Term IRI Term label Parent term IRI Parent term label Alternative term Definition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0000093 patient role http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000023 role patient a role which inheres in a person and is realized by the process of being under the care of a physician or health care provider http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HsapDv_0000226 prime adult stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HsapDv_0000000 life cycle stage A life cycle stage that starts at sexual maturity of the human adult, and ends before senescence. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HsapDv_0000227 late adult stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HsapDv_0000000 life cycle stage Late adult stage that refers to an individu who is over 60 and starts to have some age-related impairments. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HsapDv_0000258 adult stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HsapDv_0000000 life cycle stage Human developmental stage that refers to a sexually mature human. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HsapDv_0000265 child stage (1-4 yo) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HsapDv_0000000 life cycle stage Human stage that refers to a child who is over 12 months and under 5 years old. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HsapDv_0000267 middle aged stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HsapDv_0000000 life cycle stage Late adulthood that refers to an adult who is over 40 and under 60 years old. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HsapDv_0000271 juvenile stage (5-14 yo) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HsapDv_0000000 life cycle stage Pediatric stage that refers to a human who is over 5 and under 15 years old. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_10415 beta-endorphin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23367 molecular entity A polypeptide consisting of 31 amino acid residues in the sequence Tyr-Gly-Gly-Phe-Met-Thr-Ser-Glu-Lys-Ser-Gln-Thr-Pro-Leu-Val-Thr-Leu-Phe-Lys-Asn-Ala-Ile-Ile-Lys-Asn-Ala-Tyr-Lys-Lys-Gly-Glu. It is an endogenous opioid peptide neurotransmitter found in the neurons of both the central and peripheral nervous system and results from processing of the precursor protein proopiomelanocortin (POMC). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25512 neurotransmitter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24432 biological role An endogenous compound that is used to transmit information across the synapse between a neuron and another cell. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23367 molecular entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000040 material entity Any constitutionally or isotopically distinct atom, molecule, ion, ion pair, radical, radical ion, complex, conformer etc., identifiable as a separately distinguishable entity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24432 biological role http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000023 role A role played by the molecular entity or part thereof within a biological context. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GSSO_000924 cognitive function http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000034 function Intellectual processes which allow for knowledge acquisition. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GSSO_001811 physical disability http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C21007 Disability A limitation on a person's physical functioning, mobility, dexterity or stamina. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GSSO_005059 glove http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000013 exercise equipment A garment covering the whole hand. Gloves usually have separate sheaths or openings for each finger and the thumb. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GSSO_005898 athlete http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C25190 Person A person who actively participates in physical sports, especially with great skill; a sportsperson. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GSSO_008521 person with a physical disability http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C25190 Person A person who has a form of physical disability. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000185 balance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000157 motor fitness A behavioral quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of having physical steadiness. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000188 coordination http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000019 quality A behavioral quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's having or lacking skillful and effective interaction of movement. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001028 acceleration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000019 quality A physical quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the rate of change of the bearer's velocity in either speed or direction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001543 flexibility http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000157 motor fitness A physical quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's disposition to being turned, bowed, or twisted without breaking. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001894 phenotypic sex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000047 biological sex An organismal quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's physical expression of sexual characteristics. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0020000 genotypic sex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000047 biological sex A biological sex quality inhering in an individual based upon genotypic composition of sex chromosomes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0020001 male genotypic sex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0020000 genotypic sex A biological sex quality inhering in an individual based upon genotypic composition that confers the capability for an organism to differentiate male gonads. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0020002 female genotypic sex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0020000 genotypic sex A biological sex quality inhering in an individual or a population based upon genotypic composition that confers the capability for an organism to differentiate female gonads. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C101234 Cardiac Rehabilitation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000015 process A medically supervised program to improve the health and well-being of people who have heart problems. This may include exercise training, education on heart healthy living, and/or counseling to reduce stress. (ACC) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C50750 Spinal Cord Injury http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGMS_0000102 injury Traumatic damage of the spinal cord. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C116517 Cardiopulmonary Exercise Testing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C150523 Physical Performance Testing A clinical tool to evaluate exercise capacity and to assess cardiac function under stress. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C132453 Forced Expiratory Volume in 3 Seconds http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000254 forced expiratory volume The volume exhaled during the first three seconds of a forced expiratory maneuver that is started from the level of total lung capacity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C21007 Disability http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000017 realizable entity Any physical or mental impairment that interferes with an individual's ability to perform desired activities. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C61256 Monitoring http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000015 process The act of observing something (and sometimes keeping a record of it). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MAXO_0000900 electrocardiography http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MAXO_0000001 medical action A procedure that displays the electrical activity of the heart. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000264 softball bat http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000263 bat The bat used by the batter can be made of wood, aluminum, or composite materials such as carbon fiber. Sizes may vary but they may be no more than 34 inches (86 cm) long, 2.4 inches (6 cm) in diameter, or 38 ounces (1.1 kg) in mass. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000154 metabolic fitness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000385 fitness The concept of metabolic fitness is a broader term that encompasses the overall efficacy of the metabolic processes in the body. It includes the conversion of food into energy, the utilization of nutrients, and the elimination of waste products. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000254 rugby football http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000252 football game Rugby football is a collective name for the family of team sports of rugby union and rugby league, as well as the earlier forms of football from which both games, as well as Australian rules football and gridiron football, evolved. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002686 Pregnancy history http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0032443 Past medical history Medical history of maternal diseases, exposures, or other relevant findings during the pregnancy of which the index person was the product. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002385 muscle tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001062 anatomical entity Muscle tissue is a contractile tissue made up of actin and myosin fibers[GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000002 continuant http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000001 entity An entity that exists in full at any time in which it exists at all, persists through time while maintaining its identity and has no temporal parts. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000003 occurrent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000001 entity An entity that has temporal parts and that happens, unfolds or develops through time. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000004 independent continuant http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000002 continuant b is an independent continuant = Def. b is a continuant which is such that there is no c and no t such that b s-depends_on c at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [017-002]) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000015 process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000003 occurrent p is a process = Def. p is an occurrent that has temporal proper parts and for some time t, p s-depends_on some material entity at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [083-003]) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000017 realizable entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000020 specifically dependent continuant A specifically dependent continuant that inheres in continuant entities and are not exhibited in full at every time in which it inheres in an entity or group of entities. The exhibition or actualization of a realizable entity is a particular manifestation, functioning or process that occurs under certain circumstances. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000020 specifically dependent continuant http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000002 continuant b is a specifically dependent continuant = Def. b is a continuant & there is some independent continuant c which is not a spatial region and which is such that b s-depends_on c at every time t during the course of b’s existence. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [050-003]) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000023 role http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000017 realizable entity A realizable entity the manifestation of which brings about some result or end that is not essential to a continuant in virtue of the kind of thing that it is but that can be served or participated in by that kind of continuant in some kinds of natural, social or institutional contexts. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000031 generically dependent continuant http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000002 continuant b is a generically dependent continuant = Def. b is a continuant that g-depends_on one or more other entities. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [074-001]) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000035 process boundary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000003 occurrent p is a process boundary =Def. p is a temporal part of a process & p has no proper temporal parts. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [084-001]) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000040 material entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000004 independent continuant An independent continuant that is spatially extended whose identity is independent of that of other entities and can be maintained through time. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000140 continuant fiat boundary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000141 immaterial entity b is a continuant fiat boundary = Def. b is an immaterial entity that is of zero, one or two dimensions and does not include a spatial region as part. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [029-001]) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000144 process profile http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000003 occurrent b is a process_profile =Def. there is some process c such that b process_profile_of c (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [093-002]) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000145 relational quality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000019 quality b is a relational quality = Def. for some independent continuants c, d and for some time t: b quality_of c at t & b quality_of d at t. (axiom label in BFO2 Reference: [057-001]) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000030 information content entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000031 generically dependent continuant A generically dependent continuant that is about some thing. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000109 measurement datum http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000030 information content entity A measurement datum is an information content entity that is a recording of the output of a measurement such as produced by a device. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0001000 questionnaire http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000031 generically dependent continuant A document with a set of printed or written questions with a choice of answers, devised for the purposes of a survey or statistical study. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OBI_0100026 organism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000040 material entity A material entity that is an individual living system, such as animal, plant, bacteria or virus, that is capable of replicating or reproducing, growth and maintenance in the right environment. An organism may be unicellular or made up, like humans, of many billions of cells divided into specialized tissues and organs. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000047 biological sex http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000019 quality An organismal quality inhering in a bearer by virtue of the bearer's ability to undergo sexual reproduction in order to differentiate the individuals or types involved. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000383 female http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001894 phenotypic sex A biological sex quality inhering in an individual or a population that only produces gametes that can be fertilised by male gametes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0000384 male http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PATO_0001894 phenotypic sex A biological sex quality inhering in an individual or a population whose sex organs contain only male gametes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SCDO_1000755 Oral Temperature http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000015 body temperature The temperature of the oral cavity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SCDO_1000756 Tympanic Temperature http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000015 body temperature The temperature of the external acoustic tube. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SCDO_1000757 Rectal Temperature http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000015 body temperature The temperature of the lumen of the rectum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/SCDO_1000758 Axillary Temperature http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000015 body temperature The temperature of the axillary fossa. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C185297 High-Intensity Interval Training http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000215 interval training A type of cardiovascular exercise that alternates short periods of intense anaerobic exercise with less intense recovery periods. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HsapDv_0000266 young adult stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HsapDv_0000000 life cycle stage A prime adult stage that refers to an adult who is under 40 years old. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_4000112 Medication history http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0032443 Past medical history Information about current or past medications taken by an individual. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0040406 Perimenopausal http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0032443 Past medical history Perimenopause, or the menopausal transition, encompasses that period of time during which physiologic changes mark progression toward a woman's final menstrual period. This phase begins with the onset of menstrual irregularities and continues until a woman reaches menopause, or one year after amenorrhea has occurred. Perimenopause can last for a variable amount of time, the median of which is four years. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_18243 dopamine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23367 molecular entity Catechol in which the hydrogen at position 4 is substituted by a 2-aminoethyl group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_14321 glutamate(1-) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23367 molecular entity An alpha-amino-acid anion that is the conjugate base of glutamic acid, having anionic carboxy groups and a cationic amino group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_1059 intellectual disability http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_4 disease A specific developmental disorder that involves significant limitations both in mental functioning and in adaptive behavior such as communicating, taking care of him or herself, and social skills. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_12169 carpal tunnel syndrome http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_4 disease A nerve compression syndrome characterized by pressure on the median nerve at the wrist resulting in numbness, tingling, pain, and muscle weakness in the hand and forearm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_1287 cardiovascular system disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_4 disease A disease of anatomical entity which occurs in the blood, heart, blood vessels or the lymphatic system that passes nutrients (such as amino acids and electrolytes), gases, hormones, blood cells or lymph to and from cells in the body to help fight diseases and help stabilize body temperature and pH to maintain homeostasis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_1289 neurodegenerative disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_4 disease A central nervous system disease that results in the progressive deterioration of function or structure of neurons. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_14087 epicondylitis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_17 musculoskeletal system disease A bone inflammation disease that results_in inflammation located_in epicondyle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_162 cancer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_4 disease A disease of cellular proliferation that is malignant and primary, characterized by uncontrolled cellular proliferation, local cell invasion and metastasis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_17 musculoskeletal system disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_4 disease A disease of anatomical entity that occurs in the muscular and/or skeletal system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_4 disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000016 disposition A disease is a disposition (i) to undergo pathological processes that (ii) exists in an organism because of one or more disorders in that organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_9351 diabetes mellitus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_4 disease A glucose metabolism disease that is characterized by chronic hyperglycaemia with disturbances of carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001134 skeletal muscle tissue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002385 muscle tissue Muscle tissue that consists primarily of skeletal muscle fibers. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C27954 Adolescent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C25190 Person An age group comprised of juveniles between the onset of puberty and maturity; in the state of development between puberty and maturity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C49643 Infant And Toddler http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C25190 Person An age group comprised of individuals between 28 days to 23 months of age. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000008 body composition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000146 morphplogical fitness The relative amounts of various components in the body, such as percentage of body fat. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_28790 serotonin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23367 molecular entity A primary amino compound that is the 5-hydroxy derivative of tryptamine. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33569 noradrenaline http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23367 molecular entity A catecholamine in which C-1 of the aminoethyl side-chain is hydroxy-substituted. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000211 ligament http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001062 anatomical entity Dense regular connective tissue connecting two or more adjacent skeletal elements or supporting an organ. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001062 anatomical entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000040 material entity Biological entity that is either an individual member of a biological species or constitutes the structural organization of an individual member of a biological species. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0004288 skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001062 anatomical entity Anatomical cluster that consists of all the skeletal elements (eg., bone, cartilage, and teeth) of the body. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000000 clinical measurement http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000109 measurement datum A quantitative or qualitative value which is the result of an act of assessing a morphological or physiological state or property in a single individual or sample or a group of individuals or samples, based on direct observation or experimental manipulation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000002 heart rate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000000 clinical measurement The number of contractions of the cardiac ventricles per unit of time. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000003 blood pressure measurement http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000000 clinical measurement Measurement of the pressure, or force per area, exerted by circulating blood against the walls of the blood vessels. The pressure is dependent on the energy of the heart action, elasticity of the vessel walls and volume and viscosity of the blood. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000004 systolic blood pressure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000003 blood pressure measurement The maximum arterial pressure within the cardiac cycle, i.e. at the point at which the heart is in its maximal state of contraction. This is the time when the blood is forced from the ventricles of the heart into the pulmonary artery and the aorta. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000005 diastolic blood pressure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000003 blood pressure measurement The minimum arterial pressure within the cardiac cycle, usually at the point at which the heart is in a state of relaxation and expansion. This is the time when the ventricles fill with blood. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000015 body temperature http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000000 clinical measurement The level of heat in an organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000020 waist to hip ratio (WHR) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000000 clinical measurement The circumference of the body at the level of the navel divided by the circumference at the widest point around the buttocks, often used to assess distribution of sub-cutaneous and intra-abdominal adipose tissue. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000046 blood glucose level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000000 clinical measurement Measurement of the amount of glucose, the monosaccharide sugar, C6H12O6, occurring widely in plant and animal tissues which is one of the three dietary monosaccharides that are absorbed directly into the bloodstream during digestion, is the end product of carbohydrate metabolism, and is the chief source of energy for living organisms, in a specified volume of blood, the fluid that circulates through the heart, arteries, capillaries and veins carrying nutrients and oxygen to the body tissues and metabolites away from them. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000050 blood lipid measurement http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000000 clinical measurement Any value resulting from the quantification of a morphological or physiological parameter of a blood-derived lipid, any of a structurally diverse group of organic compounds found in blood that are insoluble in water but soluble innonpolar solvents that, among other biological functions, serve as a source of fuel and are an important constituent of cell structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000051 blood total cholesterol level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000050 blood lipid measurement Measurement of the entire amount of cholesterol, a eukaryotic sterol that in higher animals is the precursor of bile acids and steroid hormones and a key constituent of cell membranes, without taking into account any association with other molecules such as lipoproteins, in a specified volume of blood, the fluid that circulates through the heart, arteries, capillaries and veins carrying nutrients and oxygen to the body tissues and metabolites away from them. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000052 blood high density lipoprotein cholesterol level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000050 blood lipid measurement Measurement of the amount of cholesterol, a eukaryotic sterol that in higher animals is the precursor of bile acids and steroid hormones and a key constituent of cell membranes, carried in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) molecules in a specified volume of blood, the fluid that circulates through the heart, arteries, capillaries and veins carrying nutrients and oxygen to the body tissues and metabolites away from them. HDL is the smallest of the major lipoprotein particles, complex molecules that consist of a protein membrane surrounding a core of lipids. The HDL class of lipoproteins, specifically the subtypes of HDL2 and HDL3, have densities between 1.063 and 1.210 g/ml. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000053 blood low density lipoprotein cholesterol level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000050 blood lipid measurement Measurement of the amount of cholesterol, a eukaryotic sterol that in higher animals is the precursor of bile acids and steroid hormones and a key constituent of cell membranes, carried in low-density lipoprotein (LDL) molecules in a specified volume of blood, the fluid that circulates through the heart, arteries, capillaries and veins carrying nutrients and oxygen to the body tissues and metabolites away from them. LDL constitute a class of relatively large, heterogeneous lipoprotein particles, complex molecules that consist of a protein membrane surrounding a core of lipids. The LDL class of lipoproteins has a density between 1.019 and 1.063 g/ml. In some animal species, such as canine and rodents, this may overlap with the HDL1 class and be designated LDL/HDL1. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000089 body fat morphological measurement http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000000 clinical measurement Measurement of adipose tissue in entire body or region of body of an organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000106 body height http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000000 clinical measurement The vertical measurement of a body. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000118 blood triglyceride level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000050 blood lipid measurement The amount of triglycerides in a specific volume of blood, the fluid that circulates through the heart, arteries, capillaries and veins carrying nutrients and oxygen to the body tissues and metabolites away from them. Triglycerides are any of a group of lipids that are esters formed from one molecule of glycerol and three molecules of one or more fatty acids, are widespread in adipose tissue, and commonly circulate in the blood in the form of lipoproteins. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000132 minute ventilation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000000 clinical measurement Total volume of gas inhaled and exhaled from the lungs per one minute. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000135 maximal oxygen consumption http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0002169 oxygen consumption VO2 max (maximal oxygen consumption), refers to the maximum amount of oxygen that an individual can utilize during intense or maximal exercise. The more oxygen a person can use during high level exercise, the more energy a person can produce. This test is the gold standard for determining cardiorespiratory fitness because the muscles need oxygen for prolonged aerobic exercise, and the heart must pump adequate amounts of blood through the circulation to meet the demands of aerobic exercise. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000180 ejection fraction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000000 clinical measurement Percentage of blood pumped out of the left ventricle with each heart beat. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000197 cardiac output http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000223 stroke volume The volume of blood pumped from the right or left ventricle per minute, also used to calculate - stroke volume X heart rate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000222 tidal volume http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000000 clinical measurement Volume of gas inhaled and exhaled during one respiratory cycle. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000223 stroke volume http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000000 clinical measurement Volume of blood pumped from one ventricle of the heart with each beat, calculated by subtracting the volume of blood in the ventricle at the end of a beat (end-systolic volume) from the volume of blood just prior to the beat (end-diastolic volume). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000242 waist circumference http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000000 clinical measurement Distance completely around the body in the area between the thorax and hips. In humans, this is commonly at the umbilicus. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000251 forced vital capacity (FVC) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000000 clinical measurement The volume of air that can be forcibly expelled from a maximally inflated lung. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000253 maximum mid-expiratory flow (MMEF) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000000 clinical measurement Maximal rate of air flow through the pulmonary tree during forced expiration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000254 forced expiratory volume http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000000 clinical measurement Fraction of forced vital capacity that is exhaled in a specific number of seconds. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000255 maximal volume ventilation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000000 clinical measurement Maximum volume of air that an organism can breathe in and out during a specified period of time, often 1 minute. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000294 pulse http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000000 clinical measurement The count of the rhythmic contractions and expansions of an artery due to the surge of blood from the beat of the heart. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000307 residual lung volume http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000000 clinical measurement The amount of gas remaining in the lung at the end of a maximal exhalation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000380 total lung capacity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000000 clinical measurement Total volume to which lungs can be expanded with greatest inspiratory effort. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0001035 head temperature http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000015 body temperature Temperature measured at the surface of or within the head of an experimental subject. Because the temperature of the head/brain can influence neurological measurements, head temperature is or can be considered to be distinct from core body temperature. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0001036 core body temperature http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000015 body temperature The temperature of the internal tissues and organs of the body. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0001226 bone mineral density http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000000 clinical measurement Measurement of the mineral mass per unit area of bone, the hard, rigid form of connective tissue constituting most of the skeleton of vertebrates and composed chiefly of calcium salts. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0001324 oxygen saturation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000000 clinical measurement The amount of oxygen bound to hemoglobin in the blood expressed as a percentage of the maximal binding capacity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0001556 bone mineral content to body weight ratio http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000000 clinical measurement A calculated measurement in which the mass of mineral in any or all of the bones of the body is divided by the total weight of the body and presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage, thus normalizing it to the size of the organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0001561 bone ultimate force http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000000 clinical measurement A calculated measurement of the force necessary to fracture a bone under specified conditions and thus a measure of the biomechanical strength of that bone. Bone is the hard, rigid form of connective tissue constituting most of the skeleton of vertebrates and composed chiefly of calcium salts. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0002169 oxygen consumption http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000000 clinical measurement Measurement of the capacity of an individual's body to transport and utilize oxygen, measured as volume of oxygen per unit of time. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HsapDv_0000000 life cycle stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000015 process A spatiotemporal region encompassing some part of the life cycle of an organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C3283 Obesity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000385 fitness Having a high amount of body fat (body mass index [BMI] of 30 or more). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C94250 Overweight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000385 fitness A condition in which body mass index falls between 25 and 29.9. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C73425 Sleep http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000015 process A natural and periodic state of rest during which consciousness of the world is suspended. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C73554 Walking http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C39774 Aerobic Exercise The act of traveling by foot. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C85398 Jogging http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C39774 Aerobic Exercise Running at a trot as a form of cardiopulmonary exercise. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C85401 Bicycling http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C39774 Aerobic Exercise Riding a bicycle for transportation or recreation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C87081 Heart Rhythm http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000000 clinical measurement The recurrent, measured movements (rhythm) of a beating heart. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C88163 Treadmill http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000013 exercise equipment A piece of exercise equipment used to walk or run on, for the purposes of cardiovascular training or testing. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C88164 Cardiorespiratory Fitness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000385 fitness The ability of the heart and lungs to deliver blood and oxygen to the tissues during aerobic activity. It is a general measure of the relative conditioning of the heart and respiratory system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C88166 Accelerometer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C28220 Sensor An instrument used for measuring a change in velocity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C94738 Swimming http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C39774 Aerobic Exercise The act of propelling the body through water by movement of the arms and/or legs. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C94739 Calisthenics http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C39774 Aerobic Exercise A system of free movements designed to develop muscular tone and promote physical fitness. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C94748 Yard Work http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C17708 Physical Activity The act of tending a yard as a chore or hobby. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_15422 ATP http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23367 molecular entity An adenosine 5'-phosphate in which the 5'-phosphate is a triphosphate group. It is involved in the transportation of chemical energy during metabolic pathways. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C129778 2-Hour Postprandial Glucose http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000046 blood glucose level The amount of glucose present in a sample two hours after a subject has eaten a meal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000197 squash http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000246 ball game Squash is a racket and ball sport played by two players in a four-walled court with a small, hollow rubber ball. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000234 TRX suspension trainer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000013 exercise equipment a performance training tool that leverages gravity and the user’s body weight to complete the exercises http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGMS_0000102 injury http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGMS_0000045 disorder A disorder that involves some structural damage that is immediately caused by a catastrophic external force. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000013 exercise equipment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000030 object equipment used in exercise http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000146 morphplogical fitness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000139 physical fitness A non-performance component of physical fitness related to body composition factors such as body circumferences, body fat content and regional body fat distribution. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000010 body protein percentage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000000 clinical measurement The amount of an individual's total body mass that is protein, expressed as a percent. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000012 body water percentage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000000 clinical measurement The amount of an individual's total body mass that is water, expressed as a percent. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000015 exercise prescription http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000031 generically dependent continuant Exercise prescription commonly refers to the specific plan of fitness-related activities that are designed for a specified purpose, which is often developed by a fitness or rehabilitation specialist for the client or patient. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000017 type of exercise http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000016 characteristic of exercise what is the mode of exercise http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000018 exercise frequence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000016 characteristic of exercise Exercise frequency refers to the number of physical activity sessions performed within a specific time period, typically measured per week. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000020 exercise time http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000016 characteristic of exercise how long is the exercise duration http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000094 exercise volume http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000016 characteristic of exercise what is the total amount of exercise http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000095 exercise progression http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000016 characteristic of exercise how is the program advanced http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000335 cool-down exercise http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C39774 Aerobic Exercise Tapering-off physical activity from vigorous to light, to gradually return the body to pre-exercise condition and metabolic state. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000379 exercise plan http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000031 generically dependent continuant A structured and personalized schedule outlining specific physical activities, routines, and goals designed to improve or maintain an individual's physical fitness, health, or athletic performance. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000382 safety and risk management http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000015 process A systematic process of identifying, assessing, and minimizing risks associated with physical activity to prevent injuries, accidents, or harm to participants, staff, and facilities. It involves implementing protocols, policies, and practices to ensure a safe environment for training, competition, and recreational exercise. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000016 characteristic of exercise http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000019 quality Concept used to describe exercise http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000046 right ventricular ejection fraction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000000 clinical measurement Right ventricular ejection fraction (RVEF), is a measure of the efficiency of pumping into the pulmonary circulation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000048 cardiac function http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C88164 Cardiorespiratory Fitness Functions of pumping the blood in adequate or required amounts and pressure throughout the body. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000049 pulmonary function http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C88164 Cardiorespiratory Fitness Pulmonary function refers to the physiological processes and capabilities of the lungs and respiratory system that enable effective gas exchange. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000053 peak filling rate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000000 clinical measurement Peak filling rate (PFR) defined as the maximum dV/dt divided by LV end-diastolic volume was obtained as the index of LV diastolic function. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000054 time to peak filling rate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000000 clinical measurement The interval, in milliseconds, between the point of minimal ventricular volume and the point at which the peak filling rate occurs is labeled as the time to peak filling rate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000064 alveolar ventilation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000000 clinical measurement Alveolar ventilation is the exchange of gas between the alveoli and the external environment. It is the process by which oxygen is brought into the lungs from the atmosphere and by which the carbon dioxide carried into the lungs in the mixed venous blood is expelled from the body. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000065 closing volume http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000000 clinical measurement The lung volume at which the dependent lung zones cease to ventilate presumably as a result of airway closure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000068 forced expiratory flow http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000000 clinical measurement The flow (or speed) of air coming out of the lung during the middle portion of a forced expiration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000081 peak heart rate during exercise testing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000053 peak filling rate The maxium number of times heart beats per minute during exercise test. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000088 muscle strength http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000150 muscular fitness The amount of force generated by MUSCLE CONTRACTION. Muscle strength can be measured during isometric, isotonic, or isokinetic contraction, either manually or using a device such as a MUSCLE STRENGTH DYNAMOMETER. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000150 muscular fitness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000139 physical fitness Muscular fitness is a general term that describes the general health, strength, and endurance of one's muscles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000090 exergaming http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000091 home exercise video games that are also a form of exercise http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000091 home exercise http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C16567 Exercise Home exercise refers to physical activity performed within one’s residence or personal space, designed to improve fitness, strength, flexibility, or overall health without requiring specialized gym equipment or facilities. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000099 risk stratification http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000015 process a technique for systematically categorizing patients based on their health status and other factors http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000101 general health evaluation http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C150523 Physical Performance Testing General Health Evaluation refers to a comprehensive assessment of an individual's overall physical, mental, and functional well-being. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000102 body composition testing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C150523 Physical Performance Testing Body composition assessment quantifies the fat, water, protein, and bone content of the body. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000103 cardiovascular endurance testing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C150523 Physical Performance Testing Cardiovascular endurance testing is a systematic evaluation of the body's ability to perform continuous, rhythmic exercise over time, reflecting the integrated efficiency of the heart, blood vessels, and lungs in supporting sustained physical effort. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000104 strength and endurance testing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C150523 Physical Performance Testing Strength and endurance testing refers to the systematic evaluation of an individual's physical capacity to exert force (strength) and sustain prolonged physical or mental effort (endurance). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000105 flexibility testing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C150523 Physical Performance Testing Flexibility Testing refers to the assessment of an individual's ability to move a joint or series of joints through their full, pain-free range of motion (ROM). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000106 12-minute run test http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000103 cardiovascular endurance testing The Cooper test, a 12-minute run fitness test, was developed by Kenneth Cooper, MD, in 1968. The test is an easy way to measure aerobic fitness and provide an estimate of VO2 max for military personnel, and it's still used today as a field test for determining aerobic fitness. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000109 muscle endurance testing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000104 strength and endurance testing measures the length of time a muscle group can contract and release before it fatigues http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000114 skinfold measurement http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000102 body composition testing Skinfold measurement is an anthropometric method used to estimate body fat percentage by measuring the thickness of subcutaneous adipose tissue (fat beneath the skin) at specific anatomical sites on the body. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000115 strength testing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000104 strength and endurance testing measure the maximal amount of force a muscle group can exert at one time http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000116 push-up test http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000104 strength and endurance testing The push-up test is a widely used physical fitness assessment that measures upper body muscular endurance and strength, primarily targeting the chest, shoulders, triceps, and core stabilizing muscles. It evaluates an individual’s ability to perform repetitive push-ups with proper form over a set duration or until failure, providing insight into overall upper-body conditioning and endurance capacity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000117 core strength and stability test http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000104 strength and endurance testing Core strength and stability testing refers to the systematic evaluation of an individual's ability to generate force through the muscles of the torso (core strength) and maintain control of spinal and pelvic positioning during static or dynamic movements (core stability). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000119 joint mobility exercise http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C16567 Exercise Use of active or passive body movement to maintain or restore joint flexibility http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000120 ankle mobility exercise http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000119 joint mobility exercise Ankle mobility exercise refers to targeted physical movements or routines designed to enhance the range of motion, flexibility, and strength of the ankle joint. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000121 hip joint exercise http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000119 joint mobility exercise Hip joint exercise refers to physical movements or routines designed to improve the mobility, strength, flexibility, and stability of the hip joint and its surrounding musculature. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000123 lower limb strength training http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000396 muscle-strengthening activity Lower limb strength training refers to a structured exercise regimen designed to enhance the muscular strength, power, endurance, and functional capacity of the lower body. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000396 muscle-strengthening activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C154219 Resistance Training Physical activity and exercise that increase skeletal muscle strength, power, endurance, and mass (e.g. strength training, resistance training, or muscular strength and endurance exercises). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000124 core training http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000396 muscle-strengthening activity Core training refers to exercises that target the muscles of the lumbo-pelvic-hip complex, including the abdominal muscles (rectus abdominis, transverse abdominis, internal and external obliques), back extensors (erector spinae), hip musculature (gluteals, iliopsoas), and deeper stabilizing muscles like the multifidus and diaphragm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000125 jumping exercise http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C16567 Exercise Jumping exercise refers to physical activities that involve repeated or explosive propelling of the body off the ground using the lower limbs, often to improve power, strength, cardiovascular fitness, or neuromuscular coordination. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000126 running exercise http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C39774 Aerobic Exercise running exerciseA form of aerobic or anaerobic physical activity involving rhythmic, repetitive movement of the legs at a pace faster than walking. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000128 cardiopulmonary exercise http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C16567 Exercise Cardiopulmonary exercise refers to physical activity that engages and challenges both the cardiovascular system (heart and blood vessels) and the respiratory system (lungs and airways) to meet the increased metabolic demands of working muscles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000130 agility exercise http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C16567 Exercise Agility exercise refers to a type of physical training designed to improve an individual's ability to rapidly and efficiently change direction, speed, or body position while maintaining control and balance. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000131 flexibility exercise http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C16567 Exercise Flexibility Exercise refers to physical activities aimed at enhancing the ability of muscles and connective tissues to elongate, thereby increasing the range of motion (ROM) around joints and improving overall flexibility. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000132 functional movement screen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C150523 Physical Performance Testing The FMS was developed in the late 1990s by Gray Cook, a physical therapist and strength coach, and Dr. Lee Burton, an athletic trainer. The goal was to create a practical and standardised system for evaluating movement patterns that are foundational to athletic activities. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000134 selective functional movement assessment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C150523 Physical Performance Testing The SFMA is a clinical model used to assist diagnosis and treatment of musculoskeletal disorders by identifying dysfunctions in movement patterns. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000135 Y-balance test http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C150523 Physical Performance Testing a simple, yet reliable, test used to measure dynamic balance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000136 hop test http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C150523 Physical Performance Testing Hop test refers to a functional performance assessment used in sports medicine, physical therapy, and rehabilitation to evaluate lower limb strength, balance, and neuromuscular control. It involves a series of unilateral (single-leg) hopping tasks, such as the single-leg hop, triple hop, crossover hop, or timed hop, where an individual jumps forward or laterally as far or as quickly as possible on one leg. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000137 drop jump landing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C150523 Physical Performance Testing Drop jump landing refers to the biomechanical phase immediately following a drop jump, where an individual descends from a predetermined height (e.g., a platform or box) and contacts the ground, transitioning force through the lower extremities. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000139 physical fitness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000385 fitness The ability to carry out daily tasks and perform physical activities in a highly functional state, often as a result of physical conditioning. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000385 fitness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000019 quality A measure of the body's ability to function efficiently and effectively in work and leisure activities, and includes, for example, physical fitness and cardiorespiratory fitness. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000143 tummy time http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C17708 Physical Activity Tummy time is a colloquialism for placing infant children in the prone position while awake and supervised, to encourage development of the neck and trunk muscles and prevent skull deformations. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000144 maximal aerobic power http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000139 physical fitness the maximum rate at which oxygen can be used during a specified period, usually during intense exercise http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000145 submaximal endurance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C88164 Cardiorespiratory Fitness submaximal endurance capacity. increased by endurance training. average absolute power output a person can maintain during a fixed period of time on cycle ergometer, OR average speed a person can maintain during a fixed period of time. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000151 muscular power http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000150 muscular fitness Muscular power is mainly determined by muscular strength, maximum movement velocity, and neuromuscular activation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000153 isometric strength http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000150 muscular fitness Isometric strength is defined as the capacity to produce force or torque with a voluntary isometric (muscle[s] maintain[s] a constant length) contraction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000155 glucose tolerance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000154 metabolic fitness physiological ability of the body to properly metabolize glucose. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000157 motor fitness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000139 physical fitness Motor fitness is a term that describes an athlete’s ability to perform effectively during sports or other physical activity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000161 speed of movement http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000157 motor fitness The rate at which an object covers distance over time, measured as a scalar quantity representing the magnitude of velocity (without direction). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000166 aerobics http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C154225 Stretching Aerobics is a form of physical exercise that combines rhythmic aerobic exercise with stretching and strength training routines with the goal of improving all elements of fitness (flexibility, muscular strength, and cardio-vascular fitness). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000167 badminton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000246 ball game Badminton is a racquet sport played using racquets to hit a shuttlecock across a net. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000246 ball game http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C39774 Aerobic Exercise Ball games (or ballgames), also ball sports, are any form of game or sport which feature a ball as part of play. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000237 badminton racket http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000236 racket Badminton rackets are light, with top quality rackets weighing between about 70 and 95 grams. Modern rackets are composed of carbon fiber composite (graphite reinforced plastic), which may be augmented by a variety of materials. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000240 shuttlecock http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000013 exercise equipment A shuttlecock (also called a birdie or shuttle) is a high-drag projectile used in the sport of badminton. It has an open conical shape formed by feathers or plastic (or a synthetic alternative) embedded into a rounded cork (or rubber) base. The shuttlecock's shape makes it extremely aerodynamically stable. Regardless of initial orientation, it will turn to fly cork first, and remain in the cork-first orientation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000168 basketball game http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000246 ball game A competitive team sport played on a rectangular court having a raised basket at each end. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000241 basketball http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C49835 Ball Device A basketball is a spherical ball used in basketball games. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000169 boxing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C39774 Aerobic Exercise A two-person sport in which the fists are skillfully used to attack and defend. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000176 gate ball http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000246 ball game Gateball is a mallet team sport inspired by croquet. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000178 hiking in mountains http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C180667 Hiking Hiking in mountains refers to the recreational outdoor activity of walking or trekking on trails or off-path routes in mountainous terrain, typically for enjoyment, exercise, or exploration. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000179 hiking on flat ground http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C180667 Hiking Hiking on flat ground refers to the recreational activity of walking on trails, paths, or open terrain with minimal elevation changes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000183 moderate walking http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C73554 Walking Moderate walking refers to brisk walking at a pace that increases heart rate and breathing noticeably but still allows for comfortable conversation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000184 brisk walking http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C73554 Walking Brisk walking is a type of exercise where a person walks quickly in order to increase the heart rate and get in shape. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000186 fencing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C39774 Aerobic Exercise Fencing is a group of three related combat sports. The three disciplines in modern fencing are the foil, the épée, and the sabre (also saber); winning points are made through the weapon's contact with an opponent. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000187 golf http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000246 ball game A game whose object is to sink a ball into each of 9 or 18 successive holes on a golf course using as few strokes as possible. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000243 golf ball http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C49835 Ball Device A golf ball is a ball designed to be used in golf. Under the rules of golf, a golf ball has a mass no more than 1.620 oz (45.93 g), has a diameter not less than 1.680 inches (42.67 mm), and performs within specified velocity, distance, and symmetry limits. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000244 golf club http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000013 exercise equipment A golf club is a club used to hit a golf ball in a game of golf. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000188 netball game http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000246 ball game Netball is a ball sport played by two teams of seven players. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000247 netball http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C49835 Ball Device Netball is a ball used in netball game. It is around 70 cm in circumference and weighs 400 to 450 grams. It is typically constructed from leather, rubber, or similar material. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000189 table tennis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000246 ball game Table tennis, also known as ping-pong and whiff-whaff, is a sport in which two or four players hit a lightweight ball, also known as the ping-pong ball, back and forth across a table using small rackets. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000274 table tennis racket http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000236 racket A table tennis racket is used by table tennis players. It is usually made from laminated wood covered with rubber on one or two sides depending on the player's grip. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000275 table tennis ball http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C49835 Ball Device The international rules specify that the game is played with a sphere having a mass of 2.7 grams (0.095 oz) and a diameter of 40 millimetres (1.57 in). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000190 skiing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C39774 Aerobic Exercise A snow sport which uses skis to glide over the snow. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000248 ski http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000013 exercise equipment A ski is a narrow strip of semi-rigid material worn underfoot to glide over snow. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000249 ski pole http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000013 exercise equipment Ski poles, also referred to as poles (in North America), sticks (UK), or stocks (Australia),[1][2] are used by skiers for balance and propulsion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000191 alpine skiing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000190 skiing Alpine skiing, or downhill skiing, is the pastime of sliding down snow-covered slopes on skis with fixed-heel bindings, unlike other types of skiing (cross-country, Telemark, or ski jumping), which use skis with free-heel bindings. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000192 cross-country skiing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000190 skiing Cross-country skiing is a form of skiing where skiers rely on their own locomotion to move across snow-covered terrain, rather than using ski lifts or other forms of assistance. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000193 taekwondo http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C39774 Aerobic Exercise Taekwondo is a Korean form of martial arts, characterized by punching and kicking techniques, with emphasis on head-height kicks, jumping spinning kicks, and fast kicking techniques. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000194 tennis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000246 ball game A game played by two or four players with rackets and an elastic ball on a level court divided by a low net. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000276 tennis ball http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C49835 Ball Device A tennis ball is a ball designed for the sport of tennis. Tennis balls are fluorescent yellow in organised competitions, but in recreational play can be virtually any color. Tennis balls are covered in a fibrous felt which modifies their aerodynamic properties, and each has a white curvilinear oval covering it. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000277 tennis racket http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000236 racket A tennis racket is a specialized sports equipment used to hit a tennis ball during a match or practice. It consists of a frame with an open hoop, tightly strung with strings (traditionally made of natural gut, now often synthetic materials like nylon or polyester), and a handle (grip) for holding and swinging. Modern rackets are typically constructed from lightweight, durable materials such as graphite, carbon fiber, or aluminum. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000195 softball game http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000269 bat-and-ball game Softball is a game similar to baseball played with a larger ball (11 to 16 inches or 28 to 40 cm circumference) on a field that has base lengths of 60 feet, a pitcher's mound that ranges from 35 to 43 (professional is 43) feet away from home plate, and a home run fence that is 220–300 feet away from home plate, depending on the type of softball being played. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000269 bat-and-ball game http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000246 ball game Bat-and-ball games (or safe haven games) are field games played by two opposing teams, in which the action starts when the defending team throws a ball at a dedicated player of the attacking team, who tries to hit it with a bat and run between various safe areas in the field to score runs (points), while the defending team can use the ball in various ways against the attacking team's players to force them off the field when they are not in safe zones, and thus prevent them from further scoring. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000260 softball http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C49835 Ball Device Softball is a variation of baseball, the difference being that it is played with a larger ball, on a smaller field, and with only underhand pitches (where the ball is released while the hand is primarily below the ball) permitted. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000196 association football game http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000252 football game A game in which a round inflated ball is advanced by kicking or propelling with any part of the body except the hands or arms. The object of the game is to place the ball in opposite goals. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000252 football game http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000246 ball game Football is a family of team sports that involve, to varying degrees, kicking a ball to score a goal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000253 association football http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000251 football A football, soccer ball, football ball, or association football ball is the ball used in the sport of association football. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000271 squash racket http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000236 racket Squash rackets have maximum dimensions of 686 mm (27.0 in) long and 215 mm (8.5 in) wide, with a maximum strung area of 500 square centimeters (77.5 sq in). The permitted maximum weight is 255 grams (9.0 oz), but most have a weight between 90 and 150 grams (3–5.3 oz.). The strings of the racket usually have a tension of 25-30. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000272 squash ball http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C49835 Ball Device Squash balls are between 39.5 and 40.5 mm in diameter, and weigh 23 to 25 grams. They are made with two pieces of rubber compound, glued together to form a hollow sphere and buffed to a matte finish. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000198 swiss ball exercise http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C16567 Exercise A form of physical training performed using a large, inflatable ball (commonly known as a Swiss ball, exercise ball, stability ball, or physio ball), designed to improve strength, balance, flexibility, and core stability. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000233 stability ball http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C49835 Ball Device An exercise ball is a ball constructed of soft elastic, typically in 5 diameters of 10 cm increments, from 35 to 95 cm (14 to 37 in), and filled with air. The air pressure is changed by removing a valve stem and either filling with air or letting the ball deflate. It is most often used in physical therapy, athletic training and exercise. It can also be used for weight training. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000245 rope http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000013 exercise equipment A rope is a group of yarns, plies, fibers or strands that are twisted or braided together into a larger and stronger form. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000200 gardening http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000392 household domain physical activity Cultivation of PLANTS; (FRUIT; VEGETABLES; MEDICINAL HERBS) on small plots of ground or in containers. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000330 leisure physical activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C17708 Physical Activity Physical activity performed by an individual that is not required as an essential activity of daily living and is performed at the discretion of the individual. Such activities include sports participation, exercise conditioning or training, and recreational activities such as going for a walk, dancing, and gardening. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000392 household domain physical activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C17708 Physical Activity Physical activity undertaken in the home for domestic duties (such as cleaning, caring for children, gardening etc.). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000202 stair climbing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C39774 Aerobic Exercise Stair climbing is the climbing of a flight of stairs. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000203 volleyball game http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000246 ball game A team sport in which two teams hit an inflated ball back and forth over a high net using their hands. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000278 volleyball http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C49835 Ball Device A volleyball is a ball used to play indoor volleyball, beach volleyball, or other less common variations of the sport. Volleyballs are round and traditionally consist of eighteen nearly rectangular panels of synthetic or genuine leather, arranged in six identical sections of three panels each, wrapped around a bladder. A valve permits the internal air pressure to be adjusted. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000204 sprinting http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000350 anaerobic exercise Sprinting is running over a short distance at the top-most speed of the body in a limited period of time. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000350 anaerobic exercise http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C16567 Exercise Anaerobic exercise is a type of exercise that breaks down glucose in the body without using oxygen; anaerobic means "without oxygen". This type of exercise leads to a buildup of lactic acid. In practical terms, this means that anaerobic exercise is more intense, but shorter in duration than aerobic exercise. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000205 bodybuilding http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C154219 Resistance Training Bodybuilding is the use of progressive resistance exercise to control and develop one's muscles (muscle building) by muscle hypertrophy for aesthetic purposes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000207 bodyweight exercise http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C94741 Weight Lifting Bodyweight exercises (also called bodyweight workouts) are strength-training exercises that use an individual's own weight to provide resistance against gravity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000208 suspension training http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000207 bodyweight exercise The term suspension training refers to an approach to strength training that uses a system of ropes and webbing called a "suspension trainer" to allow users to work against their own body weight. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000211 circuit training http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000350 anaerobic exercise Circuit training is a form of body conditioning that involves endurance training, resistance training, high-intensity aerobics, and exercises performed in a circuit, similar to high-intensity interval training. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000212 cross-training http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C16567 Exercise Cross-training is athletic training in sports other than the athlete's usual sport. The goal is improving overall performance. It takes advantage of the particular effectiveness of one training method to negate the shortcomings of another. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000215 interval training http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000350 anaerobic exercise Interval training is a type of training exercise that involves a series of high-intensity workouts interspersed with rest or relief periods. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000218 outdoor fitness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000015 process Outdoor fitness consists of exercise undertaken outside a building for the purpose of improving physical fitness. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000220 virtual reality exercise http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000090 exergaming Virtual reality exercise refers to physical activity performed within a digitally simulated environment, using VR (virtual reality) headsets, motion-tracking sensors, and interactive software. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000221 barbell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000013 exercise equipment A barbell is a piece of exercise equipment used in weight training, bodybuilding, weightlifting and powerlifting, consisting of a long bar, usually with weights attached at each end. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000222 bench http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000013 exercise equipment Weight training benches may be of various designs: fixed horizontal, fixed inclined, fixed in a folded position, with one adjustable portion, with two or more adjustable portions, with racks to hold bars, etc. In the limit, the definition of a bench blurs into that of combinations that mix a bench and associated equipment. Benches are manufactured by many different vendors, in an array of qualities, features, and prices. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000223 BOSU http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000013 exercise equipment A BOSU Balance Trainer (or BOSU ball) is a fitness training device, invented in 1999 by David Weck.[1] It consists of an inflated rubber hemisphere attached to a rigid platform. The device is often used for balance training. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000224 cone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000013 exercise equipment A lightweight, brightly colored (typically orange, yellow, or fluorescent) marker made of flexible plastic, rubber, or foam, shaped like a cone. It is used in sports, training, and fitness activities to designate boundaries, create obstacle courses, mark distances, or outline drills. Cones are portable, stackable, and designed for quick setup and repositioning during exercises. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000225 dumbbell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000013 exercise equipment The dumbbell, a type of free weight, is a piece of equipment used in weight training. It can be used individually or in pairs, with one in each hand. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000226 heavy ropes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000013 exercise equipment Battling ropes are used for fitness training to increase full body strength and conditioning. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000227 hurdle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000013 exercise equipment A hurdle is a moveable section of light fence. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000228 kettlebell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000013 exercise equipment The kettlebell is a cast iron or cast steel ball with a handle attached to the top (resembling a cannonball with a handle). It is used to perform many types of exercises, including ballistic exercises that combine cardiovascular, strength and flexibility training. They are also the primary equipment used in the weight lifting sport of kettlebell lifting. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000229 ladder http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000013 exercise equipment Portable structures typically consisting of two pairs of legs and a series of evenly spaced perpendicular rungs or steps used for climbing. Ladders are typically around 6-10 feet tall, although some shorter ladders (often called stepladders) are approximately 3-4 feet tall and some (called telescoping or extension ladders) may reach up to 20 feet in length. Ladders are typically made of fiberglass, aluminum, or wood. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000230 medicine ball http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C49835 Ball Device A medicine ball (also known as an exercise ball, a med ball, or a fitness ball) is a weighted ball whose diameter is about a shoulder-width, (approx. 13.7 inches (350 mm)), often used for rehabilitation and strength training. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000231 pull-up bar http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000013 exercise equipment A pull-up bar is a horizontal bar, typically made of metal or durable material, fixed securely between two supports (e.g., on a wall, doorframe, or freestanding structure). It is designed for performing upper-body exercises such as pull-ups, chin-ups, hanging leg raises, and other strength-training movements that involve gripping the bar and lifting or suspending one's body weight. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000232 resistance band http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000013 exercise equipment A resistance band is an elastic band used for strength training. They are also commonly used in physical therapy, specifically by convalescents of muscular injuries, including cardiac rehab patients to allow slow rebuilding of strength. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000235 weight machine http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000013 exercise equipment A weight machine is an exercise machine used for weight training that uses gravity as the primary source of resistance and a combination of simple machines to convey that resistance to the person using the machine. Each of the simple machines (pulley, lever, wheel, incline) changes the mechanical advantage of the overall machine relative to the weight. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000236 racket http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000013 exercise equipment A racket or racquet is a sports implement consisting of a handled frame with an open hoop across which a network of strings or catgut is stretched tightly. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000250 baduanjin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C93098 Qigong The Baduanjin qigong is one of the most common forms of Chinese qigong used as exercise. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000255 rugby ball http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000251 football A rugby ball is an elongated ellipsoidal ball used in both codes of rugby football. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000256 gridiron football game http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000252 football game Gridiron football, also known as North American football or, in North America, simply football, is a family of football team sports primarily played in the United States and Canada. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000257 gridiron football http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000251 football In Canada and the United States, a football (also called a pigskin) is a ball, roughly in the form of a prolate spheroid, used in the context of playing gridiron football. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000258 American football http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000256 gridiron football game American football, referred to simply as football in the United States and also known as gridiron, is a team sport played by two teams of eleven players on a rectangular field with goalposts at each end. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000259 Canadian football http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000256 gridiron football game Canadian football is a sport played in Canada in which two teams of 12 players each compete for territorial control of a field of play 110 yards (101 m) long and 65 yards (59 m) wide attempting to advance a pointed oval-shaped ball into the opposing team's scoring area (end zone). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000261 baseball game http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000269 bat-and-ball game Baseball is a bat-and-ball game played between two opposing teams, typically of nine players each, that take turns batting and fielding. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000265 baseball bat http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000263 bat A baseball bat is a smooth wooden or metal club used in the sport of baseball to hit the ball after it is thrown by the pitcher. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000267 baseball glove http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GSSO_005059 glove A baseball glove or mitt is a large glove (traditionally made of leather, today other options do exist) worn by baseball players of the defending team, which assists players in catching and fielding balls hit by a batter or thrown by a teammate. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000262 baseball http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C49835 Ball Device A baseball is the ball used in the sport of baseball. It consists of a rubber or cork center wrapped in yarn and covered with white natural horsehide or cowhide, or a synthetic composite leather. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000263 bat http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000013 exercise equipment The stick-like implement used to hit the ball in bat-and-ball sports. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000268 batting glove http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GSSO_005059 glove Batting gloves are a component in bat-and-ball games sportswear. Typically consisting of a leather palm and back made of nylon or another synthetic fabric, the glove covers one or both hands of a batter, providing comfort, prevention of blisters, warmth, improved grip, and shock absorption when hitting the ball. Batting gloves are considered an essential part of cricket equipment, though they are not mandatory at any level of the game. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000285 chronic condition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000385 fitness A chronic condition is a long-lasting health issue that persists over an extended period (typically three months or more), progresses gradually, and often cannot be cured completely. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000287 electrocardiogram sensor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C28220 Sensor An electrocardiogram sensor is a medical or wearable device that detects, measures, and records the electrical activity of the heart over time. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000288 airflow sensor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C28220 Sensor An air flow sensor is a device that measures the rate of air flow through a system, including combustion engines, HVAC (Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning), and industrial processes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000290 electromyography sensor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C28220 Sensor An electromyography (EMG) sensor is a device that detects and measures electrical activity produced by skeletal muscles during contraction and relaxation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000291 body temperature sensor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C28220 Sensor A body temperature sensor is a device designed to measure the temperature of a human body. These sensors find application in wearable fitness trackers and medical thermometers. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000292 patient position sensor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C28220 Sensor A patient position sensor is a medical device component or system designed to detect, monitor, and/or record the physical orientation, posture, or movement of a patient during medical procedures, imaging, or therapeutic interventions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000294 pulse oximeter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C28220 Sensor A pulse oximeter is a non-invasive device used to measure oxygen saturation in the blood. This article will cover pulse oximetry, including its limitations and clinical application. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000295 galvanic skin response sensor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C28220 Sensor Galvanic skin response (GSR) sensors read the change in electrical conductance between two regions of the skin to measure skin conductance activity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000296 wearable electronic device http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000030 object Electronic implements worn on the body as an implant or as an accessory. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000297 smart glasses http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000296 wearable electronic device Computerized eyewear with multiple technological applications for advanced computing and interoperability. Smart glasses are optimized to facilitate information and data access, capture, display, transfer, and manipulation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000298 smart watch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000296 wearable electronic device A smartwatch is a wearable computer in the form of a watch; modern smartwatches provide a local touchscreen interface for daily use, while an associated smartphone app provides for management and telemetry. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000301 stationary bike http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000013 exercise equipment A stationary bicycle is a device used as exercise equipment for indoor cycling. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000303 fasting plasma glucose http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000046 blood glucose level Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels are determined by taking a blood sample from participants who have fasted for at least 8 hours. It can be measured in mmol/L or in mg/dL. For comparability, these values are converted in mmol/L. Other related biomarkers, such as haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), can be used to help calculate national estimates. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000305 exercise addiction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000019 quality Exercise addiction is a state characterized by a compulsive engagement in any form of physical exercise, despite negative consequences. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000310 sedentary behavior http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C17708 Physical Activity Any waking behaviour characterized by an energy expenditure of 1.5 METS or lower while sitting, reclining, or lying. Most desk-based office work, driving a car, and watching television are examples of sedentary behaviours; these can also apply to those unable to stand, such as wheelchair users. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000311 aquatic exercise http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C16567 Exercise exercise performed in water http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000318 sit up exercise http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000207 bodyweight exercise The sit-up is an abdominal endurance training exercise to strengthen, tighten and tone the abdominal muscles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000327 total daily energy expenditure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000326 total energy expenditure the Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR) + the Thermic Effect of Activity (TEA) + the Thermic Effect of Food (TEF) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000328 thermic effect of physical activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000016 characteristic of exercise The thermic effect of physical activity (TEPA) is the amount of energy burned during all physical activity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000329 thermic effect of food http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000019 quality Specific dynamic action (SDA), also known as thermic effect of food (TEF) or dietary induced thermogenesis (DIT), is the amount of energy expenditure above the basal metabolic rate due to the cost of processing food for use and storage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000331 moderate physical activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000333 moderate-to-vigorous physical activity On an absolute scale, moderate-intensity refers to the physical activity that is performed between 3 and less than 6 times the intensity of rest. On a scale relative to an individual’s personal capacity, moderate-intensity physical activity is usually a 5 or 6 on a scale of 0–10. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000333 moderate-to-vigorous physical activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C17708 Physical Activity Moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) refers to physical activities that require sustained, rhythmic movement and elevate heart rate and breathing to a level where exertion is perceived as moderate or intense. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000332 vigorous physical activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000333 moderate-to-vigorous physical activity On an absolute scale, vigorous-intensity refers to physical activity that is performed at 6.0 or more METS. On a scale relative to an individual’s personal capacity, vigorous-intensity physical activity is usually a 7 or 8 on a scale of 0–10. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000341 muscle tone http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000150 muscular fitness Muscle tone is traditionally defined as ‘the tension in the relaxed muscle’ or ‘the resistance, felt by the examiner during passive stretching of a joint when the muscles are at rest’. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000345 recreational exercise http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C16567 Exercise Physical activity performed primarily for enjoyment, relaxation, or social interaction rather than for competitive, occupational, or structured fitness goals. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000346 high-intensity functional training http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000350 anaerobic exercise High-intensity functional training (HIFT) is an exercise modality that emphasizes functional, multi-joint movements that can be modified to any fitness level and elicit greater muscle recruitment than more traditional exercise. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000347 cardiopulmonary endurance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000000 clinical measurement Cardiopulmonary endurance is the ability of body to perform aerobic exercise or activity for long periods of time without tiring. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000349 liuzijue http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C93098 Qigong The Six Healing Sounds or Liu Zi Jue is one of the common forms of Chinese qigong, and involves the coordination of movement and breathing patterns with specific sounds. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000352 range of motion exercise http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C16567 Exercise Actions performed to provide the active or passive exercises to maintain joint function http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000353 range of motion testing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C150523 Physical Performance Testing A clinical or rehabilitative assessment that measures the maximum movement potential of a joint or body part in specific directions (e.g., flexion, extension, rotation). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000361 rotator cuff injury http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C110943 Musculoskeletal Injury Injuries to the ROTATOR CUFF of the shoulder joint. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000364 acute sprain of ankle joint http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C110943 Musculoskeletal Injury Acute ankle sprains are commonly seen in both primary care and sports medicine practices as well as emergency departments and can result in significant short-term morbidity, recurrent injuries, and functional instability. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000383 balance training http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C16567 Exercise Static and dynamic exercises that are designed to improve an individual’s ability to withstand challenges from postural sway or destabilizing stimuli caused by self-motion, the environment, or other objects. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000384 bone-strengthening activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C154219 Resistance Training Physical activity primarily designed to increase the strength of specific sites in bones that make up the skeletal system. Bone-strengthening activities produce an impact or tension force on the bones that promotes bone growth and strength. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000386 functional exercise http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C16567 Exercise Exercises that can be embedded into everyday tasks to improve lower-body strength, balance, and motor performance. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000387 tandem stand http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000386 functional exercise Tandem stance (TS) is a recognised clinical measure of standing balance and it has been shown that the performance deteriorates with age. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000388 one-leg stand http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000386 functional exercise The one-leg stand is a physical test or exercise in which an individual is required to stand upright on one leg while maintaining balance, often with the other leg lifted off the ground (e.g., bent at the knee or extended forward/backward). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000389 chair stand http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000386 functional exercise A functional assessment exercise used to evaluate lower body strength, endurance, and mobility, particularly in older adults or individuals undergoing rehabilitation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000390 toe raise http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000386 functional exercise Toe Raise refers to a strength and mobility exercise that involves lifting the toes and forefoot upward while keeping the heel planted on the ground. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000391 stepping over obstacles http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000386 functional exercise Stepping over obstacles is a functional exercise that involves lifting one or both legs to clear physical barriers, mimicking real-life movements to enhance strength, balance, coordination, and adaptability. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000393 cleaning http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000392 household domain physical activity The action of removing dirt, filth, or unwanted substances from. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000395 light-intensity physical activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C17708 Physical Activity Light-intensity physical activity is between 1.5 and 3 METs, i.e. activities with energy cost less than 3 times the energy expenditure at rest for that person. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000397 multicomponent physical activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C17708 Physical Activity Multicomponent physical activity refers to exercise programs or routines that combine multiple types of physical activities to target different aspects of physical fitness and health. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000398 physical inactivity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000139 physical fitness An insufficient physical activity level to meet present physical activity recommendations. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000399 screen time http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000019 quality Screen time is the amount of time spent using an electronic device with a display screen such as a smartphone, computer, television, video game console, or tablet. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000400 recreational screen time http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000399 screen time Time spent watching screens (television (TV), computer, mobile devices) for purposes other than those related to education/study or work. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000401 sedentary screen time http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000400 recreational screen time Time spent watching screen-based entertainment (TV, computer, mobile devices). Does not include active screen-based games where physical activity or movement is required. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000402 transport domain physical activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C17708 Physical Activity Physical activity performed for the purpose of getting to and from places, and refers to walking, cycling and wheeling (the use of non-motorized means of locomotion with wheels, such as scooters, rollerblades, manual wheelchair etc.). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000403 work domain physical activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C17708 Physical Activity Physical activity undertaken during paid or voluntary work. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000404 conditioning http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C39774 Aerobic Exercise Conditioning refers to the systematic process of improving physical fitness, endurance, strength, speed, flexibility, and overall athletic performance through targeted training programs. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0014896 muscle hypertrophy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000015 process The muscle system process that results in enlargement or overgrowth of all or part of a muscle organ due to an increase in the size of its muscle cells. Physiological hypertrophy is a normal process during development (it stops in cardiac muscle after adolescence) and can also be brought on in response to demand. In athletes cardiac and skeletal muscles undergo hypertrophy stimulated by increasing muscle activity on exercise. Smooth muscle cells in the uterus undergo hypertrophy during pregnancy. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0003955 basal metabolic rate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000000 clinical measurement This is a calculated value which is a measure of the rate of energy expenditure per unit time by endothermic animals at rest. It represents the minimum amount of energy required to sustain life while at complete rest, including the body being in a post-absorptive state (ie the digestive system is inactive. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C181501 Muscle Endurance Measurement http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000150 muscular fitness A measurement of a muscle's ability to perform repetitive contractions against a force. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGMS_0000045 disorder http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000040 material entity A material entity which is clinically abnormal and part of an extended organism. Disorders are the physical basis of disease. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C172269 Dancing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C39774 Aerobic Exercise A physical activity that consists of moving your feet and body rhythmically, usually in response to music. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C172473 Exercise Intensity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000016 characteristic of exercise A determination or assessment of the degree or magnitude of an individual's exertion during physical activity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C180667 Hiking http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C39774 Aerobic Exercise The activity of walking for recreation, exercise, or training that is usually strenuous and on unpaved surfaces. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/ENVO_01000614 bicycle http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000013 exercise equipment A bicycle is a human-powered, pedal-driven, single-track vehicle, having two wheels attached to a frame, one behind the other. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C19796 Smoking Status http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000019 quality An indication of a person's current tobacco and nicotine consumption as well as some indication of smoking history. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C21057 Isometric Exercise http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C16567 Exercise An exercise that is performed by exerting force against an immovable object or by holding an object in a static position. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C21058 Isotonic Exercise http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C16567 Exercise An exercise that involves the movement of a constant weight or load through a specified range of motion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C21059 Isokinetic Exercise http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C16567 Exercise An exercise that involves movement at a constant rate with a variable force throughout a specified range of motion. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C34405 Sports Injury http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGMS_0000102 injury An injury sustained while practicing or competing in a sport. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C49835 Ball Device http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000013 exercise equipment Any device that is spherical in shape. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C69317 Sphygmomanometer http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C28220 Sensor An instrument used for non-invasive determination of arterial blood pressure, generally consisting of an inflatable cuff and a pressure readout device, classically, a column of mercury. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C80400 Fasting Blood Sugar Measurement http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000046 blood glucose level A quantitative measurement of the amount of glucose present in a sample of blood, obtained from a source that has abstained from nutrition, typically at least 8 hours prior to the sample collection time. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C81011 Stair http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000013 exercise equipment A support consisting of a place to rest the foot while ascending or descending a stairway. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C139210 Grip Strength http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000150 muscular fitness An assessment of hand muscle strength that measures that force with which one holds or grasps. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C150046 Physical Function http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000034 function An individual's capacity to undertake physical activities, such as everyday tasks. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C150523 Physical Performance Testing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000015 process Any of various activities and tests designed to assess an individual's physical fitness. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C110943 Musculoskeletal Injury http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OGMS_0000102 injury Damage to the muscles, bones and their supportive structural attachments. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C25190 Person http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000040 material entity A human being. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C122028 Rating of Perceived Exertion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000019 quality A scale for a subject to rate their perception of the intensity of their own physical effort. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C122029 Warm-Up http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C39774 Aerobic Exercise A period of lower-intensity activity designed to prepare the body for more vigorous exercise. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C94741 Weight Lifting http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C154219 Resistance Training A type of resistance exercise and strength training that involves moving weights by muscle contraction. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C15302 Physical Therapy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MAXO_0000001 medical action The treatment of deformity or disease through mechanical force and movement, including both active and passive exercises, intended to ameliorate injury, increase mobility, and improve overall function. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C16268 Elderly http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C25190 Person An age group comprised of individuals 65 years of age and older. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C46109 Male Gender http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C17357 Gender The cultural, social, psychological, and behavior norms that are associated with being a man. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C46110 Female Gender http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C17357 Gender The cultural, social, psychological, and behavior norms that are associated with being a woman. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C48058 Energy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000040 material entity The capacity of a physical system to do work. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C49157 Adjustment http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000015 process The act of making necessary corrections or modifications. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C63507 Range of Motion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000139 physical fitness A measure of joint flexibility consisting of flexion, how far it can bend, and extension, how far it can stretch. It is usually measured by the number of degrees from the starting position of a segment to its position at the end of its arc. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C64896 CAM Exercise Therapy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C16567 Exercise A form of treatment derived from Complimentary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) that uses various methods of movement in an effort to enhance physical, mental, and emotional health. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C178017 Skeletal Muscle Mass http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000000 clinical measurement A measurement of the mass of all skeletal muscle in the body. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GSSO_010636 pregnant woman http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C25190 Person A woman who is pregnant. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C17049 Race http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000019 quality A geographic ancestral origin category that is assigned to a population group based mainly on physical characteristics that are thought to be distinct and inherent. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C17708 Physical Activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000015 process Any form of exercise or movement. Physical activity may include planned activity such as walking, running, basketball, or other sports. Physical activity may also include other daily activities such as household chores, yard work, walking the dog, etc. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C16423 Child http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C25190 Person An age group comprised of individuals who are not yet an adult. The specific cut-off age will vary by purpose. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C16567 Exercise http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C17708 Physical Activity Activity that requires physical or mental exertion, especially when performed to develop or maintain fitness. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C17357 Gender http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000019 quality Characteristics of people that are socially constructed, including norms, behaviors, and roles based on sex. As a social construct, gender varies from society to society and can change over time. (Adapted from WHO.) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C17600 Adult http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C25190 Person An age group comprised of humans who have reached reproductive age. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MAXO_0000001 medical action http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000015 process A clinically prescribed procedure, therapy, intervention, or recommendation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OPMI_0000161 birth weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OPMI_0000160 body weight A body weight that is obtained immediately after birth http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C168192 Exercise Cardiac Stress Test http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C150523 Physical Performance Testing A graded test to measure an individual's heart rate and oxygen intake while undergoing strenuous physical exercise; most often assessed on a treadmill. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OCCO_00000068 explosive strength http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000150 muscular fitness The ability to use short bursts of muscle force to propel oneself (as in jumping or sprinting), or to throw an object. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0032316 Family history http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0032443 Past medical history Information about close relatives of an individual who is the proband of a study or who is being investigated with the goal of identifying a medical diagnosis. Usually, the family history includes information from three generations of relatives, including children, brothers and sisters, parents, aunts and uncles, nieces and nephews, grandparents, and cousins. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0032443 Past medical history http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000019 quality In a medical encounter, the physician generally will interview the patient about his or her current problem, and may perform additional testing. The past medical history (PMH) in contrast records information about the patient's medical, personal and family history that might be relevant to the presenting illness or to provide optimal clinical management. The PMH generally includes (if relevant) other major illnesses, hospitalizations, surgeries, injuries, allergies, gynecologic and obstetric history, family history, personal history including occupational history, alcohol and drug use, etc. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MAXO_0000465 aquatic exercise therapy http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MAXO_0000001 medical action Therapy occuring in a pool or bath which is a low-impact activity and takes the pressure off your bones, joints, and muscles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C38084 Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 Second http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000254 forced expiratory volume A test of lung function, the FEV1 is the volume exhaled during the first second of a forced expiratory maneuver started from the level of total lung capacity. It is the most frequently used index for assessing bronchoconstriction or bronchodilatation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C39771 Light Exercise http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C16567 Exercise 20-60 minutes of exercise which elevates your heart rate to 35-60% of your maximum heart rate performed at least 3-4 times per week. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C39772 Moderate Exercise http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C16567 Exercise 20-60 minutes of exercise which elevates your heart rate to 60-80% of your maximum heart rate performed at least 3-4 times per week. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C39773 Strenuous Exercise http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C16567 Exercise 20-60 minutes of exercise which elevates your heart rate to 80-90% of your maximum heart rate performed at least 3-4 times per week. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C39774 Aerobic Exercise http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C16567 Exercise Sustained exercise that places an increased oxygen demand on the cardiovascular system and promotes an increased efficiency of the body's use of oxygen. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C39777 Very Light Exercise http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C16567 Exercise Light exercise for less than 20 minutes, 20-60 minutes of exercise which elevates your heart rate to less than 35% of your maximum heart rate, or light exercise less than 3 times per week. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C40645 Lipid Metabolism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000154 metabolic fitness Lipid Metabolism involves anabolic and catabolic biochemical changes to the hydrophobic class of biochemicals within a cell as materials needed for important life processes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C89729 Metabolic Equivalent of Task http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000031 generically dependent continuant A mathematic formula used to estimate individual oxygen consumption, and thus energy expenditure, at rest and for various physical activities. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C89800 Functional Residual Capacity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000000 clinical measurement The volume of air remaining in the lungs after a normal exhalation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C43545 Bioelectric Impedance Analysis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000102 body composition testing A method to assess body composition, i.e., the relative percentages of body weight comprised of fat tissue and lean body mass. It is based on the principle that the resistance to an applied electric current is inversely related to the amount of lean body mass within the body. Impedance is greatest in fat tissue, which contains only 10-20% water, while lean body mass, which contains 70-75% water, allows the signal to pass much more easily. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0002881 cardiac index http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000197 cardiac output A calculated measurement in which the cardiac output is divided by the weight of the body, and the result presented as a ratio, fraction, quotient or percentage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C154219 Resistance Training http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000350 anaerobic exercise Physical exercise that uses weight, or other forms of resistance, to induce muscle contraction and build strength, anaerobic endurance, and size of skeletal muscles. Typical exercises include leg and chest press, knee extension, leg curl, row, abdominal crunch, and bicep curl. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C154225 Stretching http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C16567 Exercise A physical exercise in which a specific muscle or tendon is deliberately flexed or stretched in order to improve the muscle's elasticity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MAXO_0035091 electromyography procedure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MAXO_0000001 medical action Electromyography (EMG) is a diagnostic procedure that evaluates the muscle response to electrical impulses from the nerves that control them, called motor neurons. The test is used to help detect neuromuscular abnormalities. It is usually performed after a nerve conduction study. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C192423 Squatting http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000386 functional exercise A near sitting position in which the body is lowered while the knees and hips are bent and the weight is supported on one's ankles and feet. The chest is up and the thighs are nearly parallel to the floor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000148 zero-dimensional temporal region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000008 temporal region temporal instant. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000270 softball glove http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GSSO_005059 glove http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000008 temporal region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000003 occurrent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000011 spatiotemporal region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000003 occurrent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000141 immaterial entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000004 independent continuant http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000009 two-dimensional spatial region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000006 spatial region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000018 zero-dimensional spatial region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000006 spatial region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000026 one-dimensional spatial region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000006 spatial region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000028 three-dimensional spatial region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000006 spatial region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000038 one-dimensional temporal region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000008 temporal region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000182 history http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000015 process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C62739 Exercise Intervention http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000015 process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000034 function http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000016 disposition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000016 disposition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000017 realizable entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000080 resting heart rate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000019 quality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000326 total energy expenditure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000019 quality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000019 quality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000020 specifically dependent continuant http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C28220 Sensor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000030 object http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000024 fiat object part http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000040 material entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000027 object aggregate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000040 material entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000030 object http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000040 material entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000142 one-dimensional continuant fiat boundary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000140 continuant fiat boundary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000146 two-dimensional continuant fiat boundary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000140 continuant fiat boundary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000147 zero-dimensional continuant fiat boundary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000140 continuant fiat boundary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000006 spatial region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000141 immaterial entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000029 site http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000141 immaterial entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_14107 De Quervain disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/DOID_17 musculoskeletal system disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C93039 Galvanic Skin Response http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000000 clinical measurement http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/OPMI_0000160 body weight http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000000 clinical measurement http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000302 body fat percentage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000089 body fat morphological measurement http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000305 total body fat mass http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CMO_0000089 body fat morphological measurement http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000108 VO2 max testing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000103 cardiovascular endurance testing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000110 shoulder flexibility testing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000105 flexibility testing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000111 sit-and-reach testing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000105 flexibility testing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000112 trunk lift testing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000105 flexibility testing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000175 long-distance running http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000126 running exercise http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000356 brain health http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000385 fitness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000158 agility http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000157 motor fitness http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000251 football http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C49835 Ball Device http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000363 injury of cruciate ligament of knee http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C110943 Musculoskeletal Injury http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000365 acute lumbar muscle sprain http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C110943 Musculoskeletal Injury http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000366 musculi piriformis syndrome http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C110943 Musculoskeletal Injury http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C93098 Qigong http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C93097 Mind/body Exercise http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C93099 Tai Chi http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C93097 Mind/body Exercise http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C64897 Yoga http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C93097 Mind/body Exercise http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/EXMO_0000199 jump rope http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C39774 Aerobic Exercise http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C93097 Mind/body Exercise http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCIT_C39774 Aerobic Exercise http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000001 entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002234 has output http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0000057 has participant produces p has output c iff c is a participant in p, c is present at the end of p, and c is not present in the same state at the beginning of p. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0000052 characteristic of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002314 characteristic of part of inheres_in a relation between a specifically dependent continuant (the characteristic) and any other entity (the bearer), in which the characteristic depends on the bearer for its existence. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0000079 function of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0000052 characteristic of is function of a relation between a function and an independent continuant (the bearer), in which the function specifically depends on the bearer for its existence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0000080 quality of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0000052 characteristic of quality_of a relation between a quality and an independent continuant (the bearer), in which the quality specifically depends on the bearer for its existence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0000085 has function http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0000053 has characteristic has_function a relation between an independent continuant (the bearer) and a function, in which the function specifically depends on the bearer for its existence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0000086 has quality http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0000053 has characteristic has_quality a relation between an independent continuant (the bearer) and a quality, in which the quality specifically depends on the bearer for its existence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002000 2D boundary of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002323 mereotopologically related to surface of a relation between a 2D immaterial entity (the boundary) and a material entity, in which the boundary delimits the material entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002002 has 2D boundary http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002323 mereotopologically related to has_2D_boundary a relation between a material entity and a 2D immaterial entity (the boundary), in which the boundary delimits the material entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002087 immediately_preceded_by http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000062 preceded_by starts_at_end_of X immediately_preceded_by Y iff: end(X) simultaneous_with start(Y) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002350 member of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000050 part of member part of is member of is a mereological relation between a item and a collection. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000051 has part http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002131 overlaps has_part a core relation that holds between a whole and its part http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0000087 has role http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0000053 has characteristic has_role a relation between an independent continuant (the bearer) and a role, in which the role specifically depends on the bearer for its existence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002327 enables http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002215 capable of is executing c enables p iff c is capable of p and c acts to execute p. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002409 indirectly negatively regulates http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0012012 indirectly regulates indirectly inhibits p indirectly negatively regulates q iff p is indirectly causally upstream of q and p negatively regulates q. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002436 molecularly interacts with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002434 interacts with molecularly binds with An interaction relationship in which the two partners are molecular entities that directly physically interact with each other for example via a stable binding interaction or a brief interaction during which one modifies the other. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002449 directly negatively regulates activity of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002448 directly regulates activity of directly inhibits The entity A, immediately upstream of the entity B, has an activity that negatively regulates an activity performed by B. For example, A and B may be gene products and binding of B by A negatively regulates the kinase activity of B. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002378 anabranch of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002377 distributary of anastomoses with x anabranch_of y if x is a distributary of y (i.e. it channels a from a larger flow from y) and x ultimately channels the flow back into y. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002524 has subsequence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002526 overlaps sequence of contains x has subsequence y iff all of the sequence parts of y are sequence parts of x http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002525 is subsequence of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002526 overlaps sequence of contained by inverse of has subsequence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0003305 contributes to severity of condition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0003304 contributes to condition contributes to expressivity of condition A relationship between an entity (e.g. a genotype, genetic variation, chemical, or environmental exposure) and a condition (a phenotype or disease), where the entity influences the severity with which a condition manifests in an individual. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0003306 contributes to frequency of condition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0003304 contributes to condition contributes to penetrance of condition A relationship between an entity (e.g. a genotype, genetic variation, chemical, or environmental exposure) and a condition (a phenotype or disease), where the entity influences the frequency of the condition in a population. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0003307 ameliorates condition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0003305 contributes to severity of condition is preventative for condition A relationship between an entity (e.g. a genotype, genetic variation, chemical, or environmental exposure) and a condition (a phenotype or disease), where the presence of the entity reduces or eliminates some or all aspects of the condition. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002150 continuous with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002323 mereotopologically related to connected to X continuous_with Y if and only if X and Y share a fiat boundary. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0011013 indirectly positively regulates activity of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0011004 indirectly regulates activity of indirectly activates The entity A is not immediately upstream of the entity B and has an activity that up-regulates an activity performed by B. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0011016 indirectly negatively regulates activity of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0011004 indirectly regulates activity of indirectly inhibits The entity A is not immediately upstream of the entity B and has an activity that down-regulates an activity performed by B. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000062 preceded_by http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002086 ends after preceded_by x is preceded by y if and only if the time point at which y ends is before or equivalent to the time point at which x starts. Formally: x preceded by y iff ω(y) <= α(x), where α is a function that maps a process to a start point, and ω is a function that maps a process to an end point. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002156 derived by descent from http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002320 evolutionarily related to evolutionarily_descended_from d derived_by_descent_from a if d is specified by some genetic program that is sequence-inherited-from a genetic program that specifies a. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0000081 role of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0000052 characteristic of role_of a relation between a role and an independent continuant (the bearer), in which the role specifically depends on the bearer for its existence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0017003 positively correlated with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002610 correlated with directly correlated with A relation between entities in which one increases or decreases as the other does the same. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0017004 negatively correlated with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002610 correlated with inversely correlated with A relation between entities in which one increases as the other decreases. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000050 part of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002131 overlaps part_of a core relation that holds between a part and its whole http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002233 has input http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0000057 has participant consumes p has input c iff: p is a process, c is a material entity, c is a participant in p, c is present at the start of p, and the state of c is modified during p. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002314 characteristic of part of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002502 depends on inheres in part of q characteristic of part of w if and only if there exists some p such that q inheres in p and p part of w. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002215 capable of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002216 capable of part of has function realized in A relation between a material entity (such as a cell) and a process, in which the material entity has the ability to carry out the process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002331 involved in http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002431 involved in or involved in regulation of enables part of c involved_in p if and only if c enables some process p', and p' is part of p http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002376 tributary of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002375 in branching relationship with tributary channel of x tributary_of y if and only if x a channel for the flow of a substance into y, where y is larger than x. If x and y are hydrographic features, then y is the main stem of a river, or a lake or bay, but not the sea or ocean. If x and y are anatomical, then y is a vein. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002377 distributary of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002375 in branching relationship with distributary channel of x distributary_of y if and only if x is capable of channeling the flow of a substance to y, where y channels less of the substance than x http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002431 involved in or involved in regulation of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002500 causal agent in process involved in or reguates c involved in or regulates p if and only if either (i) c is involved in p or (ii) c is involved in regulation of p http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002437 biotically interacts with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002321 ecologically related to interacts with on organism level An interaction relationship in which at least one of the partners is an organism and the other is either an organism or an abiotic entity with which the organism interacts. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002551 has skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000051 has part has supporting framework A relation between a segment or subdivision of an organism and the maximal subdivision of material entities that provides structural support for that segment or subdivision. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002101 fasciculates with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002131 overlaps fasciculates with relationship between a neuron and a neuron projection bundle (e.g.- tract or nerve bundle) that one or more of its projections travels through. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002110 has postsynaptic terminal in http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002130 has synaptic terminal in synapsed in Relation between a neuron and some structure (e.g.- a brain region) in which it receives (chemical) synaptic input. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002113 has presynaptic terminal in http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002130 has synaptic terminal in synapses in Relation between a neuron and some structure (e.g.- a brain region) in which it receives (chemical) synaptic input. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002130 has synaptic terminal in http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002131 overlaps has synapse in A general relation between a neuron and some structure in which it either chemically synapses to some target or in which it receives (chemical) synaptic input. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002151 partially overlaps http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002131 overlaps proper overlaps x partially overlaps y iff there exists some z such that z is part of x and z is part of y, and it is also the case that neither x is part of y or y is part of x http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002216 capable of part of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002500 causal agent in process has function in c stands in this relationship to p if and only if there exists some p' such that c is capable_of p', and p' is part_of p. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002329 part of structure that is capable of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002328 functionally related to 0 this relation holds between c and p when c is part of some c', and c' is capable of p. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002418 causally upstream of or within http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002501 causal relation between processes influences (processual) p is 'causally upstream or within' q iff p is causally related to q, and the end of p precedes, or is coincident with, the end of q. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002132 has fasciculating neuron projection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002131 overlaps has fasciculating component The relation between a neuron projection bundle and a neuron projection that is fasciculated with it. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002210 directly develops into http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002203 develops into developmental precursor of inverse of directly develops from http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002224 starts with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002222 temporally related to started by x starts with y if and only if x has part y and the time point at which x starts is equivalent to the time point at which y starts. Formally: α(y) = α(x) ∧ ω(y) < ω(x), where α is a function that maps a process to a start point, and ω is a function that maps a process to an end point. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002230 ends with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002222 temporally related to finished by x ends with y if and only if x has part y and the time point at which x ends is equivalent to the time point at which y ends. Formally: α(y) > α(x) ∧ ω(y) = ω(x), where α is a function that maps a process to a start point, and ω is a function that maps a process to an end point. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002231 has start location http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002479 has part that occurs in starts with process that occurs in x 'has starts location' y if and only if there exists some process z such that x 'starts with' z and z 'occurs in' y http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002232 has end location http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002479 has part that occurs in ends with process that occurs in x 'has end location' y if and only if there exists some process z such that x 'ends with' z and z 'occurs in' y http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002256 developmentally induced by http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002258 developmentally preceded by induced by t1 induced_by t2 if there is a process of developmental induction (GO:0031128) with t1 and t2 as interacting participants. t2 causes t1 to change its fate from a precursor material anatomical entity type T to T', where T' develops_from T http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002285 developmentally replaces http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002258 developmentally preceded by replaces x developmentally replaces y if and only if there is some developmental process that causes x to move or to cease to exist, and for the site that was occupied by x to become occupied by y, where y either comes into existence in this site or moves to this site from somewhere else http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002303 has habitat http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002321 ecologically related to adapted for living in x 'has habitat' y if and only if: x is an organism, y is a habitat, and y can sustain and allow the growth of a population of xs. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002313 transports or maintains localization of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002337 related via localization to regulates localization of Holds between p and c when p is a localization process (localization covers maintenance of localization as well as its establishment) and the outcome of this process is to regulate the localization of c. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002400 has direct input http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002233 has input directly consumes p has direct input c iff c is a participant in p, c is present at the start of p, and the state of c is modified during p. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002407 indirectly positively regulates http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0012012 indirectly regulates indirectly activates p indirectly positively regulates q iff p is indirectly causally upstream of q and p positively regulates q. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002413 provides input for http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002414 transitively provides input for directly provides input for p provides input for q iff p is immediately causally upstream of q, and there exists some c such that p has_output c and q has_input c. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002432 is active in http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002328 functionally related to executes activity in c executes activity in d if and only if c enables p and p occurs_in d. Assuming no action at a distance by gene products, if a gene product enables (is capable of) a process that occurs in some structure, it must have at least some part in that structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002439 preys on http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002438 trophically interacts with preys upon An interaction relationship involving a predation process, where the subject kills the target in order to eat it or to feed to siblings, offspring or group members http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002444 parasite of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002454 has host parasitizes A parasite-host relationship where an organism benefits at the expense of another. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002445 parasitized by http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002453 host of parasitised by Inverse of parasite of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002450 directly positively regulates activity of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002448 directly regulates activity of directly activates The entity A, immediately upstream of the entity B, has an activity that positively regulates an activity performed by B. For example, A and B may be gene products and binding of B by A positively regulates the kinase activity of B. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002458 preyed upon by http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002438 trophically interacts with is target of predation interaction with inverse of preys on http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002470 eats http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002438 trophically interacts with is subject of eating interaction with A biotic interaction where one organism consumes a material entity through a type of mouth or other oral opening. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002471 is eaten by http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002438 trophically interacts with is target of eating interaction with Inverse of eats http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002505 has intermediate http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0000057 has participant has intermediate product p has intermediate c if and only if p has parts p1, p2 and p1 has output c, and p2 has input c http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002516 has start sequence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002524 has subsequence started by x has start sequence y if the start of x is identical to the start of y, and x has y as a subsequence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002517 is start sequence of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002525 is subsequence of starts inverse of has start sequence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002518 has end sequence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002524 has subsequence ended by x has end sequence y if the end of x is identical to the end of y, and x has y as a subsequence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002519 is end sequence of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002525 is subsequence of ends inverse of has end sequence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002527 does not overlap sequence of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002514 sequentially related to disconnected from x does not overlap the sequence of y if and only if there is no z such that x has a subsequence z and z is a subsequence of y. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002599 capable of inhibiting or preventing pathological process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002597 capable of negatively regulating treats Holds between a material entity c and a pathological process p if and only if c is capable of some activity a, where a inhibits p. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002600 capable of upregulating or causing pathological process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002598 capable of positively regulating causes disease Holds between a material entity c and a pathological process p if and only if c is capable of some activity a, where a negatively regulates p. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002606 is substance that treats http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002599 capable of inhibiting or preventing pathological process treats c is a substance that treats d if c is a material entity (such as a small molecule or compound) and d is a pathological process, phenotype or disease, and c is capable of some activity that negative regulates or decreases the magnitude of d. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0004027 disease has inflammation site http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0004026 disease has location A relationship between a disease and an anatomical entity where the disease is triggered by an inflammatory response to stimuli occurring in the anatomical entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0004028 realized in response to stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002410 causally related to A relationship between a realizable entity R (e.g. function or disposition) and a material entity M where R is realized in response to a process that has an input stimulus of M. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0004029 disease has feature http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0040035 disease relationship A relationship between a disease and some feature of that disease, where the feature is either a phenotype or an isolated disease. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0004030 disease arises from alteration in structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0004019 disease has basis in A relationship between a disease and an anatomical structure where the material basis of the disease is some pathological change in the structure. Anatomical structure includes cellular and sub-cellular entities, such as chromosome and organelles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0004009 has primary input http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002233 has input p has primary input c if (a) p has input c and (b) the goal of process is to modify, consume, or transform c. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000001 in homology relationship with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002158 shares ancestor with Similarity that results from common evolutionary origin. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000016 in non functional homology relationship with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000006 in structural homology relationship with Structural homology that involves a pseudogenic feature and its functional ancestor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002025 has effector activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002017 has component activity A 'has effector activity' B if A and B are GO molecular functions (GO_0003674), A 'has component activity' B and B is the effector (output function) of B. Each compound function has only one effector activity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0040036 results in changes to anatomical or cellular structure http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0000057 has participant p has anatomical participant c iff p has participant c, and c is an anatomical entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002100 has soma location http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002131 overlaps Relation between a neuron and a material anatomical entity that its soma is part of. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002160 only in taxon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002162 in taxon x only in taxon y if and only if x is in taxon y, and there is no other organism z such that y!=z a and x is in taxon z. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002258 developmentally preceded by http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002324 developmentally related to Candidate definition: x developmentally related to y if and only if there exists some developmental process (GO:0032502) p such that x and y both participates in p, and x is the output of p and y is the input of p http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002162 in taxon http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002320 evolutionarily related to x is in taxon y if an only if y is an organism, and the relationship between x and y is one of: part of (reflexive), developmentally preceded by, derives from, secreted by, expressed. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002286 developmentally succeeded by http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002384 has developmental potential involving Inverse of developmentally preceded by http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002371 attached to http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002177 attached to part of a is attached to b if and only if a and b are discrete objects or object parts, and there are physical connections between a and b such that a force pulling a will move b, or a force pulling b will move a http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002384 has developmental potential involving http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002324 developmentally related to x has developmental potential involving y iff x is capable of a developmental process with output y. y may be the successor of x, or may be a different structure in the vicinity (as for example in the case of developmental induction). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002388 has potential to directly develop into http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002387 has potential to develop into x has potential to directly develop into y iff x directly develops into y or x is capable of directly developing into y http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002178 supplies http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002170 connected to Relation between an arterial structure and another structure, where the arterial structure acts as a conduit channeling fluid, substance or energy. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002372 has muscle origin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002567 biomechanically related to m has_muscle_origin s iff m is attached_to s, and it is the case that when m contracts, s does not move. The site of the origin tends to be more proximal and have greater mass than what the other end attaches to. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002374 derived from ancestral fusion of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002156 derived by descent from x has_fused_element y iff: there exists some z : x has_part z, z homologous_to y, and y is a distinct element, the boundary between x and z is largely fiat http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002380 branching part of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002375 in branching relationship with x is a branching part of y if and only if x is part of y and x is connected directly or indirectly to the main stem of y http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002476 child nucleus of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002258 developmentally preceded by c is a child nucleus of d if and only if c and d are both nuclei and parts of cells c' and d', where c' is derived from d' by mitosis and the genetic material in c is a copy of the generic material in d http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002477 child nucleus of in hermaphrodite http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002476 child nucleus of A child nucleus relationship in which the cells are part of a hermaphroditic organism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002478 child nucleus of in male http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002476 child nucleus of A child nucleus relationship in which the cells are part of a male organism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002568 has muscle antagonist http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002567 biomechanically related to m1 has_muscle_antagonist m2 iff m1 has_muscle_insertion s, m2 has_muscle_insection s, m1 acts in opposition to m2, and m2 is responsible for returning the structure to its initial position. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002569 has branching part http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002375 in branching relationship with inverse of branching part of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002571 lumen of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000050 part of x lumen_of y iff x is the space or substance that is part of y and does not cross any of the inner membranes or boundaries of y that is maximal with respect to the volume of the convex hull. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0004020 disease has basis in dysfunction of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0004019 disease has basis in A relation that holds between the disease and a material entity where the physical basis of the disease is a disorder of that material entity that affects its function. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0004021 disease has basis in disruption of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0004019 disease has basis in A relation that holds between the disease and a process where the physical basis of the disease disrupts execution of a key biological process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0004022 disease has basis in feature http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0004019 disease has basis in A relation that holds between the disease and a feature (a phenotype or other disease) where the physical basis of the disease is the feature. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0004024 disease causes disruption of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0004023 causal relationship with disease as subject A relationship between a disease and a process where the disease process disrupts the execution of the process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0004007 has primary input or output http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0000057 has participant p 'has primary input ot output' c iff either (a) p 'has primary input' c or (b) p 'has primary output' c. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0004008 has primary output http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0004007 has primary input or output p has primary output c if (a) p has output c and (b) the goal of process is to modify, produce, or transform c. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000063 precedes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002222 temporally related to x precedes y if and only if the time point at which x ends is before or equivalent to the time point at which y starts. Formally: x precedes y iff ω(x) <= α(y), where α is a function that maps a process to a start point, and ω is a function that maps a process to an end point. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002219 surrounded by http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002220 adjacent to x surrounded_by y if and only if (1) x is adjacent to y and for every region r that is adjacent to x, r overlaps y (2) the shared boundary between x and y occupies the majority of the outermost boundary of x http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002220 adjacent to http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002163 spatially disjoint from x adjacent to y if and only if x and y share a boundary. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002223 starts http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000050 part of inverse of starts with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002351 has member http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000051 has part has member is a mereological relation between a collection and an item. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002018 has component process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002180 has component w 'has process component' p if p and w are processes, w 'has part' p and w is such that it can be directly disassembled into into n parts p, p2, p3, ..., pn, where these parts are of similar type. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0009005 has primary substance added http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0009001 has substance added 'has primary substance added' indicates that an entity has had the given substance added to it in a proportion greater than any other added substance. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0007001 has disease driver http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0007000 has driver A relation between an entity and a disease of a host, in which the entity is not part of the host itself, and the condition results in pathological processes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0019000 regulates characteristic http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002410 causally related to A relationship that holds between a process and a characteristic in which process (P) regulates characteristic (C) iff: P results in the existence of C OR affects the intensity or magnitude of C. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0019001 positively regulates characteristic http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0019000 regulates characteristic A relationship that holds between a process and a characteristic in which process (P) positively regulates characteristic (C) iff: P results in an increase in the intensity or magnitude of C. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0019002 negatively regulates characteristic http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0019000 regulates characteristic A relationship that holds between a process and a characteristic in which process (P) negatively regulates characteristic (C) iff: P results in a decrease in the intensity or magnitude of C. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0019501 confers susceptibility to condition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0003304 contributes to condition Relates a gene to condition, such that a variation in this gene predisposes to the development of a condition. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0001020 is allergic trigger for http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0003302 causes or contributes to condition A relation between a material entity and a condition (a phenotype or disease) of a host, in which the material entity is not part of the host, and is considered harmless to non-allergic hosts, and the condition results in pathological processes that include an abnormally strong immune response against the material entity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0001021 is autoimmune trigger for http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0003302 causes or contributes to condition A relation between a material entity and a condition (a phenotype or disease) of a host, in which the material entity is part of the host itself, and the condition results in pathological processes that include an abnormally strong immune response against the material entity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002200 has phenotype http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0016001 has phenotype or disease A relationship that holds between a biological entity and a phenotype. Here a phenotype is construed broadly as any kind of quality of an organism part, a collection of these qualities, or a change in quality or qualities (e.g. abnormally increased temperature). The subject of this relationship can be an organism (where the organism has the phenotype, i.e. the qualities inhere in parts of this organism), a genomic entity such as a gene or genotype (if modifications of the gene or the genotype causes the phenotype), or a condition such as a disease (such that if the condition inheres in an organism, then the organism has the phenotype). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002202 develops from http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002254 has developmental contribution from x develops from y if and only if either (a) x directly develops from y or (b) there exists some z such that x directly develops from z and z develops from y http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002451 transmitted by http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002321 ecologically related to A relationship that holds between a disease and organism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0003304 contributes to condition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0003302 causes or contributes to condition A relationship between an entity (e.g. a genotype, genetic variation, chemical, or environmental exposure) and a condition (a phenotype or disease), where the entity has some contributing role that influences the condition. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002309 has exposure stimulus http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002244 related via exposure to A relationship between an exposure event or process and any agent, stimulus, activity, or event that causally effects an organism and interacts with an exposure receptor during an exposure event. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0016002 has disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0016001 has phenotype or disease A relationship that holds between an organism and a disease. Here a disease is construed broadly as a disposition to undergo pathological processes that exists in an organism because of one or more disorders in that organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002176 connects http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002323 mereotopologically related to c connects a if and only if there exist some b such that a and b are similar parts of the same system, and c connects b, specifically, c connects a with b. When one structure connects two others it unites some aspect of the function or role they play within the system. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002491 existence starts and ends during http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002492 existence ends during x exists during y if and only if: 1) the time point at which x begins to exist is after or equal to the time point at which y begins and 2) the time point at which x ceases to exist is before or equal to the point at which y ends. Formally: x existence starts and ends during y iff α(x) >= α(y) & α(x) <= ω(y) & ω(x) <= ω(y) & ω(x) >= α(y) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002333 enabled by http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002328 functionally related to inverse of enables http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002404 causally downstream of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002427 causally downstream of or within inverse of upstream of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002412 immediately causally upstream of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002411 causally upstream of p is immediately causally upstream of q iff p is causally upstream of q, and the end of p is coincident with the beginning of q. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002448 directly regulates activity of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0011002 regulates activity of The entity A, immediately upstream of the entity B, has an activity that regulates an activity performed by B. For example, A and B may be gene products and binding of B by A regulates the kinase activity of B. A and B can be physically interacting but not necessarily. Immediately upstream means there are no intermediate entity between A and B. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002566 causally influences http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002506 causal relation between entities The entity or characteristic A is causally upstream of the entity or characteristic B, A having an effect on B. An entity corresponds to any biological type of entity as long as a mass is measurable. A characteristic corresponds to a particular specificity of an entity (e.g., phenotype, shape, size). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0003302 causes or contributes to condition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002410 causally related to A relationship between an entity (e.g. a genotype, genetic variation, chemical, or environmental exposure) and a condition (a phenotype or disease), where the entity has some causal or contributing role that influences the condition. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0003303 causes condition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0003302 causes or contributes to condition A relationship between an entity (e.g. a genotype, genetic variation, chemical, or environmental exposure) and a condition (a phenotype or disease), where the entity has some causal role for the condition. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0003308 correlated with condition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002610 correlated with A relationship between an entity and a condition (phenotype or disease) with which it exhibits a statistical dependence relationship. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002490 existence overlaps http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002487 relation between physical entity and a process or stage x existence overlaps y if and only if either (a) the start of x is part of y or (b) the end of x is part of y. Formally: x existence starts and ends during y iff (α(x) >= α(y) & α(x) <= ω(y)) OR (ω(x) <= ω(y) & ω(x) >= α(y)) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002208 parasitoid of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002444 parasite of A parasite that kills or sterilizes its host http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002209 has parasitoid http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002445 parasitized by inverse of parasitoid of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002235 stem parasite of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002444 parasite of A parasite-of relationship in which the host is a plant and the parasite that attaches to the host stem (PO:0009047) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002236 root parasite of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002444 parasite of A parasite-of relationship in which the host is a plant and the parasite that attaches to the host root (PO:0009005) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002237 hemiparasite of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002444 parasite of A sub-relation of parasite-of in which the parasite is a plant, and the parasite is parasitic under natural conditions and is also photosynthetic to some degree. Hemiparasites may just obtain water and mineral nutrients from the host plant. Many obtain at least part of their organic nutrients from the host as well. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0001022 has allergic trigger http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0003302 causes or contributes to condition A relation between a condition (a phenotype or disease) of a host and a material entity, in which the material entity is not part of the host, and is considered harmless to non-allergic hosts, and the condition results in pathological processes that include an abnormally strong immune response against the material entity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0001023 has autoimmune trigger http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0003302 causes or contributes to condition A relation between a condition (a phenotype or disease) of a host and a material entity, in which the material entity is part of the host itself, and the condition results in pathological processes that include an abnormally strong immune response against the material entity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002012 occurrent part of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002418 causally upstream of or within A part of relation that applies only between occurrents. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002240 has exposure receptor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002244 related via exposure to A broad relationship between an exposure event or process and any entity (e.g., an organism, organism population, or an organism part) that interacts with an exposure stimulus during the exposure event. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002241 has exposure stressor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002309 has exposure stimulus A broad relationship between an exposure event or process and any agent, stimulus, activity, or event that causes stress or tension on an organism and interacts with an exposure receptor during an exposure event. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002242 has exposure route http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002244 related via exposure to A broad relationship between an exposure event or process and a process by which the exposure stressor comes into contact with the exposure receptor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002243 has exposure transport path http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002244 related via exposure to A broad relationship between an exposure event or process and the course takes from the source to the target. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002244 related via exposure to http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002410 causally related to Any relationship between an exposure event or process and any other entity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002245 over-expressed in http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002206 expressed in g is over-expressed in t iff g is expressed in t, and the expression level of g is increased relative to some background. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002246 under-expressed in http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002206 expressed in g is under-expressed in t iff g is expressed in t, and the expression level of g is decreased relative to some background. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002248 has active ingredient http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000051 has part A relationship that holds between a substance and a chemical entity, if the chemical entity is part of the substance, and the chemical entity forms the biologically active component of the substance. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002249 active ingredient in http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000050 part of inverse of has active ingredient http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002252 connecting branch of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002375 in branching relationship with b connecting-branch-of s iff b is connected to s, and there exists some tree-like structure t such that the mereological sum of b plus s is either the same as t or a branching-part-of t. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002253 has connecting branch http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002375 in branching relationship with inverse of connecting branch of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002260 has biological role http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0000087 has role c has-biological-role r iff c has-role r and r is a biological role (CHEBI:24432) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002261 has application role http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0000087 has role c has-application-role r iff c has-role r and r is an application role (CHEBI:33232) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002262 has chemical role http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0000087 has role c has-chemical-role r iff c has-role r and r is a chemical role (CHEBI:51086) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002263 acts upstream of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002264 acts upstream of or within c acts upstream of p if and only if c enables some f that is involved in p' and p' occurs chronologically before p, is not part of p, and affects the execution of p. c is a material entity and f, p, p' are processes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002302 is treated by substance http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002410 causally related to Inverse of 'is substance that treats' http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002304 causally upstream of, positive effect http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0004047 causally upstream of or within, positive effect p is causally upstream of, positive effect q iff p is casually upstream of q, and the execution of p is required for the execution of q. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002305 causally upstream of, negative effect http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0004046 causally upstream of or within, negative effect p is causally upstream of, negative effect q iff p is casually upstream of q, and the execution of p decreases the execution of q. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000002 in homoplasy relationship with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000000 in similarity relationship with Similarity that results from independent evolution. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000003 in homocracy relationship with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002320 evolutionarily related to Similarity that is characterized by the organization of anatomical structures through the expression of homologous or identical patterning genes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000004 in convergence relationship with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000002 in homoplasy relationship with Homoplasy that involves different underlying mechanisms or structures. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000005 in parallelism relationship with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000002 in homoplasy relationship with Homoplasy that involves homologous underlying mechanisms or structures. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000006 in structural homology relationship with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000001 in homology relationship with Homology that is defined by similarity with regard to selected structural parameters. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000007 in historical homology relationship with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000001 in homology relationship with Homology that is defined by common descent. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000008 in biological homology relationship with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000001 in homology relationship with Homology that is defined by sharing of a set of developmental constraints, caused by locally acting self-regulatory mechanisms of differentiation, between individualized parts of the phenotype. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000009 in reversal relationship with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000002 in homoplasy relationship with Homoplasy that involves phenotypes similar to those seen in ancestors within the lineage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000010 in syntenic homology relationship with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000006 in structural homology relationship with Structural homology that is detected by similarity in content and organization between chromosomes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000011 in paralogy relationship with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000007 in historical homology relationship with Historical homology that involves genes that diverged after a duplication event. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000012 in syntenic paralogy relationship with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000011 in paralogy relationship with Paralogy that involves sets of syntenic blocks. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000013 in syntenic orthology relationship with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000010 in syntenic homology relationship with Syntenic homology that involves chromosomes of different species. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000014 in partial homology relationship with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000006 in structural homology relationship with Structural homology that involves complex structures from which only a fraction of the elements that can be isolated are separately homologous. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000015 in protein structural homology relationship with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000006 in structural homology relationship with Structural homology that is detected at the level of the 3D protein structure, but maybe not at the level of the amino acid sequence. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000017 in orthology relationship with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000007 in historical homology relationship with Historical homology that involves genes that diverged after a speciation event. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000018 in xenology relationship with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000007 in historical homology relationship with Historical homology that is characterized by an interspecies (horizontal) transfer since the common ancestor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000019 in 1 to 1 homology relationship with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000007 in historical homology relationship with Historical homology that involves two members sharing no other homologs in the lineages considered. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000020 in 1 to 1 orthology relationship with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000019 in 1 to 1 homology relationship with Orthology that involves two genes that did not experience any duplication after the speciation event that created them. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000022 in ohnology relationship with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000011 in paralogy relationship with Paralogy that results from a whole genome duplication event. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000023 in in-paralogy relationship with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000011 in paralogy relationship with Paralogy that results from a lineage-specific duplication subsequent to a given speciation event. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000024 in out-paralogy relationship with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000011 in paralogy relationship with Paralogy that results from a duplication preceding a given speciation event. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000025 in pro-orthology relationship with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000034 in 1 to many orthology relationship with 1:many orthology that involves a gene in species A and one of its ortholog in species B, when duplications more recent than the species split have occurred in species B but not in species A. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000026 in semi-orthology relationship with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000034 in 1 to many orthology relationship with 1:many orthology that involves a gene in species A and its ortholog in species B, when duplications more recent than the species split have occurred in species A but not in species B. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000027 in serial homology relationship with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000066 in iterative homology relationship with Iterative homology that involves structures arranged along the main body axis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000028 in heterochronous homology relationship with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000008 in biological homology relationship with Biological homology that is characterized by changes, over evolutionary time, in the rate or timing of developmental events of homologous structures. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000029 in paedomorphorsis relationship with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000028 in heterochronous homology relationship with Heterochronous homology that is produced by a retention in adults of a species of traits previously seen only in juveniles. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000030 in peramorphosis relationship with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000028 in heterochronous homology relationship with Heterochronous homology that is produced by a maturation of individuals of a species past adulthood, which take on hitherto unseen traits. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000031 in progenesis relationship with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000029 in paedomorphorsis relationship with Paedomorphosis that is produced by precocious sexual maturation of an organism still in a morphologically juvenile stage. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000032 in neoteny relationship with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000029 in paedomorphorsis relationship with Paedomorphosis that is produced by a retardation of somatic development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000033 in mimicry relationship with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000004 in convergence relationship with Convergence that results from co-evolution usually involving an evolutionary arms race. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000034 in 1 to many orthology relationship with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000037 in 1 to many homology relationship with Orthology that involves two genes when duplications more recent than the species split have occurred in one species but not the other. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000036 in many to many homology relationship with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000007 in historical homology relationship with Historical homology that involves two members of a larger set of homologs. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000037 in 1 to many homology relationship with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000007 in historical homology relationship with Historical homology that involves a structure that has no other homologs in the species in which it is defined, and several homologous structures in another species. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000042 in apomorphy relationship with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000007 in historical homology relationship with Historical homology that is based on recent shared ancestry, characterizing a monophyletic group. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000043 in plesiomorphy relationship with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000007 in historical homology relationship with Historical homology that is based on distant shared ancestry. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000044 in deep homology relationship with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000005 in parallelism relationship with Homocracy that involves morphologically and phylogenetically disparate structures that are the result of parallel evolution. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000045 in hemiplasy relationship with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000007 in historical homology relationship with Historical homology that is characterized by topological discordance between a gene tree and a species tree attributable to the phylogenetic sorting of genetic polymorphisms across successive nodes in a species tree. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000046 in gametology relationship with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000047 in chromosomal homology relationship with Historical homology that involves not recombining and subsequently differentiated sex chromosomes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000047 in chromosomal homology relationship with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000007 in historical homology relationship with Historical homology that involves the chromosomes able to pair (synapse) during meiosis. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000048 in many to many orthology relationship with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000036 in many to many homology relationship with Orthology that involves two genes that experienced duplications more recent than the species split that created them. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000049 in within-species paralogy relationship with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000011 in paralogy relationship with Paralogy that involves genes from the same species. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000050 in between-species paralogy relationship with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000011 in paralogy relationship with Paralogy that involves genes from different species. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000051 in postdisplacement relationship with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000029 in paedomorphorsis relationship with Paedomorphosis that is produced by delayed growth of immature structures into the adult form. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000052 in hypermorphosis relationship with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000030 in peramorphosis relationship with Peramorphosis that is produced by a delay in the offset of development. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000053 in synology relationship with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000018 in xenology relationship with Xenology that results, not from the transfer of a gene between two species, but from a hybridization of two species. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000054 in isoorthology relationship with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000062 in equivalogy relationship with Orthology that involves functional equivalent genes with retention of the ancestral function. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000055 in tandem paralogy relationship with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000011 in paralogy relationship with Paralogy that is characterized by duplication of adjacent sequences on a chromosome segment. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000057 in latent homology relationship with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000058 in syngeny relationship with Parallelism that involves morphologically very similar structures, occurring only within some members of a taxon and absent in the common ancestor (which possessed the developmental basis to develop this character). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000058 in syngeny relationship with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000003 in homocracy relationship with Homocracy that involves recognizably corresponding characters that occurs in two or more taxa, or as a repeated unit within an individual. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000060 in apparent orthology relationship with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000050 in between-species paralogy relationship with Between-species paralogy that involves single copy paralogs resulting from reciprocal gene loss. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000061 in pseudoparalogy relationship with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000018 in xenology relationship with Xenology that involves genes that ended up in a given genome as a result of a combination of vertical inheritance and horizontal gene transfer. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000062 in equivalogy relationship with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000065 in functional equivalence relationship with Historical homology that involves functional equivalent genes with retention of the ancestral function. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000063 in interology relationship with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000007 in historical homology relationship with Historical homology that involves orthologous pairs of interacting molecules in different organisms. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000065 in functional equivalence relationship with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000000 in similarity relationship with Similarity that is characterized by interchangeability in function. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000066 in iterative homology relationship with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000008 in biological homology relationship with Biological homology that involves parts of the same organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000068 in paraxenology relationship with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000018 in xenology relationship with Xenology that is characterized by multiple horizontal transfer events, resulting in the presence of two or more copies of the foreign gene in the host genome. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000069 in plerology relationship with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000011 in paralogy relationship with Paralogy that is characterized by extra similarity between paralogous sequences resulting from concerted evolution. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000071 in homotopy relationship with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000006 in structural homology relationship with Structural homology that involves structures with the same or similar relative positions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000072 in homeosis relationship with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000008 in biological homology relationship with Biological homology that involves an ectopic structure and the normally positioned structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000073 in homoeology relationship with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000053 in synology relationship with Synology that results from allopolyploidy. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000074 in paramorphism relationship with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000066 in iterative homology relationship with Iterative homology that involves two structures, one of which originated as a duplicate of the other and co-opted the expression of patterning genes of the ancestral structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000075 in regulogy relationship with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000007 in historical homology relationship with Historical homology that involves orthologous pairs of transcription factors and downstream regulated genes in different organisms. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002131 overlaps http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002323 mereotopologically related to x overlaps y if and only if there exists some z such that x has part z and z part of y http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002254 has developmental contribution from http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002258 developmentally preceded by x has developmental contribution from y iff x has some part z such that z develops from y http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002496 existence starts during or after http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002487 relation between physical entity and a process or stage x existence starts during or after y if and only if the time point at which x starts is after or equivalent to the time point at which y starts. Formally: x existence starts during or after y iff α (x) >= α (y). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002497 existence ends during or before http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002487 relation between physical entity and a process or stage x existence ends during or before y if and only if the time point at which x ends is before or equivalent to the time point at which y ends. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0000091 has disposition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0000053 has characteristic a relation between an independent continuant (the bearer) and a disposition, in which the disposition specifically depends on the bearer for its existence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0000092 disposition of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0000052 characteristic of inverse of has disposition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0011002 regulates activity of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002566 causally influences The entity A has an activity that regulates an activity of the entity B. For example, A and B are gene products where the catalytic activity of A regulates the kinase activity of B. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0011003 regulates quantity of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002566 causally influences The entity A has an activity that regulates the quantity or abundance or concentration of the entity B. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0011004 indirectly regulates activity of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0011002 regulates activity of The entity A is not immediately upstream of the entity B but A has an activity that regulates an activity performed by B. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0011007 decreases by repression quantity of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0011023 indirectly negatively regulates quantity of The entity A has an activity that down-regulates by repression the quantity of B. The down-regulation is due to A having an effect on an intermediate entity (typically a DNA or mRNA element) which can produce B. For example, protein A (transcription factor) indirectly decreases by repression the quantity of protein B (gene product) if and only if A negatively regulates the process of transcription or translation of a nucleic acid element that produces B. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0011008 increases by expression quantity of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0011024 indirectly positively regulates quantity of The entity A has an activity that up-regulates by expression the quantity of B. The up-regulation is due to A having an effect on an intermediate entity (typically a DNA or mRNA element) which can produce B. For example, protein A (transcription factor) indirectly increases by expression the quantity of protein B (gene product) if and only if A positively regulates the process of transcription or translation of a nucleic acid element that produces B. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0011009 directly positively regulates quantity of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0011021 directly regulates quantity of The entity A has an activity that directly positively regulates the quantity of B. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0011010 directly negatively regulates quantity of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0011021 directly regulates quantity of The entity A has an activity that directly negatively regulates the quantity of B. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0011014 destabilizes quantity of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0011010 directly negatively regulates quantity of An entity A directly interacts with B and A has an activity that decreases the amount of an entity B by degradating it. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0011015 stabilizes quantity of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0011009 directly positively regulates quantity of An entity A physically interacts with B and A has an activity that increases the amount of an entity B by stabilizing it. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0011021 directly regulates quantity of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0011003 regulates quantity of The entity A, immediately upstream of B, has an activity that directly regulates the quantity of B. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0011022 indirectly regulates quantity of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0011003 regulates quantity of The entity A is not immediately upstream of the entity B, but A has an activity that regulates the quantity or abundance or concentration of B. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0011023 indirectly negatively regulates quantity of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0011022 indirectly regulates quantity of The entity A does not physically interact with the entity B, and A has an activity that down-regulates the quantity or abundance or concentration of B. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0011024 indirectly positively regulates quantity of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0011022 indirectly regulates quantity of The entity A does not physically interact with the entity B, and A has an activity that up-regulates the quantity or abundance or concentration of B. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0012000 has small molecule regulator http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0000057 has participant a relation between a process and a continuant, in which the process is regulated by the small molecule continuant http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0012001 has small molecule activator http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0012000 has small molecule regulator a relation between a process and a continuant, in which the process is activated by the small molecule continuant http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0012002 has small molecule inhibitor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0012000 has small molecule regulator a relation between a process and a continuant, in which the process is inhibited by the small molecule continuant http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0012003 acts on population of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0000057 has participant p acts on population of c iff c' is a collection, has members of type c, and p has participant c http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0012004 is small molecule regulator of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002596 capable of regulating a relation between a continuant and a process, in which the continuant is a small molecule that regulates the process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0012005 is small molecule activator of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002598 capable of positively regulating a relation between a continuant and a process, in which the continuant is a small molecule that activates the process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0012006 is small molecule inhibitor of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002597 capable of negatively regulating a relation between a continuant and a process, in which the continuant is a small molecule that inhibits the process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0013001 has synaptic IO in region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002130 has synaptic terminal in A relationship between a neuron and a region, where the neuron has a functionally relevant number of input and/or output synapses in that region. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0013002 receives synaptic input in region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002110 has postsynaptic terminal in A relationship between a neuron and a region, where the neuron has a functionally relevant number of input synapses in that region. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0013003 sends synaptic output to region http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002113 has presynaptic terminal in A relationship between a neuron and a region, where the neuron has a functionally relevant number of output synapses in that region. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0013004 has synaptic IO throughout http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0013001 has synaptic IO in region A relationship between a neuron and a region, where the neuron has a functionally relevant number of input and/or output synapses distributed throughout that region (rather than confined to a subregion). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0013005 receives synaptic input throughout http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0013004 has synaptic IO throughout A relationship between a neuron and a region, where the neuron has a functionally relevant number of input synapses distributed throughout that region (rather than confined to a subregion). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0013006 sends synaptic output throughout http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0013004 has synaptic IO throughout A relationship between a neuron and a region, where the neuron has a functionally relevant number output synapses distributed throughout that region (rather than confined to a subregion). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002411 causally upstream of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002418 causally upstream of or within p is causally upstream of q iff p is causally related to q, the end of p precedes the end of q, and p is not an occurrent part of q. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0008509 has roost http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002303 has habitat x 'has roost' y if and only if: x is an organism, y is a habitat, and y can support rest behaviors x. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0018031 is direct conjugate base of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0018033 is deprotonated form of A is a direct conjugate base of B if and only if A is chemical entity that is a Brønsted–Lowry Base (i.e., can receive a proton) and by receiving a particular proton transforms it into B. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0018032 is direct conjugate acid of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0018034 is protonated form of A is a direct conjugate acid of B if and only if A is chemical entity that is a Brønsted–Lowry Acid (i.e., can give up a proton) and by removing a particular proton transforms it into B. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0018033 is deprotonated form of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0018030 chemical relationship A is a deprotonated form of B if and only if A is chemical entity that is a Brønsted–Lowry Base (i.e., can receive a proton) and by adding some nonzero number of protons transforms it into B. This is a transitive relationship and follows this design pattern: https://oborel.github.io/obo-relations/direct-and-indirect-relations. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0018034 is protonated form of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0018030 chemical relationship A is a protonated form of B if and only if A is chemical entity that is a Brønsted–Lowry Acid (i.e., can give up a proton) and by removing some nonzero number of protons transforms it into B. This is a transitive relationship and follows this design pattern: https://oborel.github.io/obo-relations/direct-and-indirect-relations. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0018035 is matched small molecular pair with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0018030 chemical relationship A and B are a matched small molecular pair (MMP) if their chemical structures define by a single, relatively small, well-defined structural modification. While this is normally called "matched molecular pair" in the cheminformatics literaturel, it is labeled as "matched small molecular pair" so as to reduce confusion with peptides and other macromolecules, which are also referenced as "molecules" in some contexts. This relationship is symmetric, meaning if A is a MMP with B iff B is a MMP with A. This relationship is not transitive, meaning that A is a MMP with B and B is a MMP with C, then A is not necessarily an MMP with C. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0018036 is tautomer of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0018030 chemical relationship Two chemicals are tautomers if they can be readily interconverted. This commonly refers to prototropy in which a hydrogen's position is changed, such as between ketones and enols. This is also often observed in heterocyclic rings, e.g., ones containing nitrogens and/or have aryl functional groups containing heteroatoms. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0018037 is substitutent group from http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0018030 chemical relationship Group A is a substituent group from Chemical B if A represents the functional part of A and includes information about where it is connected. A is not itself a chemical with a fully formed chemical graph, but is rather a partial graph with one or more connection points that can be used to attach to another chemical graph, typically as a functionalization. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0018038 has functional parent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0018030 chemical relationship Chemical A has functional parent Chemical B if there is chemical transformation through which chemical B can be produced from chemical A. For example, the relationship between a salt and a freebased compound is a "has functional parent" relationship. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0018039 is enantiomer of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0018030 chemical relationship Chemicals A and B are enantiomers if they share the same molecular graph except the change of the configuration of substituents around exactly one chiral center. A chemical with no chiral centers can not have an enantiomer. A chemical with multiple chiral centers can have multiple enantiomers, but its enantiomers are not themselves enantiomers (they are diastereomers). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0018040 has parent hydride http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0018030 chemical relationship Chemical A has parent hydride Chemical B if there exists a molecular graphical transformation where functional groups on A are replaced with hydrogens in order to yield B. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002211 regulates http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002411 causally upstream of p regulates q iff p is causally upstream of q, the execution of p is not constant and varies according to specific conditions, and p influences the rate or magnitude of execution of q due to an effect either on some enabler of q or some enabler of a part of q. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002212 negatively regulates http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002211 regulates p negatively regulates q iff p regulates q, and p decreases the rate or magnitude of execution of q. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002213 positively regulates http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002211 regulates p positively regulates q iff p regulates q, and p increases the rate or magnitude of execution of q. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002180 has component http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000051 has part w 'has component' p if w 'has part' p and w is such that it can be directly disassembled into into n parts p, p2, p3, ..., pn, where these parts are of similar type. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002163 spatially disjoint from http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002323 mereotopologically related to A is spatially_disjoint_from B if and only if they have no parts in common http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002352 input of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002328 functionally related to inverse of has input http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002353 output of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002328 functionally related to inverse of has output http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002473 composed primarily of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000051 has part x composed_primarily_of y if and only if more than half of the mass of x is made from y or units of the same type as y. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002104 has plasma membrane part http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000051 has part Holds between a cell c and a protein complex or protein p if and only if that cell has as part a plasma_membrane[GO:0005886], and that plasma membrane has p as part. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002203 develops into http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002387 has potential to develop into inverse of develops from http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002387 has potential to develop into http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002384 has developmental potential involving x has the potential to develop into y iff x develops into y or if x is capable of developing into y http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002020 transports http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002313 transports or maintains localization of Holds between p and c when p is a transport process or transporter activity and the outcome of this p is to move c from one location to another. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002021 occurs across http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002479 has part that occurs in A relationship between a process and a barrier, where the process occurs in a region spanning the barrier. For cellular processes the barrier is typically a membrane. Examples include transport across a membrane and membrane depolarization. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002023 directly negatively regulated by http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002022 directly regulated by Process(P2) is directly negatively regulated by process(P1) iff: P1 negatively regulates P2 via direct physical interaction between an agent executing P1 (or some part of P1) and an agent executing P2 (or some part of P2). For example, if protein A has protein binding activity(P1) that targets protein B and this binding negatively regulates the kinase activity (P2) of protein B then P2 directly negatively regulated by P1. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002024 directly positively regulated by http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002022 directly regulated by Process(P2) is directly postively regulated by process(P1) iff: P1 positively regulates P2 via direct physical interaction between an agent executing P1 (or some part of P1) and an agent executing P2 (or some part of P2). For example, if protein A has protein binding activity(P1) that targets protein B and this binding positively regulates the kinase activity (P2) of protein B then P2 is directly postively regulated by P1. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0015007 increased in magnitude relative to http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0015006 different in magnitude relative to q1 increased_in_magnitude_relative_to q2 if and only if magnitude(q1) > magnitude(q2). Here, magnitude(q) is a function that maps a quality to a unit-invariant scale. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0020202 has numerator http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000051 has part A relationship between a ratio or proportion and its dividend. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0020203 has denominator http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000051 has part A relationship between a ratio or proportion and its divisor. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002801 co-roosts with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0008506 ecologically co-occurs with Two or more individuals sharing the same roost site (cave, mine, tree or tree hollow, animal burrow, leaf tent, rock crack, space in man-made structure, etc.). Individuals that are sharing a communal roost may be said to be co-roosting. The roost may be either a day roost where the individuals rest during daytime hours, or a night roost where individuals roost to feed, groom, or rest in between flights and/or foraging bouts. Communal roosting as thus defined is an umbrella term within which different specialized types -- which are not mutually exclusive -- may be recognized based on taxonomy and the temporal and spatial relationships of the individuals that are co-roosting. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0013009 sends synaptic output to cell http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002120 synapsed to A relationship between a neuron and a cell that it has a functionally relevant number of chemical synapses to. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0015008 decreased in magnitude relative to http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0015006 different in magnitude relative to q1 decreased_in_magnitude_relative_to q2 if and only if magnitude(q1) < magnitude(q2). Here, magnitude(q) is a function that maps a quality to a unit-invariant scale. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0012011 indirectly causally upstream of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002411 causally upstream of p is indirectly causally upstream of q iff p is causally upstream of q and there exists some process r such that p is causally upstream of r and r is causally upstream of q. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0012012 indirectly regulates http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0012011 indirectly causally upstream of p indirectly regulates q iff p is indirectly causally upstream of q and p regulates q. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002007 bounding layer of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000050 part of X outer_layer_of Y iff: . X :continuant that bearer_of some PATO:laminar . X part_of Y . exists Z :surface . X has_boundary Z . Z boundary_of Y has_boundary: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002002 boundary_of: http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002000 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002008 coincident with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002323 mereotopologically related to A relation that holds between two linear structures that are approximately parallel to each other for their entire length and where either the two structures are adjacent to each other or one is part of the other. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002170 connected to http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002323 mereotopologically related to a is connected to b if and only if a and b are discrete structure, and there exists some connecting structure c, such that c connects a and b http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002177 attached to part of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002567 biomechanically related to a is attached to part of b if a is attached to b, or a is attached to some p, where p is part of b. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002179 drains http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002170 connected to Relation between an collecting structure and another structure, where the collecting structure acts as a conduit channeling fluid, substance or energy away from the other structure. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002264 acts upstream of or within http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002500 causal agent in process c acts upstream of or within p if c is enables f, and f is causally upstream of or within p. c is a material entity and p is an process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002375 in branching relationship with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002323 mereotopologically related to A relationship that holds between two material entities in a system of connected structures, where the branching relationship holds based on properties of the connecting network. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002438 trophically interacts with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002574 participates in a biotic-biotic interaction with An interaction relationship in which the partners are related via a feeding relationship. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002457 acquires nutrients from http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002438 trophically interacts with Inverse of provides nutrients for http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002469 provides nutrients for http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002438 trophically interacts with A biotic interaction where a material entity provides nutrition for an organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002503 towards http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002502 depends on q towards e2 if and only if q is a relational quality such that q inheres-in some e, and e != e2 and q is dependent on e2 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002567 biomechanically related to http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002328 functionally related to A relation that holds between elements of a musculoskeletal system or its analogs. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002003 electrically_synapsed_to http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002170 connected to A relation that holds between two neurons that are electrically coupled via gap junctions. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002004 tracheates http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0001025 located in The relationship that holds between a trachea or tracheole and an antomical structure that is contained in (and so provides an oxygen supply to). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002105 synapsed_via_type_Ib_bouton_to http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002120 synapsed to A relation between a motor neuron and a muscle that it synapses to via a type Ib bouton. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002106 synapsed_via_type_Is_bouton_to http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002120 synapsed to A relation between a motor neuron and a muscle that it synapses to via a type Is bouton. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002107 synapsed_via_type_II_bouton_to http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002120 synapsed to A relation between a motor neuron and a muscle that it synapses to via a type II bouton. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002108 synapsed_by_via_type_II_bouton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002103 synapsed by Relation between a muscle and a motor neuron that synapses to it via a type II bouton. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002109 synapsed_by_via_type_Ib_bouton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002103 synapsed by Relation between a muscle and a motor neuron that synapses to it via a type Ib bouton. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002112 synapsed_by_via_type_Is_bouton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002103 synapsed by Relation between a muscle and a motor neuron that synapses to it via a type Is bouton. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002114 synapsed_via_type_III_bouton_to http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002120 synapsed to A relation between a motor neuron and a muscle that it synapses to via a type III bouton. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002115 synapsed_by_via_type_III_bouton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002103 synapsed by Relation between a muscle and a motor neuron that synapses to it via a type III bouton. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002373 has muscle insertion http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002567 biomechanically related to m has_muscle_insertion s iff m is attaches_to s, and it is the case that when m contracts, s moves. Insertions are usually connections of muscle via tendon to bone. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002433 contributes to morphology of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002131 overlaps p contributes to morphology of w if and only if a change in the morphology of p entails a change in the morphology of w. Examples: every skull contributes to morphology of the head which it is a part of. Counter-example: nuclei do not generally contribute to the morphology of the cell they are part of, as they are buffered by cytoplasm. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002488 existence starts during http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002496 existence starts during or after x existence starts during y if and only if the time point at which x starts is after or equivalent to the time point at which y starts and before or equivalent to the time point at which y ends. Formally: x existence starts during y iff α(x) >= α(y) & α(x) <= ω(y). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002489 existence starts with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002488 existence starts during x starts ends with y if and only if the time point at which x starts is equivalent to the time point at which y starts. Formally: x existence starts with y iff α(x) = α(y). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002492 existence ends during http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002497 existence ends during or before x existence ends during y if and only if the time point at which x ends is before or equivalent to the time point at which y ends and after or equivalent to the point at which y starts. Formally: x existence ends during y iff ω(x) <= ω(y) and ω(x) >= α(y). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002493 existence ends with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002492 existence ends during x existence ends with y if and only if the time point at which x ends is equivalent to the time point at which y ends. Formally: x existence ends with y iff ω(x) = ω(y). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002494 transformation of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002202 develops from x transformation of y if x is the immediate transformation of y, or is linked to y through a chain of transformation relationships http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002495 immediate transformation of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002207 directly develops from x immediate transformation of y iff x immediately succeeds y temporally at a time boundary t, and all of the matter present in x at t is present in y at t, and all the matter in y at t is present in x at t http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002507 determined by http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002559 causally influenced by s determined by f if and only if s is a type of system, and f is a material entity that is part of s, such that f exerts a strong causal influence on the functioning of s, and the removal of f would cause the collapse of s. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002572 luminal space of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002571 lumen of s is luminal space of x iff s is lumen_of x and s is an immaterial entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002576 skeleton of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000050 part of inverse of has skeleton http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0008501 epiphyte of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002440 symbiotically interacts with An interaction relationship wherein a plant or algae is living on the outside surface of another plant. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0008502 has epiphyte http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002440 symbiotically interacts with inverse of epiphyte of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0008503 kleptoparasite of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002444 parasite of A sub-relation of parasite of in which a parasite steals resources from another organism, usually food or nest material http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0008504 kleptoparasitized by http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002445 parasitized by inverse of kleptoparasite of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0008505 creates habitat for http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002321 ecologically related to An interaction relationship wherein one organism creates a structure or environment that is lived in by another organism. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0008506 ecologically co-occurs with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002321 ecologically related to An interaction relationship describing organisms that often occur together at the same time and space or in the same environment. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0008507 lays eggs on http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002618 visits An interaction relationship in which organism a lays eggs on the outside surface of organism b. Organism b is neither helped nor harmed in the process of egg laying or incubation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0008508 has eggs laid on by http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002619 visited by inverse of lays eggs on http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002019 has ligand http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002233 has input A relationship that holds between between a receptor and an chemical entity, typically a small molecule or peptide, that carries information between cells or compartments of a cell and which binds the receptor and regulates its effector function. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0003309 exacerbates condition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0003305 contributes to severity of condition A relationship between an entity (e.g. a chemical, environmental exposure, or some form of genetic variation) and a condition (a phenotype or disease), where the presence of the entity worsens some or all aspects of the condition. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0003310 condition ameliorated by http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002410 causally related to A relationship between a condition (a phenotype or disease) and an entity (e.g. a chemical, environmental exposure, or some form of genetic variation) where some or all aspects of the condition are reduced or eliminated by the presence of the entity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0003311 condition exacerbated by http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002410 causally related to A relationship between a condition (a phenotype or disease) and an entity (e.g. a chemical, environmental exposure, or some form of genetic variation) where some or all aspects of the condition are worsened by the presence of the entity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002026 in register with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002323 mereotopologically related to A relationship that holds between two images, A and B, where: A depicts X; B depicts Y; X and Y are both of type T' C is a 2 layer image consiting of layers A and B; A and B are aligned in C according to a shared co-ordinate framework so that common features of X and Y are co-incident with each other. Note: A and B may be 2D or 3D. Examples include: the relationship between two channels collected simultaneously from a confocal microscope; the relationship between an image dpeicting X and a painted annotation layer that delineates regions of X; the relationship between the tracing of a neuron on an EM stack and the co-ordinate space of the stack; the relationship between two separately collected images that have been brought into register via some image registration software. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0004011 is causal gain of function germline mutation of in http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0004010 is genetic basis for condition Relates a gene to condition, such that a mutation in this gene in a germ cell provides a new function of the corresponding product and that is sufficient to produce the condition and that can be passed on to offspring[modified from orphanet]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0004012 is causal loss of function germline mutation of in http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0004010 is genetic basis for condition Relates a gene to condition, such that a mutation in this gene in a germ cell impairs the function of the corresponding product and that is sufficient to produce the condition and that can be passed on to offspring[modified from orphanet]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0004013 is causal germline mutation in http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0004010 is genetic basis for condition Relates a gene to condition, such that a mutation in this gene is sufficient to produce the condition and that can be passed on to offspring[modified from orphanet]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0004014 is causal somatic mutation in http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0004010 is genetic basis for condition Relates a gene to condition, such that a mutation in this gene is sufficient to produce the condition but that cannot be passed on to offspring[modified from orphanet]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0004015 is causal susceptibility factor for http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0004010 is genetic basis for condition Relates a gene to condition, such that a mutation in this gene predisposes to the development of a condition and that is necessary but not sufficient to develop the condition[modified from orphanet]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0004016 is causal germline mutation partially giving rise to http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0004010 is genetic basis for condition Relates a gene to condition, such that a mutation in this gene partially contributes to the presentation of this condition[modified from orphanet]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0004031 enables subfunction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002328 functionally related to Holds between an entity and an process P where the entity enables some larger compound process, and that larger process has-part P. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0004034 acts upstream of, positive effect http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0004032 acts upstream of or within, positive effect c 'acts upstream of, positive effect' p if c is enables f, and f is causally upstream of p, and the direction of f is positive http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0004035 acts upstream of, negative effect http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0004033 acts upstream of or within, negative effect c 'acts upstream of, negative effect' p if c is enables f, and f is causally upstream of p, and the direction of f is negative http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0018027 is agonist of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002450 directly positively regulates activity of a relation between a ligand (material entity) and a receptor (material entity) that implies the binding of the ligand to the receptor activates some activity of the receptor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0018028 is inverse agonist of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002449 directly negatively regulates activity of a relation between a ligand (material entity) and a receptor (material entity) that implies the binding of the ligand to the receptor inhibits some activity of the receptor to below basal level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0018029 is antagonist of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002449 directly negatively regulates activity of a relation between a ligand (material entity) and a receptor (material entity) that implies the binding of the ligand to the receptor reduces some activity of the receptor to basal level http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002802 reservoir host of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002453 host of A relation between a host organism and a hosted organism in which the hosted organism naturally occurs in an indefinitely maintained reservoir provided by the host. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002803 has reservoir host http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002454 has host inverse of reservoir host of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0012013 positively regulates in another organism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002010 regulates in another organism x 'positively regulates in other organism' y if and only if: (x is the realization of a function to increase the frequency, rate or extent of y) AND (the agents of x are produced by organism o1 and the agents of y are produced by organism o2). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0012014 negatively regulates in another organism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002010 regulates in another organism x 'negatively regulates in other organism' y if and only if: (x is the realization of a function to reduce the frequency, rate or extent of y) AND (the agents of x are produced by organism o1 and the agents of y are produced by organism o2). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0020101 vessel supplies blood to http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002178 supplies x vessel supplies blood to y if and only if x is a vessel that supplies blood directly or indirectly to an anatomical structure y. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0020102 vessel drains blood from http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002179 drains x vessel drains blood from y if and only if x is a vessel that drains blood directly or indirectly from an anatomical structure y. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0020103 directly supplies and drains http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002179 drains x directly supplies and drains y if and only if x is a capillary, y is an anatomical entity, and x directly supplies and drains y. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002103 synapsed by http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002485 receives input from Relation between an anatomical structure (including cells) and a neuron that chemically synapses to it. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002120 synapsed to http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002486 sends output to Relation between a neuron and an anatomical structure (including cells) that it chemically synapses to. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002255 developmentally contributes to http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002385 has potential to developmentally contribute to inverse of has developmental contribution from http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002334 regulated by http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002427 causally downstream of or within inverse of regulates http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002335 negatively regulated by http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002334 regulated by inverse of negatively regulates http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002336 positively regulated by http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002334 regulated by inverse of positively regulates http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002379 spatially coextensive with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002131 overlaps x spatially_coextensive_with y if and inly if x and y have the same location http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002385 has potential to developmentally contribute to http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002384 has developmental potential involving x has potential to developmentrally contribute to y iff x developmentally contributes to y or x is capable of developmentally contributing to y http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002427 causally downstream of or within http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002501 causal relation between processes inverse of causally upstream of or within http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002500 causal agent in process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002595 causal relation between material entity and a process A relationship between a material entity and a process where the material entity has some causal role that influences the process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002501 causal relation between processes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002410 causally related to p is causally related to q if and only if p or any part of p and q or any part of q are linked by a chain of events where each event pair is one where the execution of p influences the execution of q. p may be upstream, downstream, part of, or a container of q. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002584 has part structure that is capable of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002595 causal relation between material entity and a process s 'has part structure that is capable of' p if and only if there exists some part x such that s 'has part' x and x 'capable of' p http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002595 causal relation between material entity and a process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002410 causally related to A relationship that holds between a material entity and a process in which causality is involved, with either the material entity or some part of the material entity exerting some influence over the process, or the process influencing some aspect of the material entity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002596 capable of regulating http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002500 causal agent in process Holds between c and p if and only if c is capable of some activity a, and a regulates p. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002597 capable of negatively regulating http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002596 capable of regulating Holds between c and p if and only if c is capable of some activity a, and a negatively regulates p. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002598 capable of positively regulating http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002596 capable of regulating Holds between c and p if and only if c is capable of some activity a, and a positively regulates p. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002608 process has causal agent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002410 causally related to Inverse of 'causal agent in process' http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002015 has positive regulatory component activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002013 has regulatory component activity A relationship that holds between a GO molecular function and a component of that molecular function that positively regulates the activity of the whole. More formally, A 'has regulatory component activity' B iff :A and B are GO molecular functions (GO_0003674), A has_component B and A is positively regulated by B. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002013 has regulatory component activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002017 has component activity A 'has regulatory component activity' B if A and B are GO molecular functions (GO_0003674), A has_component B and A is regulated by B. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002014 has negative regulatory component activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002013 has regulatory component activity A relationship that holds between a GO molecular function and a component of that molecular function that negatively regulates the activity of the whole. More formally, A 'has regulatory component activity' B iff :A and B are GO molecular functions (GO_0003674), A has_component B and A is negatively regulated by B. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0013008 receives synaptic input from neuron http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002103 synapsed by A relationship between an anatomical structure (including cells) and a neuron that has a functionally relevant number of chemical synapses to it. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002082 simultaneous with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002081 before or simultaneous with x simultaneous with y iff ω(x) = ω(y) and ω(α ) = ω(α), where α is a function that maps a process to a start point, and ω is a function that maps a process to an end point and '=' indicates the same instance in time. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002102 axon synapses in http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002113 has presynaptic terminal in Relation between a neuron and some structure its axon forms (chemical) synapses in. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002121 dendrite synapsed in http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002110 has postsynaptic terminal in Relation between a neuron and some structure (e.g.- a brain region) in which its dendrite receives synaptic input. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002157 has derived by descendant http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002320 evolutionarily related to inverse of derived by descent from http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002158 shares ancestor with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002320 evolutionarily related to two individual entities d1 and d2 stand in a shares_ancestor_with relation if and only if there exists some a such that d1 derived_by_descent_from a and d2 derived_by_descent_from a. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002204 gene product of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002330 genomically related to definition "x has gene product of y if and only if y is a gene (SO:0000704) that participates in some gene expression process (GO:0010467) where the output of that process is either y or something that is ribosomally translated from x" http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002205 has gene product http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002330 genomically related to x has gene product y if and only if x is a gene (SO:0000704) that participates in some gene expression process (GO:0010467) where the output of that process is either y or something that is ribosomally translated from y http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002206 expressed in http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002330 genomically related to x expressed in y if and only if there is a gene expression process (GO:0010467) that occurs in y, and one of the following holds: (i) x is a gene, and x is transcribed into a transcript as part of the gene expression process (ii) x is a transcript, and the transcription of x is part of the gene expression process (iii) x is a mature gene product such as a protein, and x was translated or otherwise processes from a transcript that was transcribed as part of this gene expression process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002207 directly develops from http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002202 develops from Candidate definition: x directly_develops from y if and only if there exists some developmental process (GO:0032502) p such that x and y both participate in p, and x is the output of p and y is the input of p, and a substantial portion of the matter of x comes from y, and the start of x is coincident with or after the end of y. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002221 surrounds http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002220 adjacent to inverse of surrounded by http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002225 develops from part of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002202 develops from x develops from part of y if and only if there exists some z such that x develops from z and z is part of y http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002226 develops in http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002258 developmentally preceded by x develops_in y if x is located in y whilst x is developing http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002229 ends http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000050 part of inverse of ends with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002257 developmentally induces http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002386 has potential to developmentally induce Inverse of developmentally induced by http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002291 ubiquitously expressed in http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002206 expressed in x is ubiquitously expressed in y if and only if x is expressed in y, and the majority of cells in y express x http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002292 expresses http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002330 genomically related to y expresses x if and only if there is a gene expression process (GO:0010467) that occurs in y, and one of the following holds: (i) x is a gene, and x is transcribed into a transcript as part of the gene expression process (ii) x is a transcript, and x was transcribed from a gene as part of the gene expression process (iii) x is a mature gene product (protein or RNA), and x was translated or otherwise processed from a transcript that was transcribed as part of the gene expression process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002293 ubiquitously expresses http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002292 expresses inverse of ubiquiotously expressed in http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002295 results in developmental progression of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002324 developmentally related to p results in the developmental progression of s iff p is a developmental process and s is an anatomical entity and p causes s to undergo a change in state at some point along its natural developmental cycle (this cycle starts with its formation, through the mature structure, and ends with its loss). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002296 results in development of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002295 results in developmental progression of p 'results in development of' c if and only if p is a developmental process and p results in the state of c changing from its initial state as a primordium or anlage through its mature state and to its final state. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002298 results in morphogenesis of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002295 results in developmental progression of The relationship that links an entity with the process that results in the formation and shaping of that entity over time from an immature to a mature state. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002299 results in maturation of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002295 results in developmental progression of The relationship that links an entity with a process that results in the progression of the entity over time that is independent of changes in it's shape and results in an end point state of that entity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0009501 realized in response to http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002410 causally related to r 'realized in response to' s iff, r is a realizable (e.g. a plant trait such as responsivity to drought), s is an environmental stimulus (a process), and s directly causes the realization of r. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0004026 disease has location http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0040035 disease relationship A relationship between a disease and an anatomical entity where the disease has one or more features that are located in that entity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0015003 subcluster of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000050 part of A relation between a group and another group it is part of but does not fully constitute. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0015015 has high plasma membrane amount http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002104 has plasma membrane part A relation between a cell and molecule or complex such that every instance of the cell has a high number of instances of that molecule expressed on the cell surface. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0015016 has low plasma membrane amount http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002104 has plasma membrane part A relation between a cell and molecule or complex such that every instance of the cell has a low number of instances of that molecule expressed on the cell surface. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0016004 has exposure medium http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002244 related via exposure to X has exposure medium Y if X is an exposure event (process), Y is a material entity, and the stimulus for X is transmitted or carried in Y. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0018001 is myristoyltransferase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002564 molecular interaction relation helper property Helper relation for OWL definition of RO:0018002 myristoylates http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0018002 myristoylates http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002436 molecularly interacts with A molecularly-interacts-with relationship between two entities, where the subject catalyzes a myristoylation activity that takes the object as input http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0012009 constitutively upstream of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002304 causally upstream of, positive effect p is constitutively upstream of q iff p is causally upstream of q, p is required for execution of q or a part of q, and the execution of p is approximately constant. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0012010 removes input for http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002305 causally upstream of, negative effect p removes input for q iff p is causally upstream of q, there exists some c such that p has_input c and q has_input c, p reduces the levels of c, and c is rate limiting for execution of q. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0012007 results in adhesion of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0040036 results in changes to anatomical or cellular structure The relationship that links anatomical entities with a process that results in the adhesion of two or more entities via the non-covalent interaction of molecules expressed in, located in, and/or adjacent to, those entities. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0013007 has sensory dendrite in http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002360 has dendrite location Relation between a sensory neuron and some structure in which it receives sensory input via a sensory dendrite. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0014001 disease has infectious agent http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0004019 disease has basis in A relationship between a disease and an infectious agent where the material basis of the disease is an infection with some infectious agent. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002238 has component participant http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0000057 has participant X 'has component participant' Y means X 'has participant' Y and there is a cardinality constraint that specifies the numbers of Ys. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002009 cell expresses http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002292 expresses A relation that applies between a cell(c) and a gene(g) , where the process of 'transcription, DNA templated (GO_0006351)' is occuring in in cell c and that process has input gene g. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002010 regulates in another organism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002418 causally upstream of or within x 'regulates in other organism' y if and only if: (x is the realization of a function to exert an effect on the frequency, rate or extent of y) AND (the agents of x are produced by organism o1 and the agents of y are produced by organism o2). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002227 obligate parasite of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002444 parasite of A sub-relation of parasite-of in which the parasite that cannot complete its life cycle without a host. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002228 facultative parasite of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002444 parasite of A sub-relations of parasite-of in which the parasite that can complete its life cycle independent of a host. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002315 results in acquisition of features of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002295 results in developmental progression of The relationship that links a specified entity with the process that results in an unspecified entity acquiring the features and characteristics of the specified entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002325 colocalizes with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002323 mereotopologically related to a colocalizes_with b if and only if a is transiently or peripherally associated with b[GO]. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002332 regulates levels of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002328 functionally related to p regulates levels of c if p regulates some amount (PATO:0000070) of c http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002338 has target start location http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002344 results in transport to from or in This relationship holds between p and l when p is a transport or localization process in which the outcome is to move some cargo c from some initial location l to some destination. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002339 has target end location http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002344 results in transport to from or in This relationship holds between p and l when p is a transport or localization process in which the outcome is to move some cargo c from a an initial location to some destination l. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002340 imports http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002020 transports Holds between p and c when p is a transportation or localization process and the outcome of this process is to move c to a destination that is part of some s, where the start location of c is part of the region that surrounds s. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002341 results in transport along http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002337 related via localization to Holds between p and l when p is a transportation or localization process and the outcome of this process is to move c from one location to another, and the route taken by c follows a path that is aligned_with l http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002342 results in transport across http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002344 results in transport to from or in Holds between p and m when p is a transportation or localization process and the outcome of this process is to move c from one location to another, and the route taken by c follows a path that crosses m. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002345 exports http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002020 transports Holds between p and c when p is a transportation or localization process and the outcome of this process is to move c to a destination that is part of some s, where the end location of c is part of the region that surrounds s. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002348 results in commitment to http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002295 results in developmental progression of p 'results in commitment to' c if and only if p is a developmental process and c is a cell and p results in the state of c changing such that is can only develop into a single cell type. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002349 results in determination of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002295 results in developmental progression of p 'results in determination of' c if and only if p is a developmental process and c is a cell and p results in the state of c changing to be determined. Once a cell becomes determined, it becomes committed to differentiate down a particular pathway regardless of its environment. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002355 results in structural organization of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002295 results in developmental progression of A relationship between a process and an anatomical entity such that the process contributes to the act of creating the structural organization of the anatomical entity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002356 results in specification of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002295 results in developmental progression of The relationship linking a cell and its participation in a process that results in the fate of the cell being specified. Once specification has taken place, a cell will be committed to differentiate down a specific pathway if left in its normal environment. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002357 results in developmental induction of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002295 results in developmental progression of p results in developmental induction of c if and only if p is a collection of cell-cell signaling processes that signal to a neighbouring tissue that is the precursor of the mature c, where the signaling results in the commitment to cell types necessary for the formation of c. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002381 main stem of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002375 in branching relationship with x main_stem_of y if y is a branching structure and x is a channel that traces a linear path through y, such that x has higher capacity than any other such path. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002382 proper distributary of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002377 distributary of x proper_distributary_of y iff x distributary_of y and x does not flow back into y http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002383 proper tributary of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002376 tributary of x proper_tributary_of y iff x tributary_of y and x does not originate from y http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002386 has potential to developmentally induce http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002384 has developmental potential involving x has potential to developmentally induce y iff x developmentally induces y or x is capable of developmentally inducing y http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002414 transitively provides input for http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0004047 causally upstream of or within, positive effect transitive form of directly_provides_input_for http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002428 involved in regulation of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002431 involved in or involved in regulation of c involved in regulation of p if c is involved in some p' and p' regulates some p http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002429 involved in positive regulation of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002428 involved in regulation of c involved in regulation of p if c is involved in some p' and p' positively regulates some p http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002430 involved in negative regulation of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002428 involved in regulation of c involved in regulation of p if c is involved in some p' and p' negatively regulates some p http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002440 symbiotically interacts with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002574 participates in a biotic-biotic interaction with A biotic interaction in which the two organisms live together in more or less intimate association. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002441 commensually interacts with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002440 symbiotically interacts with An interaction relationship between two organisms living together in more or less intimate association in a relationship in which one benefits and the other is unaffected (GO). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002442 mutualistically interacts with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002440 symbiotically interacts with An interaction relationship between two organisms living together in more or less intimate association in a relationship in which both organisms benefit from each other (GO). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002443 interacts with via parasite-host interaction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002440 symbiotically interacts with An interaction relationship between two organisms living together in more or less intimate association in a relationship in which association is disadvantageous or destructive to one of the organisms (GO). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002446 participates in a abiotic-biotic interaction with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002437 biotically interacts with A biotic interaction relationship in which one partner is an organism and the other partner is inorganic. For example, the relationship between a sponge and the substrate to which is it anchored. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002452 has symptom http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002200 has phenotype A relation that holds between a disease or an organism and a phenotype http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002454 has host http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002440 symbiotically interacts with X 'has host' y if and only if: x is an organism, y is an organism, and x can live on the surface of or within the body of y http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002472 is evidence for http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002616 related via evidence or inference to A relationship between a piece of evidence a and some entity b, where b is an information content entity, material entity or process, and the a supports either the existence of b, or the truth value of b. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002480 ubiquitinates http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002436 molecularly interacts with An interaction relation between x and y in which x catalyzes a reaction in which one or more ubiquitin groups are added to y http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002508 determines http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002566 causally influences inverse of determined by http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002509 determined by part of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002131 overlaps s 'determined by part of' w if and only if there exists some f such that (1) s 'determined by' f and (2) f part_of w, or f=w. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002510 transcribed from http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002330 genomically related to x is transcribed from y if and only if x is synthesized from template y http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002511 transcribed to http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002330 genomically related to inverse of transcribed from http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002512 ribosomal translation of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002330 genomically related to x is the ribosomal translation of y if and only if a ribosome reads x through a series of triplet codon-amino acid adaptor activities (GO:0030533) and produces y http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002513 ribosomally translates to http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002330 genomically related to inverse of ribosomal translation of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002515 sequentially adjacent to http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002527 does not overlap sequence of x is sequentially adjacent to y iff x and y do not overlap and if there are no base units intervening between x and y http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002520 is consecutive sequence of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002524 has subsequence x is a consecutive sequence of y iff x has subsequence y, and all the parts of x are made of zero or more repetitions of y or sequences as the same type as y. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002521 is sequentially aligned with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002514 sequentially related to x is sequentially aligned with if a significant portion bases of x and y correspond in terms of their base type and their relative ordering http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002522 bounds sequence of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002514 sequentially related to x bounds the sequence of y iff the upstream-most part of x is upstream of or coincident with the upstream-most part of y, and the downstream-most part of x is downstream of or coincident with the downstream-most part of y http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002523 is bound by sequence of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002514 sequentially related to inverse of bounds sequence of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002526 overlaps sequence of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002514 sequentially related to x overlaps the sequence of y if and only if x has a subsequence z and z is a subsequence of y. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002528 is upstream of sequence of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002527 does not overlap sequence of inverse of downstream of sequence of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002529 is downstream of sequence of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002527 does not overlap sequence of x is downstream of the sequence of y iff either (1) x and y have sequence units, and all units of x are downstream of all units of y, or (2) x and y are sequence units, and x is either immediately downstream of y, or transitively downstream of y. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002530 is immediately downstream of sequence of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002529 is downstream of sequence of x is immediately downstream of the sequence of y iff either (1) x and y have sequence units, and all units of x are downstream of all units of y, and x is sequentially adjacent to y, or (2) x and y are sequence units, in which case the immediately downstream relation is primitive and defined by context: for DNA bases, y would be adjacent and 5' to y http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002531 is immediately upstream of sequence of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002528 is upstream of sequence of inverse of immediately downstream of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002552 results in ending of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002295 results in developmental progression of p results in the end of s if p results in a change of state in s whereby s either ceases to exist, or s becomes functionally impaired or s has its fate committed such that it is put on a path to be degraded. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002553 hyperparasite of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002454 has host x is a hyperparasite of y iff x is a parasite of a parasite of the target organism y http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002554 hyperparasitized by http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002453 host of inverse of hyperparasite of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002556 pathogen of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002454 has host Inverse of has pathogen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002557 has pathogen http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002453 host of A host interaction where the smaller of the two members of a symbiosis causes a disease in the larger member http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002558 has evidence http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002616 related via evidence or inference to inverse of is evidence for http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002565 results in movement of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0040036 results in changes to anatomical or cellular structure Holds between p and c when p is locomotion process and the outcome of this process is the change of location of c http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002570 conduit for http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002131 overlaps x is a conduit for y iff y overlaps through the lumen_of of x, and y has parts on either side of the lumen of x. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002578 directly regulates http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002211 regulates p directly regulates q iff p is immediately causally upstream of q and p regulates q. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002583 existence starts at end of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002496 existence starts during or after holds between x and y if and only if the time point at which x starts is equivalent to the time point at which y ends. Formally: iff α(x) = ω(y). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002586 results in breakdown of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002233 has input p results in breakdown of c if and only if the execution of p leads to c no longer being present at the end of p http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002589 results in catabolism of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002586 results in breakdown of p results in catabolism of c if and only if p is a catabolic process, and the execution of p results in c being broken into smaller parts with energy being released. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002592 results in organization of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0040036 results in changes to anatomical or cellular structure p results in organization of c iff p results in the assembly, arrangement of constituent parts, or disassembly of c http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002593 existence ends at start of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002497 existence ends during or before holds between x and y if and only if the time point at which x ends is equivalent to the time point at which y starts. Formally: iff ω(x) = α(y). http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002607 is marker for http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002610 correlated with c is marker for d iff the presence or occurrence of d is correlated with the presence of occurrence of c, and the observation of c is used to infer the presence or occurrence of d. Note that this does not imply that c and d are in a direct causal relationship, as it may be the case that there is a third entity e that stands in a direct causal relationship with c and d. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002614 is evidence with support from http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002616 related via evidence or inference to A relationship between a piece of evidence and an entity that plays a role in supporting that evidence. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002629 directly positively regulates http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002578 directly regulates p directly positively regulates q iff p is immediately causally upstream of q, and p positively regulates q. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002630 directly negatively regulates http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002578 directly regulates p directly negatively regulates q iff p is immediately causally upstream of q, and p negatively regulates q. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002632 ectoparasite of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002444 parasite of A sub-relation of parasite-of in which the parasite lives on or in the integumental system of the host http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002633 has ectoparasite http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002445 parasitized by inverse of ectoparasite of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002636 mesoparasite of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002444 parasite of A sub-relation of parasite-of in which the parasite is partially an endoparasite and partially an ectoparasite http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002637 has mesoparasite http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002445 parasitized by inverse of mesoparasite of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002638 intercellular endoparasite of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002634 endoparasite of A sub-relation of endoparasite-of in which the parasite inhabits the spaces between host cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002639 has intercellular endoparasite http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002635 has endoparasite inverse of intercellular endoparasite of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002640 intracellular endoparasite of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002634 endoparasite of A sub-relation of endoparasite-of in which the parasite inhabits host cells. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002641 has intracellular endoparasite http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002635 has endoparasite inverse of intracellular endoparasite of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0003002 represses expression of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002449 directly negatively regulates activity of Holds between entity A (a transcription factor) and a nucleic acid B if and only if A down-regulates the expression of B. The nucleic acid can be a gene or an mRNA. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0003003 increases expression of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002450 directly positively regulates activity of Holds between entity A (a transcription factor) and nucleic acid B if and only if A up-regulates the expression of B. The nucleic acid can be a gene or mRNA. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002081 before or simultaneous with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002222 temporally related to <= http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002322 confers advantage in http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002321 ecologically related to adapted for http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002090 immediately precedes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000063 precedes meets http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002091 starts during http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002222 temporally related to io http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002092 happens during http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002093 ends during during http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002093 ends during http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002222 temporally related to overlaps http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002085 encompasses http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002088 during which starts di http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002447 phosphorylates http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002436 molecularly interacts with An interaction relation between x and y in which x catalyzes a reaction in which a phosphate group is added to y. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002455 pollinates http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002442 mutualistically interacts with is subject of pollination interaction with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002456 pollinated by http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002442 mutualistically interacts with is target of pollination interaction with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002083 before http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002081 before or simultaneous with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002343 results in growth of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002295 results in developmental progression of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002585 results in closure of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002295 results in developmental progression of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002297 results in formation of anatomical entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002295 results in developmental progression of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002287 part of developmental precursor of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002286 developmentally succeeded by http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002159 serially homologous to http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002320 evolutionarily related to http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002312 evolutionary variant of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002320 evolutionarily related to http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002461 partner in http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0000056 participates in http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002405 immediately causally downstream of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002404 causally downstream of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002017 has component activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002018 has component process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002435 genetically interacts with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002434 interacts with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002559 causally influenced by http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002506 causal relation between entities http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002425 differs in attribute of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002424 differs in http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002426 differs in attribute http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002424 differs in http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002563 interaction relation helper property http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002464 helper property (not for use in curation) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002564 molecular interaction relation helper property http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002563 interaction relation helper property http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002465 is symbiosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002563 interaction relation helper property http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002481 is kinase activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002564 molecular interaction relation helper property http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002482 is ubiquitination http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002564 molecular interaction relation helper property http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002006 has synaptic terminal of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002131 overlaps http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002360 has dendrite location http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002131 overlaps http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002089 starts before http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002222 temporally related to http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002086 ends after http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002222 temporally related to http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002084 during which ends http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002222 temporally related to http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002088 during which starts http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002222 temporally related to http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002591 results in remodeling of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002592 results in organization of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002354 formed as result of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002353 output of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002485 receives input from http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002170 connected to http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002486 sends output to http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002170 connected to http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0004033 acts upstream of or within, negative effect http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002264 acts upstream of or within http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0004032 acts upstream of or within, positive effect http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002264 acts upstream of or within http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002574 participates in a biotic-biotic interaction with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002437 biotically interacts with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002459 is vector for http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002574 participates in a biotic-biotic interaction with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002460 has vector http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002574 participates in a biotic-biotic interaction with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002555 allelopath of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002574 participates in a biotic-biotic interaction with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002618 visits http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002574 participates in a biotic-biotic interaction with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002619 visited by http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002574 participates in a biotic-biotic interaction with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002626 kills http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002574 participates in a biotic-biotic interaction with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002627 is killed by http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002574 participates in a biotic-biotic interaction with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0004001 has material basis in gain of function germline mutation in http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0004000 condition has genetic basis in http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0004002 has material basis in loss of function germline mutation in http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0004000 condition has genetic basis in http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0004003 has material basis in germline mutation in http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0004000 condition has genetic basis in http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0004004 has material basis in somatic mutation in http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0004000 condition has genetic basis in http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0004005 has major susceptibility factor http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0004000 condition has genetic basis in http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0004006 has partial material basis in germline mutation in http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0004000 condition has genetic basis in http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0004019 disease has basis in http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0004023 causal relationship with disease as subject http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0004010 is genetic basis for condition http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0004018 is basis for realizable http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0004025 disease causes dysfunction of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0004023 causal relationship with disease as subject http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002326 contributes to http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002329 part of structure that is capable of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002022 directly regulated by http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002334 regulated by http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002016 has necessary component activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002017 has component activity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002506 causal relation between entities http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002410 causally related to http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0004000 condition has genetic basis in http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002410 causally related to http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0004017 realizable has basis in http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002410 causally related to http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0004018 is basis for realizable http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002410 causally related to http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0004023 causal relationship with disease as subject http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0040035 disease relationship http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0004046 causally upstream of or within, negative effect http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002418 causally upstream of or within http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0004047 causally upstream of or within, positive effect http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002418 causally upstream of or within http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002587 results in synthesis of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002297 results in formation of anatomical entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002588 results in assembly of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002592 results in organization of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002344 results in transport to from or in http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002337 related via localization to http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002453 host of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002440 symbiotically interacts with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002624 lays eggs in http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002618 visits http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002634 endoparasite of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002444 parasite of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002625 has eggs laid in by http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002619 visited by http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002635 has endoparasite http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002445 parasitized by http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002462 subject participant in http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002461 partner in http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002463 target participant in http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002461 partner in http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002466 is commensalism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002465 is symbiosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002467 is mutualism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002465 is symbiosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002468 is parasitism http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002465 is symbiosis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002300 results in disappearance of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002552 results in ending of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002301 results in developmental regression of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002552 results in ending of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002590 results in disassembly of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002592 results in organization of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0012008 results in fusion of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002592 results in organization of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002622 visits flowers of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002618 visits http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002623 has flowers visited by http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002619 visited by http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0000053 has characteristic is bearer of Inverse of characteristic_of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0000056 participates in participates_in a relation between a continuant and a process, in which the continuant is somehow involved in the process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0000057 has participant has_participant a relation between a process and a continuant, in which the continuant is somehow involved in the process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0001000 derives from derives_from a relation between two distinct material entities, the new entity and the old entity, in which the new entity begins to exist when the old entity ceases to exist, and the new entity inherits the significant portion of the matter of the old entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0001001 derives into derives_into a relation between two distinct material entities, the old entity and the new entity, in which the new entity begins to exist when the old entity ceases to exist, and the new entity inherits the significant portion of the matter of the old entity http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0001015 location of location_of a relation between two independent continuants, the location and the target, in which the target is entirely within the location http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0001025 located in located_in a relation between two independent continuants, the target and the location, in which the target is entirely within the location http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0003301 has role in modeling is used to study A relation between a biological, experimental, or computational artifact and an entity it is used to study, in virtue of its replicating or approximating features of the studied entity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000066 occurs in unfolds_in b occurs_in c =def b is a process and c is a material entity or immaterial entity& there exists a spatiotemporal region r and b occupies_spatiotemporal_region r.& forall(t) if b exists_at t then c exists_at t & there exist spatial regions s and s’ where & b spatially_projects_onto s at t& c is occupies_spatial_region s’ at t& s is a proper_continuant_part_of s’ at t http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_HOM0000000 in similarity relationship with Relation between biological objects that resemble or are related to each other sufficiently to warrant a comparison. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0009004 has consumer 'has consumer' is a relation between a material entity and an organism in which the former can normally be digested or otherwise absorbed by the latter without immediate or persistent ill effect. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002320 evolutionarily related to A relationship that holds via some environmental process http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002324 developmentally related to A relationship that holds between entities participating in some developmental process (GO:0032502) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0015004 has characterizing marker set A relation that applies between a cell type and a set of markers that can be used to uniquely identify that cell type. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000067 contains process [copied from inverse property 'occurs in'] b occurs_in c =def b is a process and c is a material entity or immaterial entity& there exists a spatiotemporal region r and b occupies_spatiotemporal_region r.& forall(t) if b exists_at t then c exists_at t & there exist spatial regions s and s’ where & b spatially_projects_onto s at t& c is occupies_spatial_region s’ at t& s is a proper_continuant_part_of s’ at t http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0000058 is concretized as A relationship between a generically dependent continuant and a specifically dependent continuant, in which the generically dependent continuant depends on some independent continuant in virtue of the fact that the specifically dependent continuant also depends on that same independent continuant. A generically dependent continuant may be concretized as multiple specifically dependent continuants. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0000059 concretizes A relationship between a specifically dependent continuant and a generically dependent continuant, in which the generically dependent continuant depends on some independent continuant in virtue of the fact that the specifically dependent continuant also depends on that same independent continuant. Multiple specifically dependent continuants can concretize the same generically dependent continuant. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0009001 has substance added "has substance added" is a relation existing between a (physical) entity and a substance in which the entity has had the substance added to it at some point in time. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0007000 has driver A relation between two entities, in which one of the entities is any natural or human-influenced factor that directly or indirectly causes a change in the other entity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0017001 device utilizes material X device utilizes material Y means X and Y are material entities, and X is capable of some process P that has input Y. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0003000 produces a produces b if some process that occurs_in a has_output b, where a and b are material entities. Examples: hybridoma cell line produces monoclonal antibody reagent; chondroblast produces avascular GAG-rich matrix. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0003001 produced by a produced_by b iff some process that occurs_in b has_output a. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0015001 has exemplar data A relation between a material entity and some data in which the data is taken as exemplifying the material entity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002434 interacts with A relationship that holds between two entities in which the processes executed by the two entities are causally connected. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002573 has modifier A relation that holds between an attribute or a qualifier and another attribute. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0009003 immersed in "immersed in" is a relation between a (physical) entity and a fluid substance in which the entity is wholely or substantially surrounded by the substance. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002029 has increased age-specific mortality rate Then percentage of organisms in a population that die during some specified age range (age-specific mortality rate), minus the percentage that die in during the same age range in a wild-type population. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0015006 different in magnitude relative to q1 different_in_magnitude_relative_to q2 if and only if magnitude(q1) NOT =~ magnitude(q2). Here, magnitude(q) is a function that maps a quality to a unit-invariant scale. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0015009 similar in magnitude relative to q1 similar_in_magnitude_relative_to q2 if and only if magnitude(q1) =~ magnitude(q2). Here, magnitude(q) is a function that maps a quality to a unit-invariant scale. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002323 mereotopologically related to A mereological relationship or a topological relationship http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002328 functionally related to A grouping relationship for any relationship directly involving a function, or that holds because of a function of one of the related entities. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002214 has prototype x has prototype y if and only if x is an instance of C and y is a prototypical instance of C. For example, every instance of heart, both normal and abnormal is related by the has prototype relation to some instance of a "canonical" heart, which participates in blood circulation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0015011 has cross section s3 has_cross_section s3 if and only if : there exists some 2d plane that intersects the bearer of s3, and the impression of s3 upon that plane has shape quality s2. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0015012 reciprocal of q1 reciprocal_of q2 if and only if : q1 and q2 are relational qualities and a phenotype e q1 e2 mutually implies a phenotype e2 q2 e. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0009006 assay measures characteristic A relation between an assay and a characteristic, in which the assay generates a data item which is a measure of a characteristic. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0009007 characteristic measured by assay Inverse of 'assay measures characteristic' http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0017006 has maximum capacity A relation that relates a container to a measurement datum that specifies the maximum capacity of the container. Capacity can refer to either weight or volume. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0017008 owns A primitive relation that holds between entities x and y in which y is at x's full disposal. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0017009 is owned by Inverse of the owns relation. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002330 genomically related to holds between two entities when some genome-level process such as gene expression is involved. This includes transcriptional, spliceosomal events. These relations can be used between either macromolecule entities (such as regions of nucleic acid) or between their abstract informational counterparts. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002321 ecologically related to A relationship that is mediated in some way by the environment or environmental feature (ENVO:00002297) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0009002 has substance removed "has substance removed" is a relation existing between two physical entities in which the first entity has had the second entity (a substance) removed from it at some point in time. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0017005 contains measured amount A relation between a container and measurement datum that specifies the actual amount of material in the container. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002134 innervates Relation between a 'neuron projection bundle' and a region in which one or more of its component neuron projections either synapses to targets or receives synaptic input. T innervates some R Expands_to: T has_fasciculating_neuron_projection that synapse_in some R. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002410 causally related to relation that links two events, processes, states, or objects such that one event, process, state, or object (a cause) contributes to the production of another event, process, state, or object (an effect) where the cause is partly or wholly responsible for the effect, and the effect is partly or wholly dependent on the cause. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002479 has part that occurs in p has part that occurs in c if and only if there exists some p1, such that p has_part p1, and p1 occurs in c. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002201 phenotype of inverse of has phenotype http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0018003 myristoylated by inverse of myristoylates http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002011 regulates transport of A relationship that holds between a process that regulates a transport process and the entity transported by that process. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002337 related via localization to A relationship that holds via some process of localization http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002514 sequentially related to A relation that holds between two entities that have the property of being sequences or having sequences. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002610 correlated with A relationship that holds between two entities, where the entities exhibit a statistical dependence relationship. The entities may be statistical variables, or they may be other kinds of entities such as diseases, chemical entities or processes. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002615 has model Inverse of is-model-of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0010001 generically depends on A generically dependent continuant *b* generically depends on an independent continuant *c* at time *t* means: there inheres in *c* a specifically deendent continuant which concretizes *b* at *t*. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0010002 is carrier of *b* is carrier of *c* at time *t* if and only if *c* *g-depends on* *b* at *t* http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0040035 disease relationship This relation groups relations between diseases and any other kind of entity. http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000054 realized in realized_in http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002111 releases neurotransmitter has neurotransmitter http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000055 realizes http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000136 is about http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0016001 has phenotype or disease http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002424 differs in http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002464 helper property (not for use in curation) http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002487 relation between physical entity and a process or stage http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002222 temporally related to http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0018030 chemical relationship http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/bfo.owl#contains contains http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002502 depends on http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0015010 has relative magnitude http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0015002 exemplar data of http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002005 innervated_by http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002001 aligned with http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002616 related via evidence or inference to