_62871 Immunoglobulin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000000001 protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FMA_62007 Thalamus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FMA_83153 Organ component of neuraxis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FMA_61900 Precuneus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FMA_83874 Gyrus of neuraxis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FMA_61903 Cuneus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FMA_83874 Gyrus of neuraxis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FMA_241981 Chemokine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FMA_84050 Cytokine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FMA_86578 Interleukin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FMA_84050 Cytokine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FMA_86579 Interleukin-12 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FMA_86578 Interleukin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C93150 Hazard Ratio http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBCS_0000001 statistical data analysis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OMIT_0008516 Interphase http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OMIT_0003783 Cell Cycle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OMIT_0027606 Cell Cycle Checkpoints http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OMIT_0003783 Cell Cycle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OMIT_0016737 G0 Phase http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OMIT_0008516 Interphase http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OMIT_0016738 G1 Phase http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OMIT_0008516 Interphase http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OMIT_0016740 G2 Phase http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OMIT_0008516 Interphase http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OMIT_0027628 G1 Phase Cell Cycle Checkpoints http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OMIT_0027606 Cell Cycle Checkpoints http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OMIT_0027626 G2 Phase Cell Cycle Checkpoints http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OMIT_0027606 Cell Cycle Checkpoints http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DRON_00013649 Isoxsuprine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23888 drug http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DRON_00016126 epigallocatechin gallate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23888 drug http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OMIT_0004120 Cholinesterase Inhibitors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23924 enzyme inhibitor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23019 carbonyl group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24433 group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35131 aldose phosphate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33447 phospho sugar http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/TXPO_0003671 phospholipase http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_51086 chemical role http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_26816 carbohydrate phosphate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37734 phosphoric ester http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50217 selegiline http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35352 organonitrogen compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_6690 Maprotiline http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_72695 organic molecule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_8597 protriptyline http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_72695 organic molecule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000118 basket cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000117 CNS neuron (sensu Vertebrata) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000120 granule cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000117 CNS neuron (sensu Vertebrata) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OMIT_0027570 Cholinergic Neurons http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000540 neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000109 adrenergic neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000540 neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000117 CNS neuron (sensu Vertebrata) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000540 neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000679 glutamatergic neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000540 neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FMA_80122 Preganglionic neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000540 neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FMA_62869 B lymphocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000542 lymphocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FMA_62870 T lymphocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000542 lymphocyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0010783 Alzheimer disease, susceptibility to, mitochondrial http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_10652 Alzheimer's disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0022880 corticobasal degeneration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_331 central nervous system disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_4752 multiple system atrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_1289 neurodegenerative disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_11870 Pick's disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_1289 neurodegenerative disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/VO_0000792 mouse gene http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_0000000002 gene http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000000341 APOC1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000000729 C6 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000000730 C7 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000000847 CAT http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000000929 CD14 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000001036 CDO1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000001143 CHRNB4 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000001491 CTH http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000001520 CTSS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000001600 DAB1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000002619 GAS1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000002670 GFAP http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000002931 GSK3A http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000002932 GSK3B http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000084516 DCTN5 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000089780 WNT3A http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000245802 MS4A6E http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000008484 GALR3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000008711 TNK1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000009846 GAB2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000053371 NUP54 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000004015 LOX http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000004129 MAOB http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000004155 MBP http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000004353 MPO http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000004524 MTHFR http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000005163 PDK1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000005340 PLG http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000005423 POLB http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000006263 RYR3 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000006655 SOS2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000006821 SUOX http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3000007476 WNT7A http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2060009606 protein-coding gene of Homo sapiens http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_3100271696 MS4 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGG_2260009606 gene of Homo sapiens with unknown gene disposition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_22198 acetylcysteine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35352 organonitrogen compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_51038 minaprine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35352 organonitrogen compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_6960 Moexipril http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35352 organonitrogen compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_8060 Phenelzine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35352 organonitrogen compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23981 ethanolamines http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35352 organonitrogen compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_43755 lisinopril http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35352 organonitrogen compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_3651 chlorprothixene http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35352 organonitrogen compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_15554 prostaglandin H2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35366 fatty acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_6539 Lorazepam http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35474 anxiolytic drug http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_9435 Temazepam http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35474 anxiolytic drug http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DRON_00011492 Remoxipride http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35476 antipsychotic agent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_8707 quetiapine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35476 antipsychotic agent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_22256 adenosine phosphate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_61296 adenyl ribonucleotide http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37123 nucleoside bisphosphate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25608 nucleoside phosphate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37734 phosphoric ester http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35701 ester http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DRON_00017167 Phytic Acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35701 ester http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_18009 NADP(+) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35701 ester http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_37240 adenosine 3',5'-bisphosphate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_22251 adenosine bisphosphate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33695 information biomacromolecule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33694 biomacromolecule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33635 polycyclic compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33595 cyclic compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33661 monocyclic compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33595 cyclic compound http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33608 hydrogen molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33674 s-block molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034944 zone of organ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000064 organ part http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_2002210 mossy fiber http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010314 structure with developmental contribution from neural crest http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_2002218 parallel fiber http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0010314 structure with developmental contribution from neural crest http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0014933 periventricular gray matter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003528 brain gray matter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0019264 gray matter of forebrain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003528 brain gray matter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016540 occipital cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0016529 cortex of cerebral lobe http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000001 cardiovascular measurement http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000000 clinical measurement http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000035 blood measurement http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000000 clinical measurement http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000105 body mass index (BMI) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000000 clinical measurement http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000227 cell measurement http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000000 clinical measurement http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0001240 cerebrospinal fluid measurement http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000000 clinical measurement http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000294 pulse http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000001 cardiovascular measurement http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000023 blood chemistry measurement http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000035 blood measurement http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000036 blood cell measurement http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000227 cell measurement http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000025 red blood cell count http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000036 blood cell measurement http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000027 white blood cell count http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000036 blood cell measurement http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000387 head symptom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000462 symptom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000410 neurological and physiological symptom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000462 symptom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000459 digestive system symptom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000462 symptom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000461 abdominal symptom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000462 symptom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000473 nutrition, metabolism, and development symptom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000462 symptom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000480 nervous system symptom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000462 symptom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000486 urinary system symptom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000462 symptom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000488 skin and integumentary tissue symptom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000462 symptom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000567 general symptom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000462 symptom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C38834 MAPK Signaling Pathway http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PW_0000001 pathway http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_39169 Lavandula http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_1407750 herbal medicine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_3311 Ginkgo biloba http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_1407750 herbal medicine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_136217 Curcuma longa http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_1407750 herbal medicine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FMA_66861 Membrane of mitochondrion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FMA_85549 Membrane layer of organelle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/INO_0000142 oxidation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MI_0414 enzymatic reaction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OMIT_0007752 Hexokinase http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MI_0501 enzyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OMIT_0011723 Type C Phospholipases http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MI_0501 enzyme http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OMIT_0011724 Phospholipase D http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MI_0501 enzyme http://scai.fraunhofer.de/AlzheimerOntology#performing_physical_activity performing physical activity https://scai.fraunhofer.de/AlzheimerOntology#non-pharmacotherapy_procedure non-pharmacotherapy procedure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ADO_0000041 Personality and behavioral changes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ADO_0000001 cognitive symptom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/TXPO_0004563 GPCR http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000373 receptor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OMIT_0026640 Sirtuin 1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000373 receptor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OMIT_0027220 Receptors, Ionotropic Glutamate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IDOMAL_0000373 receptor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OMIT_0003783 Cell Cycle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009987 cellular process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FMA_63834 Cytoskeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FMA_67135 Anatomical structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OMIT_0012702 Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1902494 catalytic complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OMIT_0004233 Chylomicrons http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_1990777 lipoprotein particle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0010022 senile plaque formation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MPATH_596 pathological process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OMIT_0005212 Diagnosis, Differential http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGMS_0000073 diagnosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FMA_62493 Hippocampus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FMA_242193 Region of cerebral cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FMA_84013 Set of basal ganglia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FMA_55652 Anatomical set http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FMA_67906 Protein complex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FMA_63887 Biological macromolecule http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FMA_85549 Membrane layer of organelle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FMA_67135 Anatomical structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000255 eukaryotic cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FMA_68646 Cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FMA_242193 Region of cerebral cortex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FMA_86103 Region of organ component http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FMA_83874 Gyrus of neuraxis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FMA_86140 Organ segment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BTO_0000932 neuroblastoma cell line http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C19146 In Vitro Model http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OMIT_0011060 Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C91105 Clinical or Research Assessment Questionnaire http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_6239 Caenorhabditis elegans http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C71164 Animal Model http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10114 Rattus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C71164 Animal Model http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7955 Danio rerio http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C71164 Animal Model http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EMAPA_25765 mouse http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C71164 Animal Model http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_7215 Drosophila http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C71164 Animal Model http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C93228 Retrospective Cohort Study http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C15206 Clinical Study http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C70820 Clinical Study by Phase http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C15206 Clinical Study http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0005913 zone of bone organ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0034944 zone of organ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OMIT_0016535 Complement C1q http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C21523 Complement Component Protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OMIT_0016539 Complement C3a http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C21523 Complement Component Protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OMIT_0024504 Complement C5b http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C21523 Complement Component Protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/FMA_63493 C1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C21523 Complement Component Protein http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OMIT_0026595 Diffusion Tensor Imaging http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C16809 Magnetic Resonance Imaging http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C17456 Experimental Model http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C80519 Biological Model http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MAXO_0000644 molecular pathway modifying agent therapy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MAXO_0000058 pharmacotherapy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C76786 Tramiprosate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MAXO_0000171 antidementia agent therapy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OMIT_0006903 Galantamine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MAXO_0000210 cholinesterase inhibitor therapy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OMIT_0001440 Pathogen-Associated Molecular Pattern Molecules http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OPMI_0000445 biomarker http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OPMI_0000446 immune biomarker http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OPMI_0000445 biomarker http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OPMI_0000448 inflammatory cytokine biomarker http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OPMI_0000447 cytokine biomarker http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OMIT_0017845 Antigens, CD45 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OPMI_0000446 immune biomarker http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OPMI_0000447 cytokine biomarker http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OPMI_0000446 immune biomarker http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_15641 5-methyltetrahydrofolic acid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_176842 vitamin B9 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0007088 Alzheimer disease type 1 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0015140 early-onset autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0011194 Alzheimer disease 5 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0015140 early-onset autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0011401 Alzheimer disease without neurofibrillary tangles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0015140 early-onset autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0011513 Alzheimer disease, familial early-onset, with coexisting amyloid and prion pathology http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0015140 early-onset autosomal dominant Alzheimer disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000457 abdominal pain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000099 pain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000576 chest pain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000099 pain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000271 complex partial seizure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000124 seizure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000024 drowsiness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000410 neurological and physiological symptom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000022 depression http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000410 neurological and physiological symptom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000178 weight loss http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000473 nutrition, metabolism, and development symptom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000124 seizure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000480 nervous system symptom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000731 renal failure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SYMP_0000486 urinary system symptom https://scai.fraunhofer.de/AlzheimerOntology#non-pharmacotherapy_procedure non-pharmacotherapy procedure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGMS_0000112 therapeutic procedure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ADO_0000080 Everyday Cognition questionnaire A questionnaire comprised of multiple subscales evaluating everyday cognitive function http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000001 entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ADO_0000010 TM_BIN_VariantisGeneticRiskFactorFor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ADO_0000011 TM_BIN_isSignAndSymptomFor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ADO_0000012 TM_BIN_isTreatmentFor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ADO_0000002 isTreatmentFor The subject describes a clinically approved drug or therapy for a condition (object). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ADO_0000003 isSignAndSymptomFor The subject describes as sign/symptom or multiple signs/symptoms for the object. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ADO_0000004 isRiskFactorFor The subject possesses characteristics leading to an increased risk in developing a certain phenotype or condition (object). The example of risk factors could be age, family history, consumption of certain products, being exposed to chemicals or radiations, having certain underlying conditions or being infected by an microorganism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ADO_0000005 isModelFor The subject serves as an in vivo model for the study of a certain phenotype (object) during pre-clinical phase. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ADO_0000006 isDiagnosisFor The subject is a technique carried out in a clinical assessment for evaluation of a condition (object). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ADO_0000007 isClinicalMarkerFor An subject that is a symptom, a sign, an underlying disease, a molecular abnormality, or a clinical result/outcome characterised as the key marker for the diagnosis/onset/classification of a certain condition (object). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ADO_0000008 isCellularProcessFor The subject describes any process that is carried out at the cellular level, but not necessarily restricted to a single cell for the object. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ADO_0000009 isAnatomicalEntityFor A relation describing an anatomical feature of the referenced object with a material entity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ADO_0000013 VariantisGeneticRiskFactorFor The subject gene has variation that can lead to an increased disease risk, but does not directly cause a disease. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002436 molecularly interacts with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002213 positively regulates